考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译
经济，一直以来在考研英语中，大家在阅读理解的题型上觉得遇到的次数多么?下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译，供大家参阅!
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：OPTIONS AHOY
Why investors like Korean blue chips
DESPITE the world economic downturn, South Korea's stockmarket has this year outperformed those of all other countries bar Russia. Its composite stock pri
ce index (Kospi) has risen by more than 25% since January 1st. The rally, which has been driven by foreign buying, is expected to continue next year, for two reasons: encouraging economic fundamentals, and the introduction of derivatives so beloved of the world's hedge funds.
On January 28th next year the Korea Stock Exchange is due to introduce option contracts on the shares of seven listed companies: SK Telecom, Korea Electric Power, Korea Telecom, Samsung Electronics, Hyundai Motor, Pohang Iron & Steel and Kookmin Bank. And as early as July, the Financial Supervisory Commission is expected to allow investment banks to sell over-the-counter derivatives, such as equity or interest-rate swaps. Trading volume on the exchange will increase accordingly, says Lee Wonki at Merrill Lynch. Foreigners hold nearly 90 trillion won ( billion) of Korean shares, 37% of the market. Their slice of the trading of Kospi 200 index futures and options rose to 10% this year, from about 5% a year ago. But the Kospi index, covering 200 companies, is not the best way to hedge foreign portfolios, which are invested mainly in the seven blue-chip shares. Yet derivatives alone will not sustain Korean equities unless the economy turns around. There are signs that it has reached bottom, with real GDP estimated to have grown by at least 2.8% this year (slower than last year but higher than earlier forecasts of 2% or less). Jin Nyum, the finance minister, predicts that, although exports may suffer next year if the Japanese yen continues to fall, domestic demand and public spending will help real GDP to grow near to the country's full potential of 5%.
Some analysts argue that the recent market rise has been caused by investors' blind faith in bank and technology shares. The latter rallied last month, but then hesitated as Micron, an American memory-chip maker, blew hot and cold on taking a stake in or allying with Hynix, Korea's debt-laden maker of memory chips.
Nevertheless, the rally is likely to continue, says Koh Wonjong, of SG Securities in Seoul. That is because South Korea's industries are more diversified--into information technology, cars, shipbuilding, steel and services--than those of other Asian countries. In Taiwan, telecoms, media and technology shares account for 80% of the market.
The restructuring of some big companies, such as Hynix and Daewoo Motor, remains incomplete, as does bank reform. But the past four years of financial and corporate change may soon pay off. For many companies, balance-sheet problems have turned into the need to measure profits, a far more welcome task.
Economist; 12/22/2001, Vol. 361 Issue 8253, p86, 1/2p, 1 graph
词汇注释
bar prep. 除…之外
rally n. 重整;(市场价格) 回升，跌后复升;恢复健康; 振作精神;集会, 大会;汽车赛会
over-the-counter【证券】 (不通过交易所)买卖双方直接交易的，场外交易的(每位买者或卖者都是经过协议与议价来达成股票的买卖)
option n. 选择权, [经]买卖的特权
interest-rate swap 利率掉期;利率调期
won [wCn] n. [sing., pl. ]圆(南北朝鲜的货币单位)
index futures 指数期货
hedge n. [经]对冲
blow hot and cold (on, about) 出尔反尔;三心二意; 反复无常; 拿不定主意
stake [steIk] n. (木头或金属的)柱，桩;股份;利害关系
have [take] a stake in sth. 与某事有利害关系，与…休戚相关
debt-laden 债台高筑的
pay off 还清;偿清;报复;偿还;结清工资解雇(某人);成功
参考译文
选择权在招手
为什么投资者对韩国蓝筹股情有独钟?
尽管世界经济不景气, 但今年南韩的股市行情却比除俄国以外其他国家的股市都好。自1月1日以来，韩国股市的综合股价指数(Kospi)上升了25%。因外国股东购买股票而使韩国股市跌后复升的情况明年还有望持续下去，原因有二：它遵循令人鼓舞的经济基本法则;引入了为世界对冲基金所钟爱的衍生工具。
明年1月28日，韩国的证券交易所就将引入以下七家上市公司股票选择权契约：SK电信、韩国电力、韩国电信、三星电子、现代汽车、浦项钢铁和韩国国民银行。7月份，预计金融监督管理委员会允许投资银行出售场外衍生工具，如股权或利率调期。证券市场的交易额也将相应增加, 美林集团总裁Lee Wonki说。外国股东持有近90兆韩圆(700亿美元)的韩国股票, 占整个股市的37%。他们的综合股价指数200期货和选择权的交易额从一年前的约5%上升到今年的10%。但涉及200个公司的韩国综合股价指数不是限制外国股票投资的最好方式。
外国投资者的投资方向主要集中在七个蓝筹股上。单衍生工具一项并不能支撑得起韩国的权益股本，除非经济明显好转。有迹象显示，韩国的经济已降至谷底，今年韩国真实的国内生产总值估计至少增长了2.8%(低于去年的水平，但高于原先预测的2%或以下)。韩国财政部长陈稔预言，虽然出口明年也许会受一些损失，但如果日元继续下跌，国内需求和政府开支将有助于真实的国内生产总值增长到全国全部潜能的5%。
有些分析人员争辩说，最近的市场攀高是由于投资者轻率盲目相信了银行和科技股造成的。后者(科技股)上个月跌后复升, 但随后又像美光科技(美国的一家内存芯片生产厂家)那样出现徘徊不前的局面，这使那些与现代(韩国债台高筑的内存芯片制造商)利害相关或与之结盟的投资者拿不定主意。
然而, 股市上升走势可能还会继续下去, 设在汉城的SG证券Koh Wonjong说，这是因为南韩的产业界比其它亚洲国家的产业界更具多样化——它有信息技术、汽车、造船、钢铁和服务业等行业，而在台湾，电信、媒介和技术股占了整个股市的80%。
对某些大公司——譬如现代和大宇汽车——的重组像银行改革一样尚不完善。但过去四年金融界和产业界所发生的变化不久可能会初见成效。对许多公司而言，资产负债表(问题处理)法已经成为衡量利润的需要，一项更合时宜的任务。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：Clattering over a moonscape
The great railway revival
THE train was running late, but the 35 aboriginal children who had travelled for two hours through the South Australian desert to meet it did not seem to
mind. It was, after all, Australia’s and one of the world’s most unusual train journeys. When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.
