全国(新高考一卷)英语真题试卷

目前最新整理，新高考全国一卷考试地区:广东、福建、江苏、河北、湖北、湖南、山东、浙江。下面小编为大家带来全国(新高考一卷)英语真题试卷，希望对您有所帮助!

全国(新高考一卷)英语真题试卷

第一部分 阅读(满分30分)

略

第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Bike Rental & Guided Tours

Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.

Why MacBike

MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.

Prices

Guided City Tours

The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.

21. What is an advantage of MacBike?

A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.

C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.

22. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?

A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.

23. Where does the guided city tour start?

A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.

C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.

B

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.

The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.

He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”

24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?

A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.

C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.

25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?

A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.

C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.

26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?

A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.

C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.

27. What is the basis for John’s work?

A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.

C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.

C

The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.

To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.

Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.

In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.

The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.

28. What is the book aimed at?

A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.

C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.

29. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.

30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one?

A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.

C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.

31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two?

A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.

C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.

D

On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.

This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whaterer reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.

But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.

In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.

32. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?

A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.

C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.

33. Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________.

A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates

C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent

34. What did the follow-up study focus on?

A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.

C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.

35. What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?

A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Personal Forgiveness

Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 You can use the followning writing exercise to help you do this.

In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.

At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 38

You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 39 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.

It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.

A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.

B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.

C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.

D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.

E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.

F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.

G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.

第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line.

As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her am to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention.

Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.

As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”

Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day.

41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished

42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse

43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor

44. A. race B. school C. town D. training

45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised

46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice

47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down

48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal

49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated

50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness

51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged

52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal

53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand

54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show

55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.

No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (满分15分)

假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：

1.说明问题;

2.提出建议。

注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

第二节 (满分25分)

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest, I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.

So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.

I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny, and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.

What did the horse think, as sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I cheeked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half-dozen books on paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.

When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win. I wouldn’t care.

注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

高考英语怎么复习

一、重

“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。

文本是题源所在，如果将考生比作勘探人员，那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正是通过对文章的深入剖析，才将一个个的宝藏埋藏其中，让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。

1、阅读的不良习惯

要养成良好的阅读习惯，首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯，对号入座，看你有否。

心译：读一句心译一句，句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;

指读：阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子，边移边读;

逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重视，句句关心，生怕漏掉一个单词，眉毛胡子一把抓;

见生即查：阅读时欲将生词各个击破，完全扫清阅读障碍，认为只要没有生词，便可洞悉文章;

出声：阅读时发出声音，全篇诵读，字字句句，丝毫不拉;

唇读：阅读时虽没有发出声音，但唇随句变，词带舌移，只是声带未颤，声音未出;

默读：没有出声，也没有唇动舌移，但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。

以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性，要么会破坏对文本的整体理解，而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难，只是时间不够”，这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。

2、以意群为单位，成组视读

分清意群，停顿娴熟，不仅是朗诵的关键，更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位，而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视，不是一个词一个词的去默看，而是向探照灯一样根据意群，一组组的进行扫视，这时额头成了一个通道，被收纳的是信息，而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力，非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。

3、首尾在心，紧扣中心

任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图，任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨，而能否明晰作者的写作意图，能否把握文章的主旨，是理解一篇文章的关键，也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平，出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。

一般来说，文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中，首尾既包括文章的首段尾段，又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心，文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点，因此同学们应格外注意它们。

4、学会跳读，心中有图

阅读理解要做到心中既有森林，又有树木，既要统揽全文，又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文，了解大意，又可用来搜寻细节，锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体，又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译，而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络，使之直观化、形象化、具体化。

5、善于猜测词义

各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇，这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示，考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语，直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可，比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等，而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意，因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍，一定不能因之而恐慌，从而影响发挥。

对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词，文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示，只要细心，只要思路开阔，就一定能发现线索，确定其含义。

二、定

“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。

出题者一般都是根据文本的某一段，或某一段的某一句，或某一句的某一词，或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查，锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域，为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样，要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”，就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心，进而准确定位，圈定范围，定能一抓一个准。

总的来说，每个问题都对应于文本中的某个区间，或显或隐，或大或小，或段或句或词，考生要擦亮眼睛，善于定位，为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。

三、划

“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分，并在文章中划出解题依据。

能够在文本中划出解题根据是正确解题的关键，更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话，叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”，在这儿我要告诉各位同学，在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分，根据凿实，这是“不仅知其然，而且知其所以然”的超高境界，是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲，“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。

四、看

“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)。

英语语言相当丰富，同一意思会有多种不同表达，以避免语言表述上的`单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例，英语中就有不下就中表达：

de to do sth.

a decision to do sth.

rmine to do sth.

determined to do sth.

a determination to do sth

lve to do sth.

a resolution to do sth.

up ones mind to do sth.

ones mind to do sth.

出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显，可以一目了然;但也不乏隐含很深的转述。

五、防

“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“not true”，辨明形近词。

英语阅读中的陷阱设置最常见的有两种，判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型，考生做题前一定要认真审题，看准是“true”还是“not true”，是“right”还是“wrong”，然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为，这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然，在考场高度紧张的情况下，什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“not true”看反而懊恼不已，顿足捶胸?

对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”，三思而后选。只要细心，此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。

归根到底，“防”的主要对象是自己，防止慌张，防止粗心大意，防止那些“想当然”的想法，防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对，处处留心，任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。

六、读

“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项，区分鉴别，选择最佳。

阅读理解是从三个或四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，解题时考生要通读所有选项，比较鉴别，确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断，匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时，选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”，通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。

高考英语写作指导

英语学习中，在英语书面表达时，每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的?主体时态用什么时态?人称用第几人称?可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词?带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内容，然后列出提纲。最后利用自己有把握的英语句子丰富自己的提纲就可以了。

(1)条理性。指的是合理布局文章结构。首先，在文章思路、组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性。其次，根据需要，安排好段落，各段之间要层次分明，也要重视每一段的开头和结尾，开头语往往是总起句，结尾语往往是总结句。

(2)准确性。指要求写出语法正确的句子，包括时态、语态、用词和句法等，要准确、地道地表达。必须要牢牢掌握一些常用句型或习惯表达，避免中式英语，在实践中不断总结中英用法的差异，养成用英语思维写作的习惯。高考英语作文素材。

(3)流畅性。指根据整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的连接手段，清晰段落，使文章层次清楚、行文连贯。

(4)简洁多样性。简洁性就是语言简洁，不重复。多样性就是能随情景内容的变化写出句式多样的语句。这也是新课程标准对写作的评价标准。

(5)思想性。新标准对写作的要求，增加了情感因素，在准确流畅表达写作要点的同时，适当增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些人情味，使文章读起来更亲切，完全达到与读者进行交流的目的。

(6)美观性。指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、干净、整洁。在高考书面表达中，书面整洁是也是一个主观评分标准，所以在高考中保持书面整洁是必要的。