历年英语高考真题全国卷及答案

　　高考学习最重要的是要多试和多练，试试并非受罪，问问并不吃亏。高考加油!下面是学习啦小编为大家推荐的历年英语高考真题全国卷，仅供大家参考!

　　历年英语高考真题全国卷

　　第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

　　第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分)

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答案卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Met) is one of the world’s largest and finest art museums. Following the suggested route will help you explore the museum.

　　The Temple of Dendur

　　This 2000-year-old building stood near the Nile River, surrounded by a wall that no longer exists. But you can still peek through the gateway. Whose “house” is this? It's not for people. It’s for gods. Can you identify them? They face out. A king faces in, bringing offerings.

　　MetSpeaks

　　Bringing together some of the most respected thinkers on a given subject, MetSpeaks features lectures, discussions, talks, films, and forums in which compelling voices explore timely issues that connect to the Met’s exhibitions and permanent collection. Program times, audiences, and topics vary.

　　Time to Sketch

　　Settle down for a few minutes, pick something in this gallery, and have fun drawing it. Enjoy the chance to look carefully as you create your own sketch. You'll be surprised at how much more you notice, thanks to exploring art by sketching.

　　MetAccess

　　Make the Met yours! Choose from a variety of services and exciting programs that are tailored to meet the needs of visitors with disabilities. Program times, audiences, and topics vary.

　　Ask for the Access Information brochure and Access Calendar at Information Desks, download the Access Calendar (PDF), or call 212-650-2010 or email access@metmuseum.org.

　　Admission

　　Fee includes admission to the Main Building and same-week admission to the Cloisters museum and gardens.

　　Recommended Fee

　　Adults

　　Seniors (65 and older)

　　Students

　　Members (Join Now) Free

　　Children under 12 (accompanied by an adult) Free

　　1. How much is recommended to pay for 3 adult and 2 student visitors?

　　A. 99 B. 111 C. 87 D. 103

　　2. What can you know about the Temple of Dendur?

　　A. A high wall is surrounding the 2000-year-old building now.

　　B. A king faces out, bringing offerings in the temple.

　　C. The building is designed for Emperor to live in.

　　D. The Nile River witnessed the history of the building.

　　3. Which of the following is TRUE about the Met?

　　A. Issues connected with economic crisis will be discussed in MetSpeaks.

　　B. Visitors can choose something in the gallery and have fun drawing it on the wall.

　　C. Disabled people will find various services and programs offered especially for them.

　　D. You can email access@metmuseum.org for more Admission information.

　　B

　　On May 28th, 1998 I was driving my 13-year-old daughter and 14-year-old son to school. Unfortunately my car crashed with a truck. All three of us were critically injured. Stacey’s brain injury was the most severe. Despite all attempts to save her, she died two days later. When I became conscious, I heard my husband talking to the organ donor coordinator(器官捐助协调员).

　　We knew that Stacey would want that because that’s the kind of person she was. She always wanted to assist people. She was always smiling and brought so much joy to others. She was friendly and enjoyed writing stories and poetry.

　　It has been a comfort to know that Stacey lives on in the lives of others. I have even met the family of one of Stacey’s kidney recipients (接受人). This little girl was 6 years old at the time of the transplant. She was suffering from Nephrotic Syndrome. I saw pictures showing the effects of the Nephrotic Syndrome and the pictures of her after the transplant. They already showed an amazing difference. We correspond every year through letters, cards and pictures. The girl is doing really well at school and will be graduating from high school next year. I am so grateful that we have this relationship. I also feel relieved that my daughter has made so great a difference to a person’s life.

　　Over the years, I have had some kind of contact with all of the recipients except the heart recipient. I’m very sorry for that. I would love to hear something from the heart recipient’s family. There are so many things that I wonder about her. I wonder if she is anything like Stacey. Does she smile all the time? Does she enjoy writing stories and poetry? I do hope that they can contact us!

　　I feel guilty because I was the one driving in the accident which caused Stacey’s death. I also feel proud that my daughter has helped so many people.