Watson is a red desert moonscape on the Nullarbor Plain at the eastern end of the world’s longest stretch of straight rail track, 478km (297 miles). This is a mere one-tenth of the 4,352km, three-day journey the train was making between Sydney on Australia’s east coast and Perth on the west coast. The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances. But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.
After threatening to close the loss-making Indian Pacific, the federal government in Canberra sold it and the Ghan, another outback passenger train, to Great Southern Railway (GSR), a British-owned private consortium, in 1997. GSR has now turned a first-year loss of Am (m) into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike. One innovation was to send the Indian Pacific on a whistle-stop Christmas run taking gifts and music to the outback. This year’s journey, the fifth, with impromptu concerts at remote sidings by Jimmy Barnes, an Australian rock star, drew the biggest crowds so far. Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.
The Ghan’s revival on the north-south transcontinental line has been even more remarkable. The 65,000-plus passengers it carried through the Northern Territory in 2004 were 60% more than in the previous year. Public interest grew after the opening of a new line between Alice Springs and Darwin, allowing people to make the two-day journey from Adelaide by rail for the first time. GSR plans to double the Ghan’s frequency in 2005.
The railway revival still has inefficiencies to overcome. The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts. Though most of the line is straight and flat, speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.
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Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p54-54, 2/5p
注(1)：本文选自Economist; 12/18/2004, p54-54, 2/5p;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1;
1.What was the Indian Pacific like before its selling to GSR?
[A]It always posed a threat to the federal government.
[B]It was mainly used for carrying cargos.
[C]It almost broke down and collapsed.
[D]It helped Australia conquer its vast land.
2.Which of the following is not true about “the Indian Pacific”?
[A]It was not popular with passengers with its low speed.
[B]It used to be a symbol of Australia’s conquest of its vast distance.
[C]It almost disappeared because of the air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railway.
[D]Many ways have been adopted to revive it.
3.The main idea of paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 is that __________.
[A]what is the use of reviving the railway
[B]what effect the revival of the railway has brought about
[C]how to deal with the difficulties in the development of railway
[D]how the measures are adopted to revive the collapsing railways
4.What benefit can the revival of the railway bring to some remote and rural area?
[A]It can bring happiness to the children there.
[B]It can help develop the economy.
[C]It can lessen the burden of the government.
[D]It can bring a lot of job opportunities.
5.What difficulty is the Indian Pacific facing today?
[A]The train goes so slowly that many people will not take it.
[B]The space for developing the Indian Pacific is not large enough.
[C]The frequency of using the single track line is low.
[D]Carrying passengers is less profitable than carrying the freight.
答案：CADBC
篇章剖析
本文介绍了澳大利亚一些通往内地的乘客列车由于某些原因几乎陷入关闭的境地，现在澳大利亚正在掀起复兴铁路的热潮。第一段介绍了世界上最不寻常的一次火车旅行;第二段指出曾一度是澳大利亚征服这片辽阔疆域的标志的列车它们现在的境遇;第三段和第四段指出复兴这些铁路所采取的措施;第五段指出这些列车所面临的一些问题。
词汇注释
clatter vi, vt. 发出得得、卡嗒、丁当、哗啦啦、格格等响声;嘁嘁喳喳讲话;(车轮转动时)发出急促的敲击声
moonscape n. 月的表面(景色);月面似的荒凉景色
grind vi. 磨, 碾, 研; 磨碎[光、快];磨擦得嘎嘎响;刻苦用功
siding [5saidiN] n. (=sidetrack)(铁路)旁轨, 岔道, 侧线
transcontinental adj. 横贯大陆的, 大陆那边的, <主加拿大>横穿大路的列车(或铁路)
rendition [ren5dIF(E)n] n.表演, 演唱, 翻译
Nullarbor [`nQlEbR:(r)] Plain 纳勒博平原[澳大利亚西南部](火箭制造基地和试验场)
Perth 珀斯(也译佩思)(澳大利亚西南一城市)
predecessor [5pri:dIsesE(r); (?@) 5predEsesEr] n.前辈, 前任, (被取代的)原有事物
provision [prE5vIV(E)n] n.供应, (一批)供应品，补给物;预备, 防备, 规定
outback [5aJtbAk] n.内地, (指澳大利亚等偏僻而人口稀少的地方)
neglect n. (常与of连用)疏忽;忽略;被忽略的状况;被忽略的事实
the Indian Pacific, the Ghan and the Overlander, The Great Southern Railway均为澳大利亚铁路线的名称，分别是“印度太平洋”、“甘”、“陆地旅行” 和“大南方铁路” 等线路。
distance n. 宽阔的区域，一片没有指定界限的空间
rolling stock n. 机车车辆(铁路或汽车运输公司的)车辆(总称)，全部车辆
whistle-stop n. (AmE.) (铁路沿线的)小镇;(竞选演说旅途中的)游说;短暂停留(露面或发表简短演说)
run n. 短期旅行或访问;为公共职位而进行的竞选
wind [waInd] down 松开(发条) 使放松下来;把(汽车玻璃)摇下;失去势头; 减速; 松劲，渐减能量、强度或范围上渐渐减少
lifeblood n.生命必须的血液, 活力的源泉，命脉，生命线
难句突破
1.When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.
主体句式：the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song …
结构分析：“when”引导时间状语从句，其中“grind to a halt”的意思是“慢慢停 了下来”，“a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line”是“Watson”的同位语;主句中词组“burst into”的意思是“ 突然出现”，“Feliz Navidad”是“a Spanish Christmas song”的同位语，“as”引导时间状语从句。
句子译文：当这列印第安大西洋旅客列车终于在沃森车站——澳大利亚横穿大路铁路的侧线——嘎的一声停下来时，圣诞老人下车开始分发礼物，此时，这些孩子开始欢快地唱起了一首西班牙圣诞节歌曲——《白色圣诞节》。
2.GSR has now turned a first-year loss of Am (m) into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike.
