为什么你托福学了那么久，成绩却没有进步

楚薇2分享 2024-01-29 11:49:52

为什么你托福学了那么久，成绩却没有进步?这是什么原因造成的，下面小编就给大家分享一下，希望大家看了这篇文章会有所收获！

为什么你托福学了那么久，成绩却没有进步?

以下人物纯属虚构，请勿对号入座。

背景信息：小A自学了几个月托福，临近考试，想再突击一下，开始跟我学习托福阅读。

我：感觉经过这几个月的学习，阅读水平有提升吗?

A：有，感觉好多了，文章读的比以前明白了，做题速度也快了。

我：词汇量有提升?

A：嗯嗯，词汇特别明显，我这几个月一直在背单词，现在生词少多了。

我：那句子呢?

A：你之前让我标读不懂的句子，每篇文章都能找出三四个句子，现在句子现在基本都能读懂了。

曾经的我，特别单纯，问到这里已经开始窃喜了：虽然这一切都是小A自己的努力的结果，但是将来出分了，功劳全都会算在我头上，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈!!!!!!

现在我成熟了，扶了一下眼镜，接着问：

我：做题正确率有进步吗?以前每篇错几道题?现在每篇错几道题?

A露出尴尬的微笑：以前每篇错4，5个吧，现在好像还是4，5个。

其实我在家长反馈群里看到了最近模考记录，平均每篇错6道题。但是学生这么说并不是故意撒谎，而是出于人类美化自己的天性，可以理解。关键是答题正确率一点没进步，却感觉自己英语水平已经突飞猛进，这让我非常担忧。很多学生都有这种幻觉，有些学生甚至考完试都还没醒悟过来呢。拿着成绩单来找我申诉：“老师，这不可能，肯定是给我批错了，阅读13分你敢信吗?” 我很想告诉他：“你考个位数我都敢信。”

跑偏了，接着提问。

我：好，接下来先来检查一下你整理的生词，都背过了是吧?

A面露难色：背倒是背过了，就怕现在已经忘了。(还没检查呢，已经开始找借口了，不是好兆头，虽然学霸们也会这么说，但是他们只是为了显得谦虚。)

检查结果惨不忍睹，10个单词错8个，学生很尴尬，不顾自己感受开始安慰我，被我强行打住。

我：下面我们来讲讲你的错题，错题都搞明白了是吗?(这儿我是明知故问，因为之前已经问过好多次了，学生都说没问题)

A：嗯，都明白了。

我：好，你来讲一下第2题吧，为什么选A?

A：@#￥%……&_)——!~_，所以选A。

我：我跟你说实话吧，这道题小站解析错了，其实选B。

A：对嘛，我之前就是选的B，但是解析写的是A，唉~，我就是太相信解析了。

我：好的，那你来解释一下B吧。

A：读完这一段自然就选出来了嘛~

我：好的，那你把这段内容给我翻译一下吧。

A：(沉默了一会)老师，我读是能读懂，但是吧，表达不太出来，反正就是那个意思。

我：好的，那你来分析一下最后两句话之间是什么关系。

A：呃，是解释关系?

我：说实话，你觉得这两句话有关系吗?

A：其实没什么关系，说的根本就不是一回事。

我：那你看最后一句话为什么有also。

A: 哦哦哦，我明白了，是并列关系，上一句话说C导致A，这一句话说B也导致了A。并列嘛

我：是不是进一步解释了A，正好对应B选项。

A：对嘛，刚才我就是这么想的。

我花了10分钟，也没能让A意识到，其实这道题他一开始根本不会。这就是他学了这多长时间根本没有进步的原因。

读完一篇文章，哪怕你就只认识了一个新单词，搞懂了一个新的句式结构，掌握了一种新的修辞手法，也算是进步了。

但是很多同学呢，都做了100篇文章了，一个新句式也没掌握，一种新的修辞手法也没学会。

其实每遇到一个不懂的句子，就是一次进步的机会，掌握了这个句式，英语水平就往前进了一步。可惜很多人意识不到文章中很多句子自己没读懂，所以英语始终原地踏步。

同样的，他也意识不到很多自己做错的题，其实根本没搞懂。解析说该选A，他觉得A特别有道理，如果我告诉他其实应该选B，他也觉得对对对，确实选B。如果我再告诉他其实B也不对，C选项最好。他也会说，确实是C最好，对应到第5行嘛，我其实一开始就想选C来着。三种解析他都看懂了，也就意味着这道题他根本不懂。但是他意识不到自己不懂，所以只能原地踏步。

这就涉及到英语学习方法论的问题了。简单总结就是八个字，“刻意练习，微小改进。”

为什么你做了100篇文章没有进步呢?因为只有“练习”，没有“改进”。你都意识不到自己的问题，怎么改进呢。

这时候，老师的作用就体现出来了。我来帮你改进，我来告诉你，其实few这个词你理解错了，它不表示少数，它是否定词表示没有。我来告诉你anxiety gift shopping causes for consumers.

