高考英语题型全国卷2017(2)
D
We are not who we think we are.
The American self-image is spread with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what count, not the circumstances of one’s birth.
The Economic Mobility Project, an ambitious research led by Pew Charitable Trusts, looked at the economic fortunes of a large group of families over time, comparing the income of parents in the late 1960s with the income of their children in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Here is the finding: The “rags to riches” story is much more common in Hollywood than on Main Street. Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.
That is right, just 6 percent of children born to parents who ranked in the bottom of the study sample, in terms of income, were able to bootstrap their way into the top . Meanwhile, an incredible 42 percent of children born into that lowest are still stuck at the bottom, having been unable to climb a single rung of the income ladder.
It is noted that even in Britain—a nation we think of as burdened with a hidebound(守旧的) class system—children who are born poor have a better chance of moving up. When the studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.
One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to(归功于) the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true for African-Americans.
The picture that emerges from all the quintiles, correlations and percentages is of a nation in which, over all, “the current generation of adults is better off than the previous one”, as one of the studies notes.
The median income of the families in the sample group was ,600 in the late 1960s; their children’s median family income was measured at ,900. However, this rising tide has not lifted all boats equally. The rich have seen far greater income gains than have the poor.
Even more troubling is that our nation of America as the land of opportunity gets little support from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is “stickiness at the ends”—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out of ten who are born rich will stay rich.
32. What did the Economic Mobility Project find in its research?
A. Children from low-income families are unable to bootstrap their way to the top.
B. Hollywood actors and actresses are upwardly mobile from rags to riches.
C. The rags to riches story is more fiction than reality.
D. The rags to riches story is only true for a small minority of whites.
33. It can be inferred from the undertone(潜台词) of the writer that America, as a classless society, should________.
A. perfect its self-image as a land of opportunity
B. have a higher level of upward mobility than Britain
C. enable African-Americans to have exclusive access to well-paid employment
D. encourage the current generation to work as hard as the previous generation
34. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The US is a land where brains, energy and ambition are what count
B. Inequality persists between whites and blacks in financial gains.
C. Middle-class families earn slightly less with inflation considered.
D. Children in lowest-income families manage to climb a single rung of the ladder.
35. What might be the best title for this passage?
A. Social Upward Mobility. B. Incredible Income Gains.
C. Inequality in Wealth. D. America Not Land of Opportunity.
第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The ancient Chinese game Go is considered one of the most complicated strategy games. Winning the game was seen as a test of human creativity. That is, until a machine found a way to do it better. AlphaGo, an artificial intelligence (AI) machine built by Google, won its first match against South Korean Lee Sedol on March 9. Still digesting his loss, Lee said during the post-game press conference, “ 36 ”
But that was just the beginning. In the following week, AlphaGo outperformed Lee in another three matches. 37
Some people have been arguing that AI is harmful to the human race. 38 Similarly, UK scientist Stephen Hawking once warned that the “development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race”.
So are we really on the verge(边缘)of living in the world shown in the Terminator(终结者)scifimovies? “Not quite,” answered The Economist. After all, it’s hard to get computers to apply their knowledge to everyday situations. “ 39 ” Thomas Johnson said, founder of an AI toy company. “But for a robot, to walk up and down hills requires so many complicated decisions to be made in real time, and it’s really difficult to do.”
As The Economist put it: “We have a long way to go before AI’s abilities truly begin to approach the human brain, despite how powerful the technology can be when focusing on a single task.”
Meanwhile, John Mark off of The New York Times argued that researchers should build artificial intelligence that aims for “intelligence augmentation (增加)” (IA) in which computers make people more effective.
He wrote: “ 40 Since technology depends on the values of its creators, we can make choices using technology to improve the world.”
A. Many robots fell over like little kids learning to walk.
B. We take for granted things like balance and vision.
C. Eventually, our fate is in our own hands.
D. So what is next for AI and humanity?
E. That made the five-match score 4-1 in favor of AlphaGo.
F. In 2014, US businessman Elon Musk said at an MIT conference that developing the technology is calling up a “demon(魔鬼)”.
G. I am in shock; I admit that.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分;满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My name’s James and I’m an 18-year “Cancer Survivor”. When I was 15 years of age, I was at my house one day with my 41 and when I tried to run up the steps, I blacked out, and 42 the stairs very hard. When I43 myself, I remembered my sisters saying “Are you alright?” and I replied “I think so, yeah.” But little did my sisters and I 44 that was the beginning of a(n) 45 . When I began to try to climb the stairs, my whole right leg hurt seriously. I couldn’t move it 46 the assistance of my hands. The pain was horrible. I finally47 my way upstairs and I hardly 48 I couldn’t move my leg. As time went on, it got 49 , so a month later I 50 went to hospital. I was asked to go to the rooms 51 they treated me to the X-rays. One week later, I got my 52 , but wasn’t clear on what was happening. They 53 us back home. Three days later, they 54 an expert from another continent or someplace and he looked at my rays one time and said “OH MYGOD, this young man has bone cancer.”