主体句式：GSR has now turned a first-year loss of Am (m) into a small operating profit…
结构分析：本句是一个简单句，关键是理解介词“by”之后所跟单词的含义。
句子译文：“大南方铁路”采取了一系列整顿措施，包括修复机车车辆、雇佣年轻、具备多种技能、未参加工会的乘务人员、向当地居民和旅游者重新进行市场宣传等。通过这些措施，它不仅初步扭转了亏损局面，填补了高达2千万澳元(1.5千万美元)的第一年亏损额，还获得少量营业利润。
题目分析
1.答案为C，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是“But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.”
2.答案为A，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是“speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.”。列车实行的限速意味着这条线路对于有紧急公务在身的乘客并不适合，并不是针对所有乘客。
3.答案为D ，属主旨大意题。第三段和第四段主要指出为复兴这些铁路所做出的努力和尝试。
4.答案为B，属事实细节题。从句子“The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances.”我们可看出这些火车都是开往偏远的内地社区的。句子“Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.”告诉我们布罗肯希尔这个偏远地区的小镇现在正借“印第安号”旅行乘客的东风大力发展经济命脉。
5.答案为C，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts.”。
参考译文
卡嗒卡嗒越过荒凉之地
伟大的铁路复兴
火车在晚点运行, 但坐了二个小时火车穿越南澳大利亚沙漠的35个土著居民的孩子似乎对此毫不介意。这毕竟是澳大利亚也是世界上最不寻常的一次火车旅行。当这列印第安大西洋旅客列车终于在沃森车站——澳大利亚横穿大路铁路的侧线——嘎的一声停下来时，圣诞老人下车开始分发礼物，此时，这些孩子开始欢快地唱起了一首西班牙圣诞节歌曲——《白色圣诞节》。
沃森火车站是纳勒博平原上一个荒凉的红色沙漠景点，位于世界上最长的直线铁路(478km 或297英里)东线的末端。这仅仅是从澳大利亚东部海岸的悉尼到西部海岸珀斯长达4,352公里的三天旅程的十分之一。“印第安大西洋”和它以前的列车，如曾经向与世隔绝的内地社区运送供应物资的“茶糖列车”, 曾一度是澳大利亚征服这片辽阔疆域的标志，但在上个世纪90年代以前, 航空旅行以及包括联邦政府和州政府在内的铁路所有者对澳大利亚铁路的忽视几乎扼杀了这条最后的横贯东西的旅客列车线路。
在堪培拉联邦政府扬言要关闭长期亏损的印第安大西洋铁路线之后，它于1997 年把印第安大西洋线路和另一条澳洲内地旅客列车线路——甘铁路——卖给了一家英国人拥有的私有财团——“大南方铁路(GSR)”。“大南方铁路”采取了一系列整顿措施，包括修复机车车辆、雇佣年轻、具备多种技能、未参加工会的乘务人员、向当地居民和旅游者重新进行市场宣传等。通过这些措施，它不仅初步扭转了亏损局面，填补了高达2千万澳元(1.5千万美元)的第一年亏损额，还获得少量营业利润。其中一项创举是安排“印第安大西洋号”列车沿着铁路线做圣诞节短期宣传访问，把圣诞礼物和音乐带给澳大利亚偏僻的内地。今年的圣诞之行是这一创举的第五次出行，它带给遥远铁路侧线各地居民的是澳大利亚摇滚明星吉米•巴尼斯出演的即兴音乐会。这次宣传访问吸引了成千上万的观众，观众人数是迄今为止最多的。布罗肯希尔是新南威尔士西部的一个小镇。自从当地的大型银矿、铅矿和锌矿开采的势头开始下降以来，这个小镇一直在苦苦挣扎寻找发展出路。现在，它正借“印第安号”旅行乘客的东风大力发展经济命脉。
甘线铁路是南北横贯大陆铁路线上的一条侧线，它的复兴更显得非同寻常，引人瞩目。2004年，它在北领地承载的旅客量达到65,000多人，比上一年增加60%。自从在丽斯斯普林斯和达尔文之间新建了一条铁路线后，人们第一次可以从阿德莱德坐火车进行两日游，这使公众出游的兴趣大增。2005年，“大南方铁路”计划将乘坐甘线列车的乘客人次增加一倍。
复兴铁路仍有许多效率低下的情况需要克服。印第安大西洋铁路为唯一一条铁路线上的空间进行竞争。这条线路上的列车运载澳大利亚东部和西部沿海之间地区的80%货物。尽管这条线路的大部分路段笔直平坦, 但这条线路上对列车实行的限速则意味着这条线路并不适合于紧急公务在身的乘客。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：Plumper
How does the country’s economy compare with those of the EU?
SOME of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are
economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.
Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".
Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons (along with red tape and corruption) why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment (as a percentage of GDP) is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached class="con">
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译
One deterrent to foreign investors is due to disappear on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six noughts will be removed from the face value of the lira; one unit of the local currency will henceforth be worth what 1m are now-ie, about €0.53 (
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译
经济，一直以来在考研英语中，大家在阅读理解的题型上觉得遇到的次数多么?下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译，供大家参阅!
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：OPTIONS AHOY
Why investors like Korean blue chips
DESPITE the world economic downturn, South Korea's stockmarket has this year outperformed those of all other countries bar Russia. Its composite stock pri
ce index (Kospi) has risen by more than 25% since January 1st. The rally, which has been driven by foreign buying, is expected to continue next year, for two reasons: encouraging economic fundamentals, and the introduction of derivatives so beloved of the world's hedge funds.
