GRE阅读理解绿皮书答案及翻译整理

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GRE阅读理解绿皮书答案及翻译： Exercise 64

This is not to deny that the Black gospel music of the

early twentieth century differed in important ways from the

slave spirituals. Whereas spirituals were created and

disseminated in folk fashion, gospel music was composed,

published, copyrighted, and sold by professionals.

Nevertheless, improvisation remained central to gospel music.

One has only to listen to the recorded repertoire of gospel

songs to realize that Black gospel singers rarely sang a song

precisely the same way twice and never according to its exact

musical notation. They performed what jazz musicians call

"head arrangements" proceeding from their own feelings and

from the way "the spirit" moved them at the time. This

improvisatory element was reflected in the manner in which

gospel music was published. (122 words)

1.The author mentions "folk fashion" most likely in order to

(A) counter an assertion about the role of improvisation

in music created by Black people

(B) compare early gospel music with gospel music

written later in the twentieth century

(C) make a distinction between gospel music and

slave spirituals

(D) introduce a discussion about the dissemination of

slave spirituals

(E) describe a similarity between gospel music and

slave spirituals

10.Of the following sentences, which is most likely to

have immediately preceded the passage?

(A) Few composers of gospel music drew on traditions

such as the spiritual in creating their songs.

(B) Spirituals and Black gospel music were derived

from the same musical tradition.

(C) The creation and singing of spirituals, practiced by

Black Americans before the Civil War, continued

after the war.

(D) Spirituals and gospel music can be clearly

distinguished from one another.

(E) Improvisation was one of the primary characteristics

of the gospel music created by Black musicians.

1.文章在做两者的比较，提出其中一种的特点，目的也还是为了比较;答案C;

B 选项无中生有的多了一个限定;

2. 一直说丌同点，那么前一段正常来讲会说相同点，答案B;

GRE阅读理解绿皮书答案及翻译： Exercise 71

Although the development of new infrastructure (such public facilities as power plants, schools, and bridges) is usually determined by governmental planning, sometimes this development can be planned more flexible and realistically by private investors who anticipate profit from the collection of user fees…..During the economic boom of the 1980s, for example…The unwillingness of investors to finance this project does not negate the viability of privately financed roads, rather, it illustrates a virtue of private financing.

The primary purpose of the passage

(a)Build a case for increasing the development of new infrastructure

(b)Advocate an alternative to government financing of infrastructure

(c)Explain the failure of a privately financed venture

(d)Suggest the types of infrastructure most appropriate for private financing

(e)Argue against government restrictions on developing new infrastructure

首先我们需要花1分钟左右来预览这篇小文章。预览的要求很简单，不要陷入我上面提到的3大误区(完美主义、过于追求文章的理解、过于追求文章中长难句的语法分析)，考生重点关注的应该是确定信息的层次感，即确定那些信息是主要的文章观点和重要考试逻辑点，那么信息是文中的细节例子等支持性信息。第一句中根据Although这个词我们就知道这里是一个让步逻辑，所以这句话应该是重要的逻辑考点。第二句话根据标志词 “for example”考生就应该明确这句话是相对细节例子，所以可以略读或者跳读。第三句话中出现了 “rather”这个词就知道这里有一个明显的转折，那么很有可能这句话是一句作者观点了，下面考生只要预测作者的观点是相对正还是相对负就可以了。后面这句话中有一个明显的 “virtue”, 这个词是美德的意思，那么这里可以解释为优点的意思，所以作者在这里的观点应该是相对为正。所以这句话为作者的主要观点，而对应后面最有可能的题型是应该是目的题。

下面我们来看一道题，The primary purpose of the passage，这道题是考察的是目的，所以和文章的观点的直接相关，刚才考生其实已经在最后一句话中读到了作者的主要观点virtue为相对正。

(a)Build a case for increasing the development of new infrastructure

(b)Advocate an alternative to government financing of infrastructure

(c)Explain the failure of a privately financed venture

(d)Suggest the types of infrastructure most appropriate for private financing

(e)Argue against government restrictions on developing new infrastructure

a选项没有观点正负给出

b选项有一个关键词advocate,这个词对应了文中的 “virtue”, 选项中的alternative to government对应了文中的 “private financing”, 因此b是正确答案

c选项的观点用词是failure, 意思就是绝对反对private financing，这与文中作者观点正好矛盾，所以排除

d这个选项没有观点正负所以

e Argue against 是反对的意思，与文中作者 “virtue” 相对正向观点矛盾, 另外government restrictions与文中的 “private financing” 不对应，因此不选。

其实总结一下可以看出，具有观点相对正负的选项在这里正好是有3个，所以a和d这两个没有观点相对正负的选项是可以不用考虑的。根据文中观点的相对正负方向以及对象的确定，最终考生可以轻松确定b为正确答案。这样其实在读文章的时候就和后面的做题构建成了一种观点和逻辑层面的相似性，这样可以很大程度上提高考生对于题干的理解能力并降低错误选项的干扰性。这个时候我们就算第二次回归原文的话，我们也能明确的定位并确定答案，而不是茫然于无数GRE生词和长难句中去寻找答案了。

GRE阅读高频词汇分享1

Ban 禁止

Binary 二进制的

Biochemical 生物化学的

Blob 颜料，涂料

Broadly 概括地

Capillary 毛细血管

Capitalistic 资本主义的

Carbonate 碳酸盐

Categorize 分类

Catholic 天主教的

Causal 原因的，构成因果的

Cerebral 大脑的

Choreographer 编舞者

Clash 冲突

Climatological 天气学的

Cline 渐变群，生态群

Codify 整理，使系统化

Cognitive 认知的

Coherence 连贯性

Coherently 前后一致地

Comparatively 相对地

Compensation 补偿

Competitor 竞争者

Concomitant 相伴的，附随的

Condescend 屈尊;以施舍者般高高在上的态度对待

Conducive 有助于…的

Conform 使…一致

Confrontation 冲突

Conifer 针叶树

Consciously 有意地

Consecutive 连续的

Consequent 随之发生的

Conspicuous 引人注目的，明显的

Constellation 星座，星群

Contraction 收缩

Convincingly 令人信服地

Cooperation 合作

Counteract 抵消

Cytoplasm 细胞质

Defenseless 无防御能力的

Deficient 不充分的

Deformation 变形

Degradation 降解

Degrade 降解

GRE阅读高频词汇分享2

Absurd 不合理的，奇怪的

Accentuate 强调

Accessibility 可达性，可及性

Accompaniment 伴奏

Acknowledgement 承认

Acquaint 熟知，了解

Activist 政治激进主义者

Adaptability 适应性

Adjacent 邻近的

Adjustment 调整

Admonish 告诫

Adulthood 成年

Aerodynamic 空气动力学的

Aesthetically 从美学观点上

Affirm 证实

Akin 类似的

Albeit 尽管

Align 调整，排列

Alignment 结盟

Alkali 碱

Allusion 暗示

Ambivalent 矛盾的，正反感情并存的

Amnestic 遗忘的

Ancestral 祖先的，祖传的

Anthropological 人类学的

Antipathy 憎恶，反感

Antiquity 古代

Appeasement 平息，缓和

Appraise 评价

Appropriateness 恰当性

Apt 易于…的

Arbitrarily 任意地

Archaeology 考古学

Archaic 古代的

Archival 档案的

Ascribe 认为，把…归于

Assault 抨击

Astound 使…震惊

Asymmetric 不对称的

Aurora 极光

Authentic 真实的，可信的

Authorial 作者的

Avoidance 避免

Bacterium 细菌

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