　　4. When did Stacey die from the traffic accident?

　　A. On May 28th, 1998 B. On May 29th, 1998

　　C. On May 31st, 1998 D. On May 30th, 1998

　　5. What does the underlined word “They” refers to?

　　A. The pictures taken after the transplant.

　　B. The people who received the organs of Stacey.

　　C. The people who cared for the girl in the hospital.

　　D. The pictures showing the effects of the Nephrotic Syndrome.

　　6. What is the writer’s attitude towards her daughter’s organ donation?

　　A. Grateful B. Dissatisfied C. Proud D. Guilty

　　7. What has the writer been looking forward to doing?

　　A. Contacting the kidney recipient’s family.

　　B. Visiting kidney recipient’s family.

　　C. Getting paid from the heart family.

　　D. Seeing the heart recipient.

　　C

　　When we give our kids holiday gifts, many of us can’t wait to hear their appreciative cries of “thank you!” once the wrapping gets ripped off. But here’s a tip: You’d be wise not to expect much gratitude from them for what they receive.

　　Gratitude can make us happier, healthier, and even fitter. But do the kids show their gratitude for the stuff we buy them? All the research I’ve done has convinced me that it won’t happen. One mom told me that when she asked her 16-year-old son to thank her for buying him a cellphone, he said, “But that’s what moms should do.” From a teenager’s angle, it’s a parent’s responsibility to take care of the family. According to Dunham, Yale’s assistant professor of psychology, “When teenagers code it that way, a gift is no longer something given freely and voluntarily”—it’s just mom and dad living up to their obligation.

Parents do have the right to demand good manners and children should thank sincerely whoever gives them something. But kids can’t know how blessed they are unless they have a basis for comparison. And they don’t learn that by a parent complaining that they’re ungrateful. We need to give our children the gift of a wider world view. Show by example that gratitude isn’t about stuff—which ultimately can’t make any of us happy anyway. It’s about realizing how lucky you are and paying your good fortune forward.

　　You can collect all the charitable appeals and sit down together with the kids to go through them. You set the budget for giving and the kids decide how it’s distributed. Once the conversation about gratitude gets started, it’s much easier to continue all year. Also you can set up a family routine at bedtime where kids describe three things that have made them grateful. When kids go off to college, you can text them a picture each week of something that inspires your appreciation.

　　Teaching children to focus on the positive and appreciate the good in their lives is perhaps the greatest gift we can give them. And we can all learn together that the things that really matter aren’t on sale at a department store.

　　8. How do children respond when receiving gifts from their parents?

　　A. They show no interest in their parents’ gifts.

　　B. They can’t wait to open their parents’ gifts.

　　C. They show much gratitude to their parents for the gifts.

　　D. They take their parents’ gifts for granted.

　　9. To make children grateful for what they have, parents should _________.

　　A. live up to their obligation B. ask their children to have good manners

　　C. teach their children by setting an example D. complain their children are ungrateful

　　10. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

　　A. No gifts are greater than teaching children to be positive and grateful.

　　B. Children ought to realize how lucky they are to have considerate parents.

　　C. Children are supposed to decide how to distribute their own money

　　D. It is easy for parents to start the conversation about gratitude.

　　11. What’s the purpose of the author writing this text?

　　A. To explain the reason why children offer no gratitude to their parents.

　　B. To give advice to parents on how to help children develop gratitude.

　　C. To encourage parents to do things together with their children.

　　D. To remind parents of their responsibility to educate their children.

　　D

　　People with an impulsive personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.

　　Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺) release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.

　　Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits (特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI (身体质量指数) during the study.

　　Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity.

　　“Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt.

　　Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits.

　　“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”

　　12. According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is ________.

　　A. less healthy weight B. motivation to lose weight

　　C. negative emotions D. taking alcohol or drugs

　　13. How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4?

　　A. By making comparisons and conclusions. B. By explaining causes and effects.

　　C. By presenting questions and answers. D. By giving definitions and examples.

　　14. What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?

　　A. It has been successfully carried out among overweight people.

　　B. It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight.

　　C. It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people.

　　D. It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior.

　　15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A. Dopamine release caused by food addiction B. Food addiction compared to drug use

　　C. Impulsive personality linked to food addition D. Food addiction contributing to obesity