On January 28th next year the Korea Stock Exchange is due to introduce option contracts on the shares of seven listed companies: SK Telecom, Korea Electric Power, Korea Telecom, Samsung Electronics, Hyundai Motor, Pohang Iron & Steel and Kookmin Bank. And as early as July, the Financial Supervisory Commission is expected to allow investment banks to sell over-the-counter derivatives, such as equity or interest-rate swaps. Trading volume on the exchange will increase accordingly, says Lee Wonki at Merrill Lynch. Foreigners hold nearly 90 trillion won ($70 billion) of Korean shares, 37% of the market. Their slice of the trading of Kospi 200 index futures and options rose to 10% this year, from about 5% a year ago. But the Kospi index, covering 200 companies, is not the best way to hedge foreign portfolios, which are invested mainly in the seven blue-chip shares. Yet derivatives alone will not sustain Korean equities unless the economy turns around. There are signs that it has reached bottom, with real GDP estimated to have grown by at least 2.8% this year (slower than last year but higher than earlier forecasts of 2% or less). Jin Nyum, the finance minister, predicts that, although exports may suffer next year if the Japanese yen continues to fall, domestic demand and public spending will help real GDP to grow near to the country's full potential of 5%.
Some analysts argue that the recent market rise has been caused by investors' blind faith in bank and technology shares. The latter rallied last month, but then hesitated as Micron, an American memory-chip maker, blew hot and cold on taking a stake in or allying with Hynix, Korea's debt-laden maker of memory chips.
Nevertheless, the rally is likely to continue, says Koh Wonjong, of SG Securities in Seoul. That is because South Korea's industries are more diversified--into information technology, cars, shipbuilding, steel and services--than those of other Asian countries. In Taiwan, telecoms, media and technology shares account for 80% of the market.
The restructuring of some big companies, such as Hynix and Daewoo Motor, remains incomplete, as does bank reform. But the past four years of financial and corporate change may soon pay off. For many companies, balance-sheet problems have turned into the need to measure profits, a far more welcome task.
Economist; 12/22/2001, Vol. 361 Issue 8253, p86, 1/2p, 1 graph
词汇注释
bar prep. 除…之外
rally n. 重整;(市场价格) 回升，跌后复升;恢复健康; 振作精神;集会, 大会;汽车赛会
over-the-counter【证券】 (不通过交易所)买卖双方直接交易的，场外交易的(每位买者或卖者都是经过协议与议价来达成股票的买卖)
option n. 选择权, [经]买卖的特权
interest-rate swap 利率掉期;利率调期
won [wCn] n. [sing., pl. ]圆(南北朝鲜的货币单位)
index futures 指数期货
hedge n. [经]对冲
blow hot and cold (on, about) 出尔反尔;三心二意; 反复无常; 拿不定主意
stake [steIk] n. (木头或金属的)柱，桩;股份;利害关系
have [take] a stake in sth. 与某事有利害关系，与…休戚相关
debt-laden 债台高筑的
pay off 还清;偿清;报复;偿还;结清工资解雇(某人);成功
参考译文
选择权在招手
为什么投资者对韩国蓝筹股情有独钟?
尽管世界经济不景气, 但今年南韩的股市行情却比除俄国以外其他国家的股市都好。自1月1日以来，韩国股市的综合股价指数(Kospi)上升了25%。因外国股东购买股票而使韩国股市跌后复升的情况明年还有望持续下去，原因有二：它遵循令人鼓舞的经济基本法则;引入了为世界对冲基金所钟爱的衍生工具。
明年1月28日，韩国的证券交易所就将引入以下七家上市公司股票选择权契约：SK电信、韩国电力、韩国电信、三星电子、现代汽车、浦项钢铁和韩国国民银行。7月份，预计金融监督管理委员会允许投资银行出售场外衍生工具，如股权或利率调期。证券市场的交易额也将相应增加, 美林集团总裁Lee Wonki说。外国股东持有近90兆韩圆(700亿美元)的韩国股票, 占整个股市的37%。他们的综合股价指数200期货和选择权的交易额从一年前的约5%上升到今年的10%。但涉及200个公司的韩国综合股价指数不是限制外国股票投资的最好方式。
外国投资者的投资方向主要集中在七个蓝筹股上。单衍生工具一项并不能支撑得起韩国的权益股本，除非经济明显好转。有迹象显示，韩国的经济已降至谷底，今年韩国真实的国内生产总值估计至少增长了2.8%(低于去年的水平，但高于原先预测的2%或以下)。韩国财政部长陈稔预言，虽然出口明年也许会受一些损失，但如果日元继续下跌，国内需求和政府开支将有助于真实的国内生产总值增长到全国全部潜能的5%。
有些分析人员争辩说，最近的市场攀高是由于投资者轻率盲目相信了银行和科技股造成的。后者(科技股)上个月跌后复升, 但随后又像美光科技(美国的一家内存芯片生产厂家)那样出现徘徊不前的局面，这使那些与现代(韩国债台高筑的内存芯片制造商)利害相关或与之结盟的投资者拿不定主意。
然而, 股市上升走势可能还会继续下去, 设在汉城的SG证券Koh Wonjong说，这是因为南韩的产业界比其它亚洲国家的产业界更具多样化——它有信息技术、汽车、造船、钢铁和服务业等行业，而在台湾，电信、媒介和技术股占了整个股市的80%。
对某些大公司——譬如现代和大宇汽车——的重组像银行改革一样尚不完善。但过去四年金融界和产业界所发生的变化不久可能会初见成效。对许多公司而言，资产负债表(问题处理)法已经成为衡量利润的需要，一项更合时宜的任务。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：Clattering over a moonscape
The great railway revival
THE train was running late, but the 35 aboriginal children who had travelled for two hours through the South Australian desert to meet it did not seem to
mind. It was, after all, Australia’s and one of the world’s most unusual train journeys. When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.
Watson is a red desert moonscape on the Nullarbor Plain at the eastern end of the world’s longest stretch of straight rail track, 478km (297 miles). This is a mere one-tenth of the 4,352km, three-day journey the train was making between Sydney on Australia’s east coast and Perth on the west coast. The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances. But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.