这句话你理解错了，gift shopping causes for consumers是修饰anxiety的定语从句，有时候定语从句会省略that连接词。我来告诉你这道题你没搞懂，修辞题考察句间逻辑，这两句话的逻辑关系你没有分析出来。also表示并列关系，这两句话共同支持前文的观点。

这样，你每做一篇文章，英语水平就会往前挪一小步。

每天一篇，再练100篇，你觉得成绩还会原地踏步吗?

托福阅读的三步破题法

托福阅读中完全可以不要熟悉原文，只要你会分析主谓宾，就可以选出。但是在托福阅读中这种方法只针对结构为总分结构的文章才有效(占50%的考题)，需要特别注意。托福阅读中首先大家得知道这题主要考察的是文章的MAIN IDEA和文字的SUB IDEA，对文章的TOPIC没有一点解题关系。

解题步骤：

托福阅读第1步：区分TOPIC/MI(黑体句)

TOPIC：概念/研究对象。(可从文章的题目看出)

MI：作者对TOPIC的看法/结论/发现/关系/描述/意图。(仅对TOPIC做解释的选项通常是错的)

托福阅读第2步：回原文定位MI.

MI：前三段的段首或者段末出现。

具有以下特点：a,转折句。(HOWEVER,BUT等) b，设问句。(自问自答) c，首段末句—》结论，科学发现。 d，因果句。 e,明显分类描述/明显数量概述/复数名词。

托福阅读第3步：各段的首句/各段的开始部分—sub idea。

4.筛选答案。(技巧)

1).MI/SI的统一改写。(概括性语言)

2).对MI的支持。支持：重现MI的完整关系，概念对应展开!

3)分清主谓宾!重点!!!

把给出的黑体字句子的主谓宾列出来~简单的列为_(主语)+_(谓语)+_(宾语)。

则可以把所有的MI句子写成一个数学的函数表示公式：

MI: F(x)=A(x[主语])+B(x[谓语])+C(x[宾语])

则那么所有的SI为MI公式的一个根：

SI:F(1)=A(1[主语的分支])+B(1[谓语动词不变或者为同义词])+C(1[宾语不变])。

则那么下面给出的6个选项只要按照SI的公式对应比较就能知道是否为正确答案，无需知道文章说了什么，只要分析选项的主谓宾是否是对MI的一个分支的扩展，并且造成的结果一样就能选出正确的答案了。

例子：

OG第一篇阅读：THE ORIGINS OF CETACEANS的13-14题。

这道题的MI黑体字句子是：this passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceans-whales,porpises,and dolphins.

分析主谓宾可以知道：fossil(主语)+help to explain(谓语)+origins of cetaceans(宾)

然后看答案。

1.recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show the link between land mamals and cetaceans.

很容易的划出主干： fossils(主语的分支) +helped to show(谓语动词理解一样) +the link(宾语一致)

所以1正确。

2.the discovery of A__ provided evidence for a whale that lived both on land and at sea.

划出主干：A_x(化石，又是MI主语的分支)+ provided evidence (谓语动词理解一样)+宾语

所以2也正确。

5.fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found。

主干：fossils(MI主语的分支)+were found(因为找到所以提供的证据，帮助理解，和MI谓语动词理解一样)

所以5也正确。

在托福阅读当中，对于初学者来说最难的不是单词，而是考试时间不足，因此很多同学在一开始做托福阅读的时候，十分不适应托福的时间限制，有的人甚至在考前都没有克服这个问题，所以在考前找到一个适合自己的托福阅读方法是至关重要的。

托福阅读真题训练1

PASSAGE 7

As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland.

Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation.

Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.

Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants' side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.

