托福阅读方法解析：教你如何看懂TPO简单句&复杂句
本文帮助大家拨开托福阅读TPO简单句&复杂句这两种句式。学习啦为大家带来托福阅读方法解析：教你如何看懂TPO简单句&复杂句，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注学习啦!
托福阅读方法解析：教你如何看懂TPO简单句&复杂句
Timberline Vegetation On Mountains
The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often a dramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.
托福阅读权威解析
在老师看来，英语中所有的句子只会分为两种：
1??简单句，也叫基本句
2??复杂句
那么今天老师就一点一点地帮助大家拨开这两种句式。
所谓基本句，就是英语在最简单句子中的基本格局，也是千变万化的句子结构的雏形。现代英语的基本句型主要有五种，它们是：
主-动-补(动词就是我们所说的系动词)
主-动(动词就是我们所说的不及物动词)
主-动-宾(动词也就是我们所说的及物动词)
主-动-宾-宾(老师就把它当成第三种类型的引申吧!)
主-动-宾-补(这个复杂一点，但是我们经常看到的动词固定表达就是属于这一种)
复杂句呢，就真真的有些复杂了，但是简言之，也就是我们老师经常说的“从句”。在我看来，从句的目的也是英语语言逻辑的精髓就是“修饰关系”，也就是在一个句子里表达更多的内容和信息。起到的作用，老师给大家举一些例子，你们就清清楚楚了。
在这个忧伤而明媚的三月，我从我单薄的青春里打马而过，穿过紫堇，穿过木棉，穿过时隐时现的悲喜和无常。--郭敬明
大家看小四的这个句子，明明就是一个单句，虽然有“在”，但是后面却接的是一个“三月”。整个句子的主语是“我”
跟别人告别的时候用力一点，因为你多说一句，可能就是最后一句，多看一眼，可能就是最后一眼……--韩寒
这典型有一个原因状语从句嘛。主句却还是一个“祈使句”。
那么我们就好好把托福TPO里的文章句子进行分析，你会发现真心不难。
The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slop isoften a dramatic one.
是不是肢解开的句子分析起来简单多了，那么大家能不能一眼看到句子的核心了呢?
这句话的核心含义是：过渡带很剧烈。
Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, treesdisappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses.
这句话的意思是：在…，树消失…和被…代替。
This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line.
这句话的意思是：这个什么什么的“地带”叫”balabala“。
In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.
这句话里有了where引导的定语从句，但是把它找出来也就不难理解句子了。
这句话的意思为：在…, 有timberline，(一堆东西修饰了timberline)
托福阅读单词与表达：
transition [?tr?n?z??n] n. 过渡带
forest [?f?r?st] n. 森林
treeless [?tri?l?s] adj. 无数木的
tundra [?t?ndr?] n. 苔原，冻原
mountain [?ma?nt?n] n. 山
slope [sl??p] n. 斜坡
dramatic [dr??m?t?k] adj. 剧烈的
vertical [?v??t?kl] adj. 垂直的
distance [?d?st?ns] n. 距离
shrub [?r?b] n. 灌木(可数)
herb [h??b] n. 草木
timberline [?t?mb?r?la?n] n. 林木线
semiarid adj. 半干旱的
steppe [step] n. 干草原
desert [?dez?t] n. 沙漠
be lack of sth. 缺乏
a lack of sth. 缺乏
托福阅读长难句100句：冰川
今天我们来看这样一个句子：
The ice shelf cores, with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet), were long enough to penetrate through glacial ice—which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles—and to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice formed from seawater that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice. (53, OG)
penetrate /'pen?tre?t/ v. 进入或穿过某物;充满，遍布
compact /k?m'p?kt/ v. 将(某物)紧压在一起
我是分界线，先自己分析哦。
The ice shelf cores, (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet)),were long enough (to penetrate through glacial ice)—(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)—and (to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice) (formed from seawater)(tha tfreezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice. )
分析：
大家可以发现，我把句子拆短了之后，就容易理解多了。请大家仔细看我的分析。
修饰一： (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet))，介词短语，修饰the iceshelf cores，修饰成分一般放后面哦
中文：总长为215米(705英尺)
修饰二：(to penetrate through glacial ice)，非谓语动词
中文：穿透冰川冰
修饰三：(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)，从句，修饰glacial ice，修饰成分一般放后面哦
中文：由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡
修饰四：(to continue into the clear,bubble-free ice)，非谓语动词
中文：继续进入清澈的、没有气泡的冰
修饰五：(formed from seawater) ，非谓语动词，修饰the clear, bubble-free ice