After threatening to close the loss-making Indian Pacific, the federal government in Canberra sold it and the Ghan, another outback passenger train, to Great Southern Railway (GSR), a British-owned private consortium, in 1997. GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ($15m) into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike. One innovation was to send the Indian Pacific on a whistle-stop Christmas run taking gifts and music to the outback. This year’s journey, the fifth, with impromptu concerts at remote sidings by Jimmy Barnes, an Australian rock star, drew the biggest crowds so far. Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.
The Ghan’s revival on the north-south transcontinental line has been even more remarkable. The 65,000-plus passengers it carried through the Northern Territory in 2004 were 60% more than in the previous year. Public interest grew after the opening of a new line between Alice Springs and Darwin, allowing people to make the two-day journey from Adelaide by rail for the first time. GSR plans to double the Ghan’s frequency in 2005.
The railway revival still has inefficiencies to overcome. The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts. Though most of the line is straight and flat, speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p54-54, 2/5p
注(1)：本文选自Economist; 12/18/2004, p54-54, 2/5p;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1;
1.What was the Indian Pacific like before its selling to GSR?
[A]It always posed a threat to the federal government.
[B]It was mainly used for carrying cargos.
[C]It almost broke down and collapsed.
[D]It helped Australia conquer its vast land.
2.Which of the following is not true about “the Indian Pacific”?
[A]It was not popular with passengers with its low speed.
[B]It used to be a symbol of Australia’s conquest of its vast distance.
[C]It almost disappeared because of the air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railway.
[D]Many ways have been adopted to revive it.
3.The main idea of paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 is that __________.
[A]what is the use of reviving the railway
[B]what effect the revival of the railway has brought about
[C]how to deal with the difficulties in the development of railway
[D]how the measures are adopted to revive the collapsing railways
4.What benefit can the revival of the railway bring to some remote and rural area?
[A]It can bring happiness to the children there.
[B]It can help develop the economy.
[C]It can lessen the burden of the government.
[D]It can bring a lot of job opportunities.
5.What difficulty is the Indian Pacific facing today?
[A]The train goes so slowly that many people will not take it.
[B]The space for developing the Indian Pacific is not large enough.
[C]The frequency of using the single track line is low.
[D]Carrying passengers is less profitable than carrying the freight.
答案：CADBC
篇章剖析
本文介绍了澳大利亚一些通往内地的乘客列车由于某些原因几乎陷入关闭的境地，现在澳大利亚正在掀起复兴铁路的热潮。第一段介绍了世界上最不寻常的一次火车旅行;第二段指出曾一度是澳大利亚征服这片辽阔疆域的标志的列车它们现在的境遇;第三段和第四段指出复兴这些铁路所采取的措施;第五段指出这些列车所面临的一些问题。
词汇注释
clatter vi, vt. 发出得得、卡嗒、丁当、哗啦啦、格格等响声;嘁嘁喳喳讲话;(车轮转动时)发出急促的敲击声
moonscape n. 月的表面(景色);月面似的荒凉景色
grind vi. 磨, 碾, 研; 磨碎[光、快];磨擦得嘎嘎响;刻苦用功
siding [5saidiN] n. (=sidetrack)(铁路)旁轨, 岔道, 侧线
transcontinental adj. 横贯大陆的, 大陆那边的, <主加拿大>横穿大路的列车(或铁路)
rendition [ren5dIF(E)n] n.表演, 演唱, 翻译
Nullarbor [`nQlEbR:(r)] Plain 纳勒博平原[澳大利亚西南部](火箭制造基地和试验场)
Perth 珀斯(也译佩思)(澳大利亚西南一城市)
predecessor [5pri:dIsesE(r); (?@) 5predEsesEr] n.前辈, 前任, (被取代的)原有事物
provision [prE5vIV(E)n] n.供应, (一批)供应品，补给物;预备, 防备, 规定
outback [5aJtbAk] n.内地, (指澳大利亚等偏僻而人口稀少的地方)
neglect n. (常与of连用)疏忽;忽略;被忽略的状况;被忽略的事实
the Indian Pacific, the Ghan and the Overlander, The Great Southern Railway均为澳大利亚铁路线的名称，分别是“印度太平洋”、“甘”、“陆地旅行” 和“大南方铁路” 等线路。
distance n. 宽阔的区域，一片没有指定界限的空间
rolling stock n. 机车车辆(铁路或汽车运输公司的)车辆(总称)，全部车辆
whistle-stop n. (AmE.) (铁路沿线的)小镇;(竞选演说旅途中的)游说;短暂停留(露面或发表简短演说)
run n. 短期旅行或访问;为公共职位而进行的竞选
wind [waInd] down 松开(发条) 使放松下来;把(汽车玻璃)摇下;失去势头; 减速; 松劲，渐减能量、强度或范围上渐渐减少
lifeblood n.生命必须的血液, 活力的源泉，命脉，生命线
难句突破
1.When the Indian Pacific passenger train finally ground to a halt at Watson, a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line, the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song, "Feliz Navidad", as Father Christmas disembarked to distribute gifts.
主体句式：the children burst into a rendition of a Spanish Christmas song …
结构分析：“when”引导时间状语从句，其中“grind to a halt”的意思是“慢慢停 了下来”，“a siding on Australia’s transcontinental line”是“Watson”的同位语;主句中词组“burst into”的意思是“ 突然出现”，“Feliz Navidad”是“a Spanish Christmas song”的同位语，“as”引导时间状语从句。
句子译文：当这列印第安大西洋旅客列车终于在沃森车站——澳大利亚横穿大路铁路的侧线——嘎的一声停下来时，圣诞老人下车开始分发礼物，此时，这些孩子开始欢快地唱起了一首西班牙圣诞节歌曲——《白色圣诞节》。
2.GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ($15m) into a small operating profit by restoring rolling stock, hiring young, multi-skilled, non-unionised crews and re-marketing the trains to locals and tourists alike.
