托福阅读句意解释题答题策略
在备考托福阅读之前，最为重要的除了词汇和句型的掌握之外，就是托福的阅读中的各种题型的解题技巧。在以下的内容中，小站教育将为大家带来关于句意解释题的解答方法，希望对于题型的解答方法能为大家的备考带来帮助。
【解题技巧】实例讲解托福阅读句意解释题答题策略
在托福阅读中，有一类题目就是用自己的语言来改写文章中的句子或者段落，以不同的方式重新陈述另一句话，这样的题目，也通常被称为句意解释题也有人称其为变换措辞题。其答题的关键要点就是保留其内容，而不改变原来句子的意思。应对这样类型的题目，我们有应对策略呢?下面为大家进行详细的分析一下。
这类型题目的题干表达为：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
解决这类题目的三种方法：
第一种：在保持原句序基本不变的前提下进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;
第二种：在句序不变的前提下再进行重点词汇或者词组的同义替换;
第三种：对原句进行总结性重复。
下面我们通过一个例子来看这些方法的具体应用：
Small marketers should be less concerned with whether U.S. and European consumers are alike and more concerned with monitoring the variety of factors that account for potential similarities and differences. Attention to the dynamic nature of those factors will produce opportunities for the alert marketer.
Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A marketer who is not so smart should be more concerned with the difference of eating habits between U.S. and European consumers and less concerned with monitoring the variety of factors that account for potential similarities and differences.
It is not important whether U.S. and European consumers have a similar eating habit. I t is the potential similarities and differences that people should be more concerned with.
Marketers should focus on the factors that account for difference rather than the difference themselves.
Monitoring the variety of foods could explain the potential similarities and differences.
解题：
首先，我们来分析这个句子，整个主句的主语为Small-marketers，谓语为be-concerned-with，宾语为factors，这个分析完成之后，我们采用同意替换的方法，替换其中的重点词组-谓语be concerned with，其同义词为focus on。这样替换完之后把两个句子的意思进行比较，得出正确答案C。这道题目采用了第一种方法。
托福阅读真题
Prehistoric mammoths have been preserved in the famous tar pits of Rancho La Brea (Brea is the Spanish word for tar) in what is now the heart of Los Angeles, California. These tar pits have been known for centuries and were formerly mined for their natural asphalt, a black or brown petroleum-like substance. Thousands of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil remains. Major excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site. The tar pits were found to contain the remains of scores of species of animals from the last 30,000 years of the Ice Age.
Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated and tangled masses. The creatures found range from insects and birds to giant ground sloth's, but a total of 17 proboscides (animals with a proboscis or long nose) — including mastodons and Columbian mammoths — have been recovered, most of them from Pit 9, the deepest bone-bearing deposit, which was excavated in 1914. Most of the fossils date to between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago.
The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust. Unwary animals would become trapped on these thin sheets of liquid asphalt, which are extremely sticky in warm weather. Stuck, the unfortunate beasts would die of exhaustion and hunger or fall prey to predators that often also became stuck.
As the animals decayed, more scavengers would be attracted and caught in their turn. Carnivores greatly outnumber herbivores in the collection: for every large herbivore, there is one saber-tooth cat, a coyote, and four wolves. The fact that some bones are heavily weathered shows that some bodies remained above the surface for weeks or months. Bacteria in the asphalt would have consumed some of the tissues other than bones, and the asphalt itself would dissolve what was left, at the same time impregnating and beautifully preserving the saturated bones, rendering them dark brown and shiny.
1. What aspect of the La Brea tar pits does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The amount of asphalt that was mined there
(B) The chemical and biological interactions between asphalt and animals
(C) The fossil remains that have been found there
(D) Scientific methods of determining the age of tar pits
2. In using the phrase the heart of Los Angeles in line 2, the author is talking about the city's
(A) beautiful design
(B) central area
(C) basic needs
(D) supplies of natural asphalt
3. The word noticed in line 5 closest in meaning to
(A) predicted
(B) announced
(C) corrected
(D) observed
4. The word tangled in line 10 is closest in meaning to
(A) buried beneath
(B) twisted together
(C) quickly formed
(D) easily dated
5. The word them in line 13 refers to
(A) insects
(B) birds
(C) cloths
(D) proboscideans
6. How many proboscideans have been found at the La Brea tar pits?
(A) 9
(B) 17
(C) 1.5 million
(D) 2.5 million
7. The word concealed in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) highlighted
(B) covered
(C) transformed
(D) contaminated
8. Why does the author mention animals such as coyotes and wolves in paragraph 4?
(A) To give examples of animals that are classified as carnivores
(B) To specify the animals found least commonly at La Brea
(C) To argue that these animals were especially likely to avoid extinction.
(D) To define the term scavengers
学习英语心得
一次听课，感受颇多，几点感受，浅谈如下：
一、教师必须彻底改变过去那种传统的教学理念，还课堂于学生。
此次听课期间，我能感受到在教学的各个环节，如：课堂的评价、学生的讨论展示、学术助理轮流主持课堂、学科长组织讨论和收集讨论结果，都能直接体现“学生参与的热情”。在“高效课堂”教学模式中，我们应该抛弃传统的教学理念，充分调动学生的参与意识和参与热情，让学生自主学习。
二、教师要充分的运用好“评价机制”和“激励机制”，激发学生的兴趣。
“兴趣是最好的老师”，在结构化预习、问题生成、课堂展示等各个环节，都需要学生提前做好准备，这就需要我们运用好“评价机制”和“激励机制”，充分调动起学生的“求知”“爱学”的欲望，充分调动“小组成员之间的竞争意识”，促使他们“想学、乐学、善学”。英语学科课堂教学评价应坚持两个标准“参与率、精彩度”，按照这两个标准进行课堂评价。
三、结构化预习必须得到落实
结构化预习必须放在课前，由学生利用课余时间自主进行预习。充分的课前预习是一节课成功的重要保障。
四、多渠道产生问题。
除了教师预设的问题意外，鼓励学生自主生成问题，而是由学生自己生成问题，留在课堂上请求其它小组帮组解决。留在本小组，还应注重组建交流。
五：树立团队意识。
座谈中了解到，横水的老师也采用的是集体备课的方式，和我们一样，都有课时的分工，但和我们不同的是，他们导学案的编写并不是独立完成所分内容，而是每一课都要同科老师共同商讨完成，这样导学案的实用性就更强了。他们的周反思也是如此。
六：氛围营造很重要。
在横水，从跨进校门的那一刻起，从校园标语到教室布置，从学法指导到成果交流，无一不体现出高效课堂的氛围，
以上就是我此次出外学习听课的一些收获和体会，相信必会对“高效课堂”课改实验的推进起到良好的作用。在以后的课堂实践中，我将会用心领悟，大胆尝试，力争创出我校英语学科的特色。
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