新托福综合写作真题完整解析分享
托福写作考试当中分为独立写作和综合写作。其中综合写作中包括听力内容和阅读内容，考生需要综合听力和阅读的内容。这里小编为大家整理了托福综合写作真题的解析，希望对大家托福综合写作备考有帮助。
新托福综合写作真题完整解析分享
托福综合写作原文：
Throughout the Greek islands, archaeologists have found over 200 plate-sized ceramic disks dating to about 2000 to 3000 B.C.E. The disks are typically decorated on one side, while the other side is undecorated and has a raised edge that creates a shallow basin. They usually also have short handles. Archaeologists are still unclear about what the objects were used for. Three theories about their function have been proposed.
Pans for Cooking Food
Some archaeologists believe that the objects were used for cooking food. These archaeologists believe that food was placed on the undecorated side and that the raised edge on that side prevented the food from falling out of the pan. The handle would have made it easier and safer to remove the pan from a cooking fire or oven.
Drums
Other archaeologists believe that the objects were drums for making sounds. These archaeologists point out that animal skins could have been stretched over the side with the raised edge, creating an air chamber that would have amplified sound when the animal skin was struck. According to this theory, the person doing the drumming would hold the drum by the handle with one hand and strike the skin with the other hand.
Mirrors
Yet other archaeologists believe that the objects were a kind of ancient mirror. Although the objects are not made of a reflective material, they could have been used to create a reflection by pouring a liquid, such as olive oil, into the shallow basin with the raised edge. Supporters of this theory point out that the decorations found on the ceramic disks are similar to decorations found on hand-held metal mirrors made in ancient Greece.
Directions: You have 20 minutes to plan and write your response. Your response will be judged on the basis of the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the points in the lecture and their relationship to the reading passage. Typically, an effective response will be 150 to 225 words.
阅读：出土了一种用陶土做的disk，一面有花纹，一面没花纹。没花纹那面周围有一圈凸起刚好形成了一个浅浅的碗。disk下面还有短短的手柄。这种disk有三种可能的用法。
1、用来做饭，disk无花纹面的碗刚好可以盛放食物，而手柄方便烹饪的时候移动disk。
2、用来当鼓，往disk上蒙上兽皮，就可以形成一个腔体。人们可以一手持手柄，一手击鼓。
3、用作镜子。往无花纹面里到些液体，就可以当镜子用了。而且，这种用法很像古希腊的手持镜子。
听力：上用法都不可信
1、不可能用于烹饪的。想一想我们家里用的pans and pots，使用之后会black end or discolored，因为长时间接触高温，炊具势必会发黑。但是出土的200件disk中没有一个出现了这种情况。
2、做鼓使用也不可能发出好听的声音。这中disk使用陶土制作，即使蒙上兽皮敲击的声音也远不如用兽皮和木头制作的鼓好听。此外，陶土制作的鼓非常沉，使用不便。
3、无法当作镜子。倒入液体后，disk就必须被水平放置，这样人们可以弯腰照镜子。但是被水平放置后，有花纹的那一面就看不见了。古希腊的镜子是手持的，垂直拿在手里，这样可以随时看见镜子的花纹。
主题
希腊发现了200多个圆盘状的ceramic disks，一边平面的有装饰，一边是周围有突起的边没装饰的。三种理论推测用途。
R&L对照
Reading:
1、Pans for cooking food.因为没装饰那边凹进去，盛菜不会撒，且有把手好握着;
2、Drums.把动物皮绑在disks周围突起上面，可以制成鼓等等;
3、Mirrors. 古人把水等液体放进去，容器放平，弯腰就能看见自己的figure。
Lecture: 逐一反驳
1、如果用来盛菜，会使ceramic disks变得blacken and discolor,因为高温。同时出土的近200多件，太少了，不会是盛菜用的;
2、这样的做法敲起来不会有好的声音，解释了一般的鼓部分原理。并且为什么古人放着那么多充足的适合做鼓的材料不用而用它呢;
3、如果是为了做镜子用，就要把镜子平放，那么人家干嘛还把背后平的那一面弄上装饰呢，反正又没人看得见嘛。
托福写作备考之学会正确立意
托福作文需要不断的练习与积累，但是想要高分首先还是得学会立意。
1， 要与论题相匹配。论题问的既然是提高生活质量与否，一些无关紧要的改变就应该弃之不用，比如烹调时间缩短这一项改变，是事实，且未对生活质量有直接明显影响，就应该避免用作主要论点。
2， 要能言之有物。这是再功利不过的一条标准。比如我自己提到了食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，破题时觉得不无可能，真落笔时却不知道由何说起，如果选了这一条为一个主要论点，结果是我说了一句话就走人，那还不如选个能下笔，能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。
3， 选择的无论是2个还是3个论点，内在一定要有联系。这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。
托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题过程其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们按照自认为最有说服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的过程。这个说服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判断呢?笔者认为，能说服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有交叉，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最打动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不交叉的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。