主体句式：GSR has now turned a first-year loss of A$20m ($15m) into a small operating profit…
结构分析：本句是一个简单句，关键是理解介词“by”之后所跟单词的含义。
句子译文：“大南方铁路”采取了一系列整顿措施，包括修复机车车辆、雇佣年轻、具备多种技能、未参加工会的乘务人员、向当地居民和旅游者重新进行市场宣传等。通过这些措施，它不仅初步扭转了亏损局面，填补了高达2千万澳元(1.5千万美元)的第一年亏损额，还获得少量营业利润。
题目分析
1.答案为C，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是“But by the 1990s, air travel and the neglect of Australia’s railways by their federal and state-government owners almost killed the last east-west passenger train.”
2.答案为A，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是“speed limitations mean this is not a journey for anyone in a hurry.”。列车实行的限速意味着这条线路对于有紧急公务在身的乘客并不适合，并不是针对所有乘客。
3.答案为D ，属主旨大意题。第三段和第四段主要指出为复兴这些铁路所做出的努力和尝试。
4.答案为B，属事实细节题。从句子“The Indian Pacific and its predecessors, such as the Tea and Sugar Train that took provisions to isolated outback communities, were once symbols of Australia’s conquest of its vast distances.”我们可看出这些火车都是开往偏远的内地社区的。句子“Broken Hill, a town in western New South Wales struggling since its big silver, lead and zinc mine started winding down, now relies on the Indian Pacific’s tourist passengers for economic lifeblood.”告诉我们布罗肯希尔这个偏远地区的小镇现在正借“印第安号”旅行乘客的东风大力发展经济命脉。
5.答案为C，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“The Indian Pacific competes for space on the single track with trains that carry 80% of the freight between Australia’s east and west coasts.”。
参考译文
卡嗒卡嗒越过荒凉之地
伟大的铁路复兴
火车在晚点运行, 但坐了二个小时火车穿越南澳大利亚沙漠的35个土著居民的孩子似乎对此毫不介意。这毕竟是澳大利亚也是世界上最不寻常的一次火车旅行。当这列印第安大西洋旅客列车终于在沃森车站——澳大利亚横穿大路铁路的侧线——嘎的一声停下来时，圣诞老人下车开始分发礼物，此时，这些孩子开始欢快地唱起了一首西班牙圣诞节歌曲——《白色圣诞节》。
沃森火车站是纳勒博平原上一个荒凉的红色沙漠景点，位于世界上最长的直线铁路(478km 或297英里)东线的末端。这仅仅是从澳大利亚东部海岸的悉尼到西部海岸珀斯长达4,352公里的三天旅程的十分之一。“印第安大西洋”和它以前的列车，如曾经向与世隔绝的内地社区运送供应物资的“茶糖列车”, 曾一度是澳大利亚征服这片辽阔疆域的标志，但在上个世纪90年代以前, 航空旅行以及包括联邦政府和州政府在内的铁路所有者对澳大利亚铁路的忽视几乎扼杀了这条最后的横贯东西的旅客列车线路。
在堪培拉联邦政府扬言要关闭长期亏损的印第安大西洋铁路线之后，它于1997 年把印第安大西洋线路和另一条澳洲内地旅客列车线路——甘铁路——卖给了一家英国人拥有的私有财团——“大南方铁路(GSR)”。“大南方铁路”采取了一系列整顿措施，包括修复机车车辆、雇佣年轻、具备多种技能、未参加工会的乘务人员、向当地居民和旅游者重新进行市场宣传等。通过这些措施，它不仅初步扭转了亏损局面，填补了高达2千万澳元(1.5千万美元)的第一年亏损额，还获得少量营业利润。其中一项创举是安排“印第安大西洋号”列车沿着铁路线做圣诞节短期宣传访问，把圣诞礼物和音乐带给澳大利亚偏僻的内地。今年的圣诞之行是这一创举的第五次出行，它带给遥远铁路侧线各地居民的是澳大利亚摇滚明星吉米•巴尼斯出演的即兴音乐会。这次宣传访问吸引了成千上万的观众，观众人数是迄今为止最多的。布罗肯希尔是新南威尔士西部的一个小镇。自从当地的大型银矿、铅矿和锌矿开采的势头开始下降以来，这个小镇一直在苦苦挣扎寻找发展出路。现在，它正借“印第安号”旅行乘客的东风大力发展经济命脉。
甘线铁路是南北横贯大陆铁路线上的一条侧线，它的复兴更显得非同寻常，引人瞩目。2004年，它在北领地承载的旅客量达到65,000多人，比上一年增加60%。自从在丽斯斯普林斯和达尔文之间新建了一条铁路线后，人们第一次可以从阿德莱德坐火车进行两日游，这使公众出游的兴趣大增。2005年，“大南方铁路”计划将乘坐甘线列车的乘客人次增加一倍。
复兴铁路仍有许多效率低下的情况需要克服。印第安大西洋铁路为唯一一条铁路线上的空间进行竞争。这条线路上的列车运载澳大利亚东部和西部沿海之间地区的80%货物。尽管这条线路的大部分路段笔直平坦, 但这条线路上对列车实行的限速则意味着这条线路并不适合于紧急公务在身的乘客。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：Plumper
How does the country’s economy compare with those of the EU?
SOME of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are
economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.
Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".
Resilience has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons (along with red tape and corruption) why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment (as a percentage of GDP) is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached $1 billion (whereas Ireland attracted over $25 billion in 2003, as did Brazil in every year from 1998 to 2000).
One deterrent to foreign investors is due to disappear on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six noughts will be removed from the face value of the lira; one unit of the local currency will henceforth be worth what 1m are now-ie, about €0.53 ($0.70). Goods will have to be priced in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, but foreign bankers and investors can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p115-115, 2/5p
注(1)：本文选自Economist;12/18/2004, p115-115, 2/5p;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿2004年真题text 1第1题和第3题(1，3)，2001年真题text 1第2题(2)，1999年真题text 2第2题(4)和2002年真题text 3第4题(5);
1.What is Turkey’s economic situation now?
[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.
[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.
[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.
[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.
2.We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.
[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members
[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high
[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate
[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU
3.The word “oscillated” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means_________.
[A] fell
[B] climbed
[C] developed
[D] swang
4.Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.