Once all of that got cleared up, they 55 my chemotherapy(化疗) treatments. I was told that I couldn’t56 like a normal person any more, so 57 was impossible. Basically my 58 was over before it even got started.
I want to share this story with you guys because today I’m 84 kg with 2% body fat. I don’t smoke or drink. I can walk and even run. I’m so 59 to be here and forever to grace life with my presence each day. My dream is to become the “ 60 ” to everybody who ever thought about giving up on life because it’s so hard, or just simply not worth living.
41. A. sisters B. brothers C. parents D. cousins
42. A. beat B. climbed C. hit D. tapped
43. A. came over B. came out C. came back D. came to
44. A. recognize B. realize C. recover D. react
45. A. dream B. terror C. illness D. memory
46. A. without B. from C. with D. for
47. A. made B. felt C. found D. nosed
48. A. guessed B. noticed C. believed D. understood
49. A. better B. worse C. stranger D. clearer
50. A. absolutely B. abruptly C. fortunately D. eventually
51. A. that B. when C. where D. what
52. A. treatment B. needs C. recovery D. results
53. A. followed B. carried C. sent D. directed
54. A. flew B. promised C. allowed D. served
55. A. continued B. started C. postponed D. canceled
56. A. work B. walk C. think D. feel
57. A. playing B. stepping C. running D. learning
58. A. plan B. hope C. career D. life
59. A. nervous B. relieved C. curious D. grateful
60. A. Inspiration B. Instruction C. Introduction D. Information
第II卷
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Legs are the base of the body, providing support and balance. Besides 61 (be) a part of the body, legs have walked themselves right into many English expressions.
For example, on the first leg of a trip, you might feel fresh and energetic. 62 by the last leg, you might be tired and sleepy. Here, “leg” means a part of 63 journey or trip. If something has legs, it means people have interest in it. This expression often describes a story, issue or scandal(丑闻), which is commonly heard in newsrooms and 64 (political). If you are involved in a scandal that has legs, you will unfortunately hear about it for a long time. On the other hand, you can say that something does not have legs, meaning nobody is65 (interest).
To have a leg up means that you are ahead 66 others in some competition. For example, if you are studying rocket science in college and your mother is a rocket 67 (science), you have a leg up on other students. Not having a leg to stand on means that a person has no proof or evidence 68 (support) their actions or opinions. Now, imagine you are on a boat that 69 (rock) back and forth in rough ocean waters. You are unable to walk 70 (steady) and feel sick because you haven’t found your sea leg.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：把缺词处加个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear editor,
I’m sorry to occupy your precious time, and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays. I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reason. First of all, as it is known to people, pets make too much noise that trouble residents a lot. What’s more, it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment, where makes people quite uncomfortable. Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they frighten children or even bite people. The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention. Take all these factors into consideration, I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this.
Yours truly,
Wang Lin
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华,某中学学生会主席, 负责美国Jenks高中师生到校访问期间的英文翻译工作。请根据下表的内容要点写成通知，告之美国师生一天的活动安排,并祝愿他们玩得愉快。
注意: 1.词数:100左右;
2.参考词汇：食堂cafeteria
3.文章的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone,
May I have your attention, please?
I’m Li Hua, Chairman of
________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
____________________________________________
Thank you!
高考英语题型全国卷2017参考答案
Ⅰ 听力
1~5 CBBAC 6~10 ABBCA 11~15 CACCA 16~20 ABCBA
Ⅱ 阅读理解
21-23 BAD 24-27 ADDA 28-31 CABD 32-35 CABD 36-40 GEFBC
Ⅲ 完形填空
41-45 ACDBB 46-50 AACBD 51-55 CDCAB 56-60 BCDDA
Ⅳ 语法填空
61. being 62. But 63. a 64. politics 65. interested
66. of 67. scientist 68. to support 69. is rocking 70. steadily
Ⅴ 短文改错
第一句：and---but anything---something 第二句：reason---reasons
第三句:去掉 it trouble---troubles 第四句：where---which 第五句：public 前加the 或place---places 第六句： mostly---most 第七句：Take---Taking
do前面加to 或will
Ⅵ 书面表达 One possible version:
Hello, everyone,
May I have your attention, please?
I’m Li Hua, Chairman of the Students’ Union of our school. I’m the interpreter. Now let me tell you about the schedule for today.
In the morning, the American students are to attend the classes with their partners respectively. You are to have lunch at the school cafeteria. In the afternoon, we are going to take you to Jinli, a well-known scenic spot in Chengdu, where you may get to know the history about the period Three Kingdoms in the Chinese history. Hopefully, you can try some delicious local foods there. In the evening, you are free to arrange your time with your partner.
Do remember to gather at the school gate by 12:50 so that we can start our afternoon trip on time. Have a good time! (117 words)
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