中文：由海水形成
修饰六：(that freezes onto the bottom ofthe glacial ice.) ，从句，修饰seawater
中文：凝固在冰川冰底部
主干：括号外面的，The iceshelf cores were long enough，主和谓语中间被解词短语with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet)隔开了，大家要注意
参考翻译：
总长为215米(705英尺)的冰架核已足以穿透(由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡)的冰川冰，随后穿透清澈的、没有气泡的冰，这些冰是由凝固在冰川冰底部的海水形成的。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、非谓语动词、从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读长难句100句：波利尼西亚人
今天我们来看这样一个句子：
Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. (46, TPO5)
maroon /m?'ru?n/ v. 放逐到无人岛上，使孤立
adrift /?'dr?ft/ adj. 漂流的，漂泊的
feat /fi?t/ n. 功绩，伟业
deliberate /d?'l?b?r?t/ adj. 故意的，刻意的
set out 从某地出发
stock v. 贮备，贮存
domesticate /d?'m?st?ket/ v. 驯养(动物等)
我是分界线，先自己分析哦。
Contrary to the arguments of some (that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift), it seems reasonable (that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions (that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. ) )
分析：
修饰一：(that much of thepacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift)，从句，修饰arguments
中文：波利尼西亚人是在偶尔迷失和漂流被困住而定居在大部分太平洋地区
修饰二：在上一个从句里还有一个省略的从句(after being lost and adrift) =(after Polynesians were lost and adrift)
修饰三：(that set outfully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. )，从句，修饰expeditions，注意这里(fully stocked with food and domesticated plants andanimals. )，非谓语动词修饰set out
中文：出发时充分贮存了食物和被驯化动植物
主干：大家注意，(that this feat wasaccomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stockedwith food and domesticated plants and animals.)， it seems reasonable中的 it指代这个从句，真正的主语是这个从句
参考翻译：
和某些人的观点相反，这些观点认为波利尼西亚人是在偶尔迷失和漂流被困住而定居在大部分太平洋地区，另外一种观点似乎更加合理，认为这些功绩是通过故意的并且出发时充分贮存了食物和被驯化动植物的殖民探险来实现的。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词和从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读长难句100句：侵略性
希望大家一句一句坚持看下去，原因在于，看得越来越多，你就发现句子结构规律特别明显，玩来玩去就是那几个，你把不明白的地方好好理解，问问老师，弄明白了，你就会发现速度越来越快。
大家一定要多测测自己看句子的速度有没有变快，然后大家再去阅读其它英文材料，看看速度有没有变快呢?如果没有，原因是什么呢?词汇还是句子结构?找到原因就好。
今天我们来看这样一个句子：
For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively. (45, OG)
aggression n. 侵略
justified adj. 合理的，正当的
unjust adj. 不公正的，不公平的
我是分界线，先自己分析哦。
For example, people (who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--) are likely to act aggressively, whereas people (who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust), or (who think that aggression is never justified), are less likely to behave aggressively.
分析：
修饰一：(who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--)，从句，修饰people，注意里面还有一个从句(that aggression is necessary and justified)
中文：相信侵略是必要的合理的(诸如战争时期)
修饰二：(who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust) ，从句，修饰people，注意里面还有一个从句(that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust)
中文：相信一场特别的战争或侵略行为是不公正的人们
修饰三：(who think that aggression isnever justified)，从句，修饰people，
中文：认为侵略从来不是合理的人们
主干部分：表示对比的句子：people are likely to act aggressively whereas people are less likely to behave aggressively.
参考翻译：
例如，相信侵略是必要的合理的(诸如战争时期)的人们就有可能行为有侵略性;然而，相信一场特别的战争或侵略行为是不公正的，或者，认为侵略从来不是合理的人们，就少有可能行为有侵略性。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
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