[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries
[B] it does not have much influence on Turkey’s economic progress
[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract more foreign direct investment
[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment
5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.
[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better
[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira
[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value
[D] prices of goods will go up
答案：C B D C A
篇章剖析
本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其的经济状况。第一段将土耳其的经济情况和其他几个欧盟新成员国的经济情况进行了一下对比，说明土耳其的经济状况并非如人们担心的那样糟糕;第二段对土耳其这几年的经济增长情况进行了简要介绍;第三段说明土耳其的经济缺乏弹性以及由此带来的影响;最后一段说明妨碍投资者的一个因素即将消失。
词汇注释
GDP: 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)
accession: [Ak5seFEn] n. 添加, 增加
OECD: 经合，经济合作与发展组织 (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)
resilience: [rI5zIlIEns] n. 弹回, 有弹力, 恢复力,
oscillate: [5Csileit]v. 振荡
electrocardiogram: [IlektrEJ5kB:dIEJ^rAm] n. .[医]心电图, 心动电流图(略作ECG)
inflow: [5inflEu] n. 流入, 流入物
deterrent: [di5tE:rEnt] n. 阻碍物
nought: [nC:t] n. 无, 零
lira: [5liErE] n. 里拉
juggle: [5dVQ^l] v. (常与with连用)耍杂耍
indeterminate: [7indi5tE:minit] adj. 在程度、体积、性质或数量上没有准确确定的
难句突破
But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.
主体句式：it is not far off that…and it is much the same as..
结构分析：这是一个复杂句，句子主体结构是一个并列句，在第一个并列分句里有一个which引导的定语从句修饰new members，在第二个并列分句里有一个which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰Bulgaria and Romania，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰accession talks。
句子译文：但是和2004年5月1日加入欧盟的十个新成员国之一(拉脱维亚)相比，土耳其差得并不算太远，而和本周刚刚完成加入欧盟的谈判，并将在2007年1月获得完全成员地位的两个国家，保加利亚和罗马尼亚相比则相差无几。
题目分析
1. 答案为C，属事实细节题。根据文章第二段，土耳其的经济发展“十分惊人”。接着载第二行，作者以数据说明土耳其本年度第二季度的GDP增长“no EU country comes close to matching”，可见其经济发展速度超过任何欧盟成员。
2. 答案为B，属推理判断题。根据文章第二段“土耳其得通货膨胀率自1972年以来首次跌进各位数”可知，以前的通货膨胀率都在两位数甚至更多，是非常高的数字。
3. 答案为D，属猜词题。这个词的意思可以根据文中第三段所用的明喻判断出来。文中说，整个1990年代，土耳其的GDP增长就好像“遭受了猛烈的心脏病发作时的心电图一样”，可见GDP增长时高时低，峰谷之间的差异较大，所以oscillated最有可能的意思就是“摆动，震荡”，只有A中的swang意思与之相符。
4. 答案为C，属推理判断题。根据文章第三段，GDP的不规律性是导致土耳其难以吸引外国直接投资的主要原因，可见稳定的GDP增长有助于土耳其吸引更多的外国直接投资。
5. 答案为A，属推理判断题。文章在第一段和第二段介绍土耳其快速的经济增长。第三段分析了过去不能吸引急需的外国直接投资的主要原因之一：经济发展不规律性。文章最后一段介绍了将取消妨碍外国投资者的一个因素。并在文章最末提到：“外国银行家和投资人现在可以期待今后在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串数不清的零了”。由此可见，土耳其的外国投资环境将变得更好。
参考译文
土耳其加入欧盟的申请将于12月17日在欧盟部长会议上进行表决，围绕该申请的一些顾虑就是经济问题，尤其是该国的相对贫困问题。其人均GDP还不足2004年之前欧盟15国人均GDP的三分之一。但是和2004年5月1日加入欧盟的十个新成员国之一(拉脱维亚)相比，土耳其差得并不算太远，而和本周刚刚完成加入欧盟的谈判，并将在2007年1月获得完全成员地位的两个国家，保加利亚和罗马尼亚相比则相差无几。
不但如此，用经济合作和发展组织秘书长唐纳德·约翰斯顿的话来说，该国最近的经济发展“十分惊人”。本年度第二季度的GDP比去年增长了13.4%，这样的增长速度是任何欧盟成员国都无法匹敌的。土耳其的通货膨胀率最近刚从1972年以来首次跌进各位数，本周该国刚刚同国际货币基金组织达成一项新的为期三年，总额100亿美元的经济项目协议，按照国际货币基金执行总裁罗德里戈·莱托的说法，这一项目将会“帮助土耳其…把通货膨胀率降到欧盟水平，并且增加其经济弹性。”
历史上该国经济并没有很强的韧性。近期如2001年，它的GDP下降超过7%。而1994年，下降超过5%，1999年仅比5%略低。的确，在整个1990年代，该国的经济就好像一次猛烈的心脏病发作的心电图记录那样来回摆动。这种不规律性是导致该国很难吸引其急需的外国直接投资的主要原因之一(另外还有繁琐的公事程序和腐败)。现在这类投资总额(作为GDP的一个百分点)比1980年代的时候还要低，而每年的外资流入量很少能够达到10亿美元(爱尔兰仅2003年一年就吸引外资超过250亿美元，而巴西从1998年到2000年每年的外资流入量都达到了这个数字。)
从2005年1月1日起，一个妨碍外国投资者的因素将会消失。到那一天，土耳其将取消其公民自称为百万富翁的权利。里拉的面值里将减少六个零;这样，当地货币的每个货币单位将和现在的1百万里拉等值---也就是0.53欧元(0.70美元)左右。商品将在一整年内用新旧里拉同时定价，但外国银行家和投资人现在可以期待今后在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串数不清的零了。
看过考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译的人还看了：
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Economist; 12/18/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8406, p115-115, 2/5p
注(1)：本文选自Economist;12/18/2004, p115-115, 2/5p;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿2004年真题text 1第1题和第3题(1，3)，2001年真题text 1第2题(2)，1999年真题text 2第2题(4)和2002年真题text 3第4题(5);
1.What is Turkey’s economic situation now?
