高考英语语法填空解题策略
语法填空是通过语篇考查语法知识的运用能力的题型,因此在解题时应将词汇和语篇相结合,再运用一些方法,小编整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。
解题策略
一、读懂首句,判断体裁,确定时态
二、动脑思考,分析推理
三、通读全文,验证所填的词
考查范围
一、语境(上下文)
二、语法:动词(时态、语态、非谓语形式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级及构词法、倒装等。
具体要注意以下几点:
一、根据语法知识进行填充
(1)考查定冠词和代词。考生切记:在可数名词单数之前要用限定词,常为冠词或(物主)代词。
如:There once were a goat and a donkey...So the farmer killed goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.
解析:该空后的goat特指上文提到的goat,故该空填定冠词the。
(2)考查并列连词或各类从句的引导词。
如:It was not long the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.
解析:该空填before引导时间状语从句,符合"it is/was+一段时间+before"句型。
(3)考查固定搭配。
如:In short, I believe that it is great use to keep a dairy in English.
解析:根据固定搭配"be of +抽象名词"可判断该空填of。
(4)考查常用固定句型,如:so/such...that..., it is...(for sb.) to do sth., there is no doubt that..., there is no sense in doing sth., 比较级+than等。
2、根据前后逻辑关系进行填充
如: there was no man to see any of the flights, we can be told by the animal's footprints that the fight did take place.
解析:根据前后句的让步转折关系,可判断该空填Though/Although。
3、根据语篇标志进行填充
语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词,我们称这些词为"语篇标志词"。
如表示结构层次的first, second, third, finally等;
表示因果关系的then,therefore,so等;
表示转折关系或变换话题的however, but, by the way等。"语篇标志词"对迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系很有帮助。
总结
一、首先熟悉语境
二、对于连词、介词、关系代词、关系副词等,不仅要理解它们的意思,还要熟记它们,在考试时能准确、快速地提取它们
三、对于动词,要掌握常用的时态、语态和非谓语动词的用法
四、对于句子,要能够分析其结构,懂得在什么时候该用什么词性
五、对于单词,不仅要背诵其意义和拼写,还要掌握基本的词形变换