托福阅读备考之长难句分析集锦
在托福阅读考试中，最让大家为难的是长难句了。对长难句阅读要学会化繁为简，才有助于托福阅读的答题；下面小编给大家带来托福阅读备考之长难句分析集锦，供大家参考学习。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析：二战之后的加拿大
托福阅读长难句：二战之后的加拿大
Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth.
(倒装结构Basic to any understanding…is…)
要理解二战之后20年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。
分句1：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War
分句2：is
分句3：the country's impressive population growth
分句1，2，3共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是3，2，1，即：该句的正常语序是The country's impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War.
本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是is.
托福阅读备考之长难句分析：深海底部环境
托福阅读长难句：深海底部环境
Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.
(定语后置in some ways…)
【译句】由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。
分句1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures
分句2：hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface
分句3：the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans
分句4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space
分句2修饰分句1结尾的短语intense pressures，
分句1是分句3的状语
分句3是整个长句子的主句
分句4是分句3的后置定语，修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans
主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析：石油天然气的形成
It is not surprising, therefore, that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years—young enough so that little of the petroleum has leaked away—and that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years. (TPO43, 65)
大家自己先读，不回读，看一遍是否能理解
托福阅读长难句分析：
It is not surprising,therefore, (that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years)—young enough so that little of the petroleum has leaked away—and (that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years). (TPO43, 65)
这个句子的结构：
It is not surprising that 从句 and that 从句
主要就是两个从句，然后中间有一个破折号隔开
修饰一：(that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years)，从句
中文：油藏和气藏的数量与沉积物总量的比率最高出现在年龄不超过250万年的岩石中
修饰二：(that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65million years)，从句
大家注意，能不能来理解这个从句中的discovered?先想想看。
其实，这个句子中还有一个非谓语动词修饰成分，that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas (discoveredso far) has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years
中文：约60%的石油和天然气都被发现在过去650万年形成的岩层中
托福阅读长难句参考翻译：
因此，毫无意外，油藏和气藏的数量与沉积物总量的比率最高出现在年龄不超过250万年的岩石中——岩石还很新，以至于很少的石油泄露——而目前为止发现的约60%的石油和天然气都被发现在过去650万年形成的岩层中。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和非谓语动词，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析：城区土地扩展
托福阅读长难句：城区土地扩展
The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled what we now know as urban sprawl.
(宾语从句what we now know as)
现在可以获得这些环绕几乎每个大城市边缘地区的土地，这一可能性激发了一场房地产开发的热潮并造成了我们现在称为城区无计划扩展的现象。
分句1：The new accessibility of land around the periphery of almost every major city sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled
分句2：what we now know as urban sprawl
分句2嵌套在分句1里，即分句1是主句，分句2是宾语从句，主句结构经过精简应该是The new accessibility of land sparked an explosion of real estate development and fueled urban sprawl.
整句话的谓语动词是 sparked 和 fueled, 两个并列的动词。
本句的理解困难还来自于抽象词fuel，它作为名词的含义广为人知，是能源、燃料，作为动词的时候的意思就可以引申为(供给燃料)激发，促使、造成。
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