英语易错动词合集
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英语易错动词合集
第一组：
spend/ take /cost
①spend的主语通常是“人”，即“某人在─花多少时间或金钱。”
例句：
1)The boy spends a lot of money.(in) playing computer games.
(那个男孩花了很多钱玩电子游戏。)
2)She spent lots of money on books last year.
(去年她花费很多钱在书本上。)
②take前常以it作形式主语，作“做某事需要花多少时间。”
It takes +(人)+时间+ to do sth.
1)How long does it take you to finish the work?
(你需要多少时间才能完成那工作?)
2)It took me an hour to repair my bike.
(我花了一个小时修理自行车。)
3)It takes a lot of courage to tell the truth.
(说真话需要很大的勇气。)
③cost的主语通常是事物，即指 ①某物值多少钱②需要多少时间③某人花了多少钱④使(某人)(丧失)(事/物)+cost+(人)+时间/金钱
1)The watch cost me two hundred yuan.
(这块手表花了我200块钱。)
2)Writing a novel cost plenty of time.
(写本小说要花很多时间。)
3)The girl's bad behavior cost her parents many sleepless1 nights.
(那个女孩的不良行为使得她的父母许多夜晚睡不着。)
注意：cost的过去式，过去分词都是cost。
第二组：
speak/say/tell/talk
①speak说某种语言，说某人好、坏话是及物动词;发表讲话，对某人说话，是不及物动词。
1)The students speak English very fluently2.
(这些学生英语说得非常流利。)
2)The Prime3 Minister spoke4 on the international situation.
(首相就国际形势发表了演说。)
3)She always speaks ill of others.
(她总是说别人的坏话。)
②speak的习惯用语：
Generally speaking 一般而言
Frankly5 speaking 坦白地说
Strictly6 speaking 严格地说
not to speak of 且不说;更不用说
1)Generally speaking, man is stronger than woman.
(一般而言，男人比女人强壮。)
2)We can speak English, not to speak of Chinese.
(我们会读英语，汉语更不用说了。)④say说出某句话或某件事;后接从句，(但say与从句之间不能直接接人称代词或名词);说明时间;书信、布告报纸上的“说”，习惯用法
1)She said ,“I love you.”
(她说：“我爱你。”)
2)Say goodbye to them.
(跟他们说再见。)
3)She says she is busy.
(她说她很忙。)
4)My watch says 10:00 sharp.
(我的表是十点整。)
5)The paper says that there was a big fire in Shanghai.
(报上说上海发生了一场大火)。
6)It is said that she has been away for a month.
(据说她已走了一个月了)
7)It goes without saying that education is important.
(不用说，教育是重要的。)
8)Tom is a good student, that is to say, he gets good grades in school.
(Tom是个好学生，也就是说，他在学校的成绩很好。)
③ ①tell说谎;讲故事;说实话
1)Don't tell a lie.
(不要说谎。)
2)She likes to tell stories.
(她喜欢讲故事。)
3)We should always tell the truth.
(我们应该永远说实话。)
③ ②tell辨别;叫某人做某事;接“间接”与“直接”宾语;tell+宾语+that从句
1)Sometimes we can't tell right from wrong.
(有时我们无法辨别是非。)
(他告诉我他要去那儿。)
④talk连续地说话;习惯用法
1)What are the girls talking about ?
(那些女孩们讲什么?)
2)Young people like to talk politics7.
(年青人喜欢谈论政治。)
3)I talked over the matter with her.
(我与她谈论了那个问题。)
第三组：
take /bring/carry/fetch
①take作“带去”“拿去”解;从近处把东西送到远处
例句：
1)She'll take her children to the park.
(她要带孩子去公园。)
2)It's raining, you'd better take an umbrella with you.
(下雨了;你最好把雨伞带上。)
②bring“拿来;带来”;从远处把东西拿到近外
1)Bring the dictionary to me.
(把字典拿给我。)
2)Please bring your report with you when you come tomorrow.
(明天你来的时候，请把你的报告带来。)
③carry作“携带，带去;搬运”解
1)She always carries a red handbag.
(她总是带一个红色手包。)
2)Please carry this TV set upstairs.
(请把这台电视搬到楼上去。)
④fetch作“去…取来，拿来;叫某人来”解
1)The football is over there. Fetch it please.
(足球在那边呢，请把它拿回来。)
2)Fetch the police at once. We've found the robber8.
(马上去叫警察来，我们已经发现那个抢劫的人。)
第四组：
wear/put on/ dress
①wear穿着，戴;留，表示“状态”是及物动词需加宾语
例句：
1)She always wears a pair of glasses.
(她总是戴着一副眼镜。)
2)He wears a black jacket today.
(今天他穿着一件黑色的夹克。)
②put on穿上，戴上，表示“动作”
例句：
1)The teacher put on his hat and went out of the office.
(老师戴上帽子然后走出办公室。)
2)Put on the gloves .It's cold outside.
(戴上手套外面很凉。)
③dress作“穿着…的衣服”解;给某人穿衣服不用写衣服
例句：
1)She is dressed in red.
(她穿着红衣服。)
2)The mother dresses the child every day.
(那位母亲每天给孩子穿衣服。)此句不能加衣服。
3)She dresses herself in red.
(此句等于第一个例句。)
第五组：
do /make
①do“做”主要是用来表示“行动”“行为”，如do omelets是“把蛋卷煎好”。在do后面常加一些抽象名词，如do wrong(犯错)。“wrong”是抽象名词常与do搭配的短语有：
①do one's
②do (the) some
③do sb. a favor9帮人忙
④do with利用;忍受;需要
⑤do away with废除
⑥do without用不着;不需要
⑦have
⑧do sb.
⑨do nothing but do除了做…以外什么也没做
⑩do business做生意
例句：
1)I'll do the dishes today.
(今天我来洗盘子。)
2)I've done my homework.
(我已经做完了作业。)
3)Crying does harm to you.
(哭对你没有益处。)
4)Will you do me a favor?
(能否帮我一个忙?)
5)We cannot do without a telephone in our business.
(我们做生意没有电话是不行的。)
6)The new teacher didn't know what to do with the class.
(新老师不知道如何对待他班上的学生。)
7)I did nothing but watch TV last night.
(昨晚我除了看电视以外什么也没有做。)
8)Who does your hair?
(平常是谁给你做头发的?)
②make“作”，表示“制造”，其后的宾语是make的产品。如make clothes 制做衣服;make后常跟一些可数名词常与make动词搭配的短语有：
①make a
②make an
③make
④make
例句：
1) They have make great progress in learning10 English.
(在学习英语方面他们已经取得了很大的进步。)
2)Who is going to make a speech today?
(今天谁来演说?)
3)Don't make a noise.
嘘!(不要出声。)
4)She makes her living as a teacher.
(她作教师来维持生计。)
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