立意的地一步，按照上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。
确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比如营养价值改变这一条，虽然速食文化的确对人体有害，但另一项速食：生疏和熟粗粮，就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，因为如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，如果其他论点都不好论证，还可以回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这依然是下下之选。
托福写作中需排除异己
之后，便该比较遗留的可能性论点，选取能言之有物且不交叉的项目，作为主要论点了。托福写作考试发散思维时，思维如洪水，席卷一切进入视野的可用之材，但大浪淘尽后，选择时就要格外注意这些素材的特征属性，看准了着手点才能下手。一个可能的论点必须作者有话可说才能选用，但如果对一个论点有太多话要说，就应该停下来，看看这些话能否安插在其他论点上。这也是出于观察论点间交叉性的需要。比如我选生活节奏改变，引发出速食对食量的影响，再引出对身体的影响，但第一个选择的论点是营养价值对身体的影响，两个论点就交叉在一起了。
在挑选论点，寻找言之有物这个“物”的时候，一定要注意避免层面的交叉，而这个层面，也要从托福写作题目中来：题目问的是对生活质量的影响，这些选择的层面一定和生活质量有关。生活质量又有什么层面呢?身体健康是一层，心理健康是一层，这两者合并在一起，是人类健康生活的基本要求，而物质享受是在基本要求上的锦上添花，又可以算一层，三层不交叉的层面就找到了。以此为依据，再回头找匹配的论点，事半功倍。此处也需要注意，破题时给出的方向只是方向，不是成熟的论点。有需要时，可以把匹配的几个方向糅合成一个论点，方便下笔。
针对本题，三个论点如下：身体健康下降：速食对食量的影响。心理健康下降：快速的生活节奏造成压力。物质享受下降：精心调配的美食是一种格调，人们正在沉沦于生活压力中，丧失享受的品位。这三个论点,大家可能都看得心满意足,以为思路完成了,可以下笔了.事实上就这么下笔,的确已经可以成文了.可要写成一篇动人的议论,还是不够.因为这三个论点虽不交叉,却只有一条明线为关联:这条明线就是支持全文观点.细细研究,它们再无其它联系,如果写成文章,读后不会有一气呵成的畅快淋漓之感,也不会特别深入人心.
这条暗线，应该是什么呢?是让托福写作从死板规矩的举例说理，三片豆腐块儿拼成的死文字，变成有思想，又灵性，能从纸上走出来，走进读者内心去的，作者的心声。这暗线，就是前文提过的，能赋予文章品格的，刚柔之论，是或者以情，或者以理，串联整篇文章。
既然这条暗线要贯穿全文，就必须与各个论点有一定联系。而在串连所有论点的同时，要避免交叉，就使这个暗线出于一个全新的视角。之前笔者从题目用词的角度发散思维，再根据题目提问的出发点将发散开的思维分成三股收束起来。从题目本身入手，已无处再用力，可以使用的视角，只能从个人经验和知识中采凿-----而这正是独立写作的基本要求：writing based on knowledge and experience
托福备考之写作素材：家长影响
Children are prone to observe and follow their parents’ behaviors. For example, a child who sees his/her father exercising regularly will probably be active as an adult. Other positive behaviors demonstrated by parents could affect their children in various ways, including their dressing style, dental hygiene and table manners. On the contrary, children of smokers are more likely to pick up the habit of smoking because of parental modeling and because they have increased access to cigarettes. According to a recent survey conducted by the Kentucky Department for Public Health, a child of an alcoholic parent is four times more likely to become an alcoholic when he/she becomes an adult. In the cases above, the influences of parental modeling should never be underestimated with regards to how these actions affect their children.
托福写作举一反三：
① affect 影响
=influence, impact
? The children and spouse of a smoker will be adversely affected by the constant smoke in their environment.
② underestimate 低估
=underrate
? Children always look to their mother for guidance, and therefore the influence that a mother has over a child could never be underestimated.
? Under no circumstances should we underestimate the importance of helping students obtain a thorough understanding of what has been printed in their textbooks.
? 反义词：overestimate
-托福写作话题词汇-
家族纽带 family tie
亲情 family bond
代沟 generation gap
家庭观念 family value
核心家庭 nuclear family
父母指导 parental guidance
相互理解 mutual understanding
尊重父母 respect one’s parents
托福写作真题重现：
? Parents learn more from their children than children learn from their parents. (2013.11.9)
? Teachers had a greater influence on young people in the past than they do today. (2012.5.26)
托福写作思路分析：工人做不同类型的工作
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
Workers would be happier if they are doing different types of tasks during their workday than doing the same task.
新托福写作思路解析：工人做不同类型的工作
I agree
1. Workers will get tired easily if they keep doing the same type of task for a long time.(长时间做同样的工作会导致效率下降，不同的工作可以转化思维)
2. By doing a variety of tasks a person can develop skills in different areas.(不同的工作会有不同的要求，从而积累工作经验，这对于未来的职业发展有好处)
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