One of the reasons Philadelphia's merchants generally prospered was because the

surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Philadelphia's agriculture importance

(B) Philadelphia's development as a marketing center

(D) The administration of the city of Philadelphia

2. It can be inferred from the passage that new markets opened in Philadelphia because

(A) they provided more modem facilities than older markets

(B) the High Street Market was forced to close

(D) farmers wanted markets that were closer to the farms.

3. The word hinterland in line 3 is closest in meaning to

(A) tradition

(B) association

(D) region

4. The word it in line 6 refers to

(A) the crowded city

(B) a radius

(D) the period

5. The word persisted in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) returned

(B) started

(D) continued

6. According to the passage , fairs in Philadelphia were held

(A) on the same day as market says

(B) as often as possible

(D) whenever the government allowed it

7. It can be inferred that the author mentions Linens and stockings in line 12 to show that they were items that

(A) retail merchants were not willing to sell

(B) were not available in the stores in Philadelphia

(D) could easily be transported

8. The word eradicate in line 15 is closest in meaning to

(A) eliminate

(B) exploit

(D) operate

9. What does the author mean by stating in lines 15-16 that economic development was on the merchants' side ?

(A) Merchants had a strong impact on economic expansion.

(B) Economic forces allowed merchants to prosper.

(D) Specialty shops near large markets were more likely to be economically successful.

10. The word undergoing in line 21 is closest in meaning to

(A) requesting

(B) experiencing

(D) including

托福阅读真题训练2

PASSAGE 8

The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds a plethora of climbing mammals of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, and porcupines.

Smaller species, including such rodents as mice and small squirrels, are not as prevalent overall in high tropical canopies as they are in most habitats globally.

Small mammals, being warm blooded, suffer hardship in the exposed and turbulent environment of the uppermost trees. Because a small body has more surface area per unit of weight than a large one of similar shape, it gains or loses heat more swiftly. Thus, in the trees,where shelter from heat and cold may be scarce and conditions may fluctuate, a small mammal may have trouble maintaining its body temperature.

Small size makes it easy to scramble among twigs and branches in the canopy for insects,flowers, or fruit, but small mammals are surpassed, in the competition for food, by large ones that have their own tactics for browsing among food-rich twigs. The weight of a gibbon (a small ape) hanging below a branch arches the terminal leaves down so that fruit-bearing foliage drops toward the gibbon's face. Walking or leaping species of a similar or even larger size access the outer twigs either by snapping off and retrieving the whole branch or by clutching stiff branches with the feet or tail and plucking food with their hands.

Small climbing animals may reach twigs readily, but it is harder for them than for large climbing animals to cross the wide gaps from on tree crown to the next that typify the high canopy. A macaque or gibbon can hurl itself farther than a mouse can: it can achieve a running start, and it can more effectively use a branch as a springboard, even bouncing on a climb several times before jumping. The forward movement of a small animal is seriously reduced by the air friction against the relatively large surface area of its body. Finally, for the many small mammals that supplement their insect diet with fruits or seeds, an inability to span open gaps between tree crowns may be problematic, since trees that yield these foods can be sparse.

1. The passage answers which of the following questions?

(A) How is the rain forest different from other habitats?

(B) How does an animal's body size influence an animal's need for food?

(D) Why do large animals tend to dominate the upper canopy of the rain forest?

2. Which of the following animals is less common in the upper canopy than in other environments?

(A) Monkeys

(B) Cats

(D) Mice

3. The word they in line 4 refers to

(A) trees

(B) climbing mammals of moderately large size

(D) high tropical canopies

4. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small mammals in the rain

forest?

(A) They have body shapes that are adapted to live in the canopy.

(B) They prefer the temperature and climate of the canopy to that of other environments.

(D) They use the trees of the canopy for shelter from heat and cold.

5. In discussing animal size in paragraph 3, the author indicates that

(A) small animals require proportionately more food than larger animals do

(B) a large animal's size is an advantage in obtaining food in the canopy

(D) small animals and large animals are equally adept at obtaining food in the canopy

6. The word typify in line 19 is closest in meaning to

(A) resemble

(B) protect

(D) divide

7. According to paragraph 4, what makes jumping from one tree crown to another difficult for

small mammals?

(A) Air friction against the body surface

(B) The thickness of the branches

(D) The inability to use the front feet as hands

8. The word supplement in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) control

(B) replace

(D) add to

9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?

(A) canopy (line 1)

(B) warm blooded (line 5)

(D) springboard (line 21)

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