[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.
[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.
[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.
[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.
2.We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.
[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members
[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high
[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate
[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU
3.The word “oscillated” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means_________.
[A] fell
[B] climbed
[C] developed
[D] swang
4.Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.
[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries
[B] it does not have much influence on Turkey’s economic progress
[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract more foreign direct investment
[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment
5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.
[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better
[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira
[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value
[D] prices of goods will go up
答案：C B D C A
篇章剖析
本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其的经济状况。第一段将土耳其的经济情况和其他几个欧盟新成员国的经济情况进行了一下对比，说明土耳其的经济状况并非如人们担心的那样糟糕;第二段对土耳其这几年的经济增长情况进行了简要介绍;第三段说明土耳其的经济缺乏弹性以及由此带来的影响;最后一段说明妨碍投资者的一个因素即将消失。
词汇注释
GDP: 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)
accession: [Ak5seFEn] n. 添加, 增加
OECD: 经合，经济合作与发展组织 (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)
resilience: [rI5zIlIEns] n. 弹回, 有弹力, 恢复力,
oscillate: [5Csileit]v. 振荡
electrocardiogram: [IlektrEJ5kB:dIEJ^rAm] n. .[医]心电图, 心动电流图(略作ECG)
inflow: [5inflEu] n. 流入, 流入物
deterrent: [di5tE:rEnt] n. 阻碍物
nought: [nC:t] n. 无, 零
lira: [5liErE] n. 里拉
juggle: [5dVQ^l] v. (常与with连用)耍杂耍
indeterminate: [7indi5tE:minit] adj. 在程度、体积、性质或数量上没有准确确定的
难句突破
But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.
主体句式：it is not far off that…and it is much the same as..
结构分析：这是一个复杂句，句子主体结构是一个并列句，在第一个并列分句里有一个which引导的定语从句修饰new members，在第二个并列分句里有一个which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰Bulgaria and Romania，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰accession talks。
句子译文：但是和2004年5月1日加入欧盟的十个新成员国之一(拉脱维亚)相比，土耳其差得并不算太远，而和本周刚刚完成加入欧盟的谈判，并将在2007年1月获得完全成员地位的两个国家，保加利亚和罗马尼亚相比则相差无几。
题目分析
1. 答案为C，属事实细节题。根据文章第二段，土耳其的经济发展“十分惊人”。接着载第二行，作者以数据说明土耳其本年度第二季度的GDP增长“no EU country comes close to matching”，可见其经济发展速度超过任何欧盟成员。
2. 答案为B，属推理判断题。根据文章第二段“土耳其得通货膨胀率自1972年以来首次跌进各位数”可知，以前的通货膨胀率都在两位数甚至更多，是非常高的数字。
3. 答案为D，属猜词题。这个词的意思可以根据文中第三段所用的明喻判断出来。文中说，整个1990年代，土耳其的GDP增长就好像“遭受了猛烈的心脏病发作时的心电图一样”，可见GDP增长时高时低，峰谷之间的差异较大，所以oscillated最有可能的意思就是“摆动，震荡”，只有A中的swang意思与之相符。
4. 答案为C，属推理判断题。根据文章第三段，GDP的不规律性是导致土耳其难以吸引外国直接投资的主要原因，可见稳定的GDP增长有助于土耳其吸引更多的外国直接投资。
5. 答案为A，属推理判断题。文章在第一段和第二段介绍土耳其快速的经济增长。第三段分析了过去不能吸引急需的外国直接投资的主要原因之一：经济发展不规律性。文章最后一段介绍了将取消妨碍外国投资者的一个因素。并在文章最末提到：“外国银行家和投资人现在可以期待今后在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串数不清的零了”。由此可见，土耳其的外国投资环境将变得更好。
参考译文
土耳其加入欧盟的申请将于12月17日在欧盟部长会议上进行表决，围绕该申请的一些顾虑就是经济问题，尤其是该国的相对贫困问题。其人均GDP还不足2004年之前欧盟15国人均GDP的三分之一。但是和2004年5月1日加入欧盟的十个新成员国之一(拉脱维亚)相比，土耳其差得并不算太远，而和本周刚刚完成加入欧盟的谈判，并将在2007年1月获得完全成员地位的两个国家，保加利亚和罗马尼亚相比则相差无几。
不但如此，用经济合作和发展组织秘书长唐纳德·约翰斯顿的话来说，该国最近的经济发展“十分惊人”。本年度第二季度的GDP比去年增长了13.4%，这样的增长速度是任何欧盟成员国都无法匹敌的。土耳其的通货膨胀率最近刚从1972年以来首次跌进各位数，本周该国刚刚同国际货币基金组织达成一项新的为期三年，总额100亿美元的经济项目协议，按照国际货币基金执行总裁罗德里戈·莱托的说法，这一项目将会“帮助土耳其…把通货膨胀率降到欧盟水平，并且增加其经济弹性。”
历史上该国经济并没有很强的韧性。近期如2001年，它的GDP下降超过7%。而1994年，下降超过5%，1999年仅比5%略低。的确，在整个1990年代，该国的经济就好像一次猛烈的心脏病发作的心电图记录那样来回摆动。这种不规律性是导致该国很难吸引其急需的外国直接投资的主要原因之一(另外还有繁琐的公事程序和腐败)。现在这类投资总额(作为GDP的一个百分点)比1980年代的时候还要低，而每年的外资流入量很少能够达到10亿美元(爱尔兰仅2003年一年就吸引外资超过250亿美元，而巴西从1998年到2000年每年的外资流入量都达到了这个数字。)
从2005年1月1日起，一个妨碍外国投资者的因素将会消失。到那一天，土耳其将取消其公民自称为百万富翁的权利。里拉的面值里将减少六个零;这样，当地货币的每个货币单位将和现在的1百万里拉等值---也就是0.53欧元(0.70美元)左右。商品将在一整年内用新旧里拉同时定价，但外国银行家和投资人现在可以期待今后在土耳其再不用快速心算一串串数不清的零了。
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