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课外阅读1
Which Chinese university produces the most billionaires? Which university boasts the mostoutstanding schoolfellow? For years, it has been a tight race between Tsinghua University andPeking University, with the ladder always maintaining a slight edge.
国内哪所大学造就的亿万富豪校友最多?谁又是培养杰出校友最多的高校?在这个问题上，很多年来清华大学和北京大学都难分胜负，而通常北大略占优势。
However, according to a new list of billionaire alumni from Chinese universities, releasedMonday by Chinese University Alumnus Association, Tsinghua University has finally gained anupper hand. The school boasted 84 billionaires in 30 years since the reform and opening upwith a combined worth of 300 billion yuan (US.45 billion), surpassing Peking University forthe first time.
然而，中国校友会网周一发布的《2012中国大学杰出校友排行榜》显示，自改革开放30多年来，清华大学培养和造就了84名亿万富豪校友，校友财富合计近3000亿元，首次超越北大成为中国造富大学排行榜冠军。
Nonetheless, alumni from Peking University maintain a solid lead in terms of prestige. Theschool topped the list of 2012 Distinguished Alumni, producing 456 distinguished politicians, academic talents and businessmen since 1952. Tsinghua University ranked second with 292.
尽管如此，以校友名望论，北京大学的地位依旧不可动摇。《2012中国大学杰出校友排行榜》总榜单仍是北京大学居首，1952年(含)以后毕业于北京大学的政学商界杰出人才最多，有456人。其次是清华大学，有292人，名列第二。
A total of 8,000 distinguished people participated in the survey, including over 1,400 politicians, over 3,600 scholars and over 2,600 business leaders.
这次新公布的榜单共调研了我国各领域杰出人才合计近8000人。其中，政界杰出人才1400多人，学界杰出人才3600多人，此外还有商界杰出人才2600多人。
The list also shows off Chinese universities' abilities in creating wealthy individuals. Amongmore than 800 Chinese billionaires with top educational backgrounds, Tsinghua University's 84 surpassed Peking University's 82. The combined worth of the billionaires on the list is 4.5 trillionyuan (US1.7 billion).
该榜单同时显示了中国大学的“造富职能”。2011年上榜的拥有高等教育背景的亿万富豪有800多人，财富合计约4.5万亿元。其中，清华大学培养和造就的亿万富豪校友最多，有84名;北京大学有82人，名列第二。
Zhao Deguo, editor in chief of the alumni association said billionaire rankings by Forbesmagazine, Hurun list and New Fortune magazine between 1999 and 2011 listed over 1,580 people with higher education backgrounds, accounting for 61 percent of all listed billionaires.
据中国校友会网总编赵德国介绍，在1999至2011年间福布斯、胡润、新财富等中国富豪榜上榜的亿万富豪中，拥有高等教育背景的“知本富豪”有1580多人，约占全部亿万富豪总数的61%。
Zhao said that talent cultivation has gotten on the right track since China re-established thecollege entrance examination system in 1977. Under the environment of respecting knowledgeand talents in 1978, capable individuals have consistently stood out from the rest. Accordingto the new list, many who participated in those exams have become the salt of the earth inscientific fields.
据赵德国介绍，1977年，我国恢复了高考制度，高等院校的人才培养工作重新走上正轨。特别是自1978年以来，在“尊重知识、尊重人才”的大环境下，优秀人才不断涌现。这次的排行榜显示，1977年恢复高考后的几届考生已成为或正在成长为我国科技领域的中流砥柱。
课外阅读2
According to a report released by Institute of Education Tsinghua University, Chinese collegesand universities lag far behind in the fields of academic challenge, cooperative learninginitiative, student-teacher interaction, and so on, when compared to U.S. researchuniversities, China Youth Daily reported.
据《中国青年报》报道，清华大学教育研究院发布报告称，同美国研究型大学相比，我国高校在学业挑战度、主动合作学习水平和师生互动等方面，均存在较大差距。
The survey collected over 20,000 samples from 23 undergraduate institutes in China. Based onthese data, three quarters of Chinese students have never discussed scores or assignments withtheir lecturers (whereas in same-level U.S. institutions, this applies to about 7% of students); half of the Chinese students have never talked about their career plans and thoughts with theirteachers (the rate in same-level U.S. institutions is about 21%); 35.6% of the students havenever got timely feedback on their academic performance from teachers (in same-level U.S. institutions, this rate is about 7%).
该课题从全国23所本科院校收集两万多份调查样本，数据显示，有四分之三的中国学生从未和任课老师讨论分数和作业(美国同类院校约7%);有一半的学生从未与老师讨论自己的职业计划和想法(美国同类院校约21%);有35.6%的学生的学习表现从未得到老师及时的反馈(美国同类院校约7%)。
The report puts forward that the traditional concept of a teacher's authority exerts muchinfluence on the interaction between teachers and students.
报告分析称，传统的师道尊严观念使教师高高在上，影响到师生互动。
The survey also shows that when asked about "whether they put forward questions orparticipate in discussions in class", more than one fifth of Chinese students answered with "never" (in same-level U.S. institutions, this goes for only 3% of students), only one tenth ofChinese students chose to answer with "often" or "very often" (in same-level U.S. institutions, this rate is about 63%).
调查数据还表明，我国高校在“课上提问或参与讨论”题项上，有超过五分之一的学生选择“从未”(美国同类院校只有3%)，只有十分之一的学生选择“经常”或“很经常”(美国同类院校约63%)。
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