托福写作高分句型：双重否定句
大家在准备托福写作的时候要多多学习一些高分的句型表达，双重否定就是其中一种，下面小编给大家带来托福写作高分句型：双重否定句。
托福写作高分句型：双重否定句
大家一定还记得阿迪达斯的那句经典的广告词吧? "impossible is nothing!" 短小精悍的一句话，却给人带来无限的正能量!
仔细研读这句话，我们不难发现，广告运用了“impossible”和“nothing”这两个否定词来加强语气，使得广告语强劲有力。
同样，在2004年的美国大选中，民主党总统候选人约翰·克里在竞选演说中使用了一句让人至今仍津津乐道地话：“I will never fail to get your kids home.”同样是双重否定，使得演讲的语言强劲有力。在托福写作中，我们同样可以使用双重否定来润色我们的文章。
双重否定句的一个基本用法是主语否定+谓语否定
如“All of us have made mistakes”，使用双重否定句，我们可以说“None of us has never made mistakes".如此简单平实的一句话变成了一个语气非常强烈的句子，毫无疑问，考场上能够这样的双重否定句无疑给人一种眼前一亮的感觉。
如果我们想要表达"It's common for somebody to do something"，我们可以说成"It's not uncommon for somebody to do something."将陈述句转化为双重否定句，给人一种高大上的感觉。
在表达”一定...“的时候，我们完全可以学习约翰·克里，使用"never failto"的句型
如我们要表达”我们一定会完成这样工作“，可以说"We will never fail to complete the tough job".另外，在写作中，我们经常会使用到”越....越好“的句型，这时候我们也可以使用双重否定句，即使用"cannot...too..."的句型。
如”面对这件事情，我们越小心越好“可以说 "Confronted with such an issue, we cannot be too careful".将陈述句转换成双重否定句是独立写作中的一大的分利器哦!双重否定句也是比较容易的一种句型，同学们一定要掌握这种”低投入，高产出“的句式哦!
商务写作：双重否定就是肯定?
Have a look at this example:
来看一下这个例句吧：
WRONG
错误
This Escrow Account Agreement expires if no money is not credited to the Escrow Account by 30 June.
假如在6月30日之前没有钱没被存入第三方托管账户，该第三方托管账户协议即告截止。
Although this grammatical construction is correct in many languages, it is not correct in English. It was, however, common usage several centuries ago, and it still exists in colloquial English now. This explains well known examples such as “I can’t get no satisfaction” and “We don’t need no education”. But it is not correct in formal written English.
尽管这种语法结构在很多语言中都是正确的，但在英语中却是错的。然而，在很多个世纪以前，这种用法非常常见，而在今天的英语口语中，也依然存在。这解释了一些有名的例子，比如“I can’t get no satisfaction 我能得到满足”以及“We don’t need no education 我们需要教育”。但在正式的书面英语中，这并不是正确的。
The grammatical concept is called “negative concord”. In languages that have negative concord, such as Spanish, Polish and Hungarian, the double negative intensifies the negation. However, in languages that do not have negative concord, such as Standard English and German, a double negative is understood to resolve into a positive.
这种语法概念叫做“否定和谐”。在有否定和谐的语言中，比如西班牙语、波兰语和匈牙利语，这种双重否定会加重否定。然而在那些不具有否定和谐的语言中，比如标准英语和德语，双重否定会形成肯定。
So the above example technically means:
所以那句例句实际上意味着：
This Escrow Account Agreement expires if money is credited to the Escrow Account by 30 June.
如果在6月30日之前有钱被存入第三方托管账户，该第三方托管账户协议即告截止。
In reality, of course, it is unlikely anyone would understand it this way, as it wouldn’t make any sense. But the sentence should be corrected as follows:
在现实中，当然，不会有什么人会这样理解它的，因为这样毫无意义。但是这句话还是应该被改成这样：
RIGHT
正确
This Escrow Account Agreement expires if no money is credited to the Escrow Account by 30 June 2013.
如果在2013年6月30日之前没有钱被存入第三方托管账户，该第三方托管账户协议即告截止。
托福写作：写作备考策略之独立话题
1.常用论点/理由
针对独立写作的常见话题，大致可归成三类：个人类(关于学习、工作、休闲、做人的选择);古今类(题目中有明显的now… past … 让考生判断现在和过去在某一方面的比较);决策类(题目中通常有government这个词出现，讨论政府的投资或者政策，有些题目虽然没有government这个词出现，但如果涉及的是有社会影响力的话题，也可以划为政府类，比如 A/D Professional athletes such as the football playerand basketball player deserve high salaries that they are paid.)
1)个人类常用理由
学知识、练技能、拓展视野……..
工作机会、赚钱…….
交朋友、陪伴家人……. (合作、沟通) …….
品质(自信，独立，坚持，乐观 ) / 兴趣爱好
身体健康、放松心情…….
省时间、省钱、省精力………..
2)古今类常用理由
现代社会的优点：
教育: 先进全面鼓励个性
工作：种类丰富机会多
医疗：治愈缓解更多疾病
技术：网络电子产品汽车
公共设施：便利的交通娱乐购物餐饮
法律制度：保障个人权利
媒体：揭露真相传播信息
人与人：互动频繁、方便
经济进步：更充裕的钱和无助
世界和平：更少的战争伤亡
现代社会的缺点：
环境问题(污染，能源消耗)
生活压力(学习，工作)
欺骗敲诈
3)决策类常用思路
注：除了使用个人类常用理由，针对决策类这种和政府相关有社会影响力的题目，建议多角度讨论，一下是常见的讨论角度：
1.大众 individuals
对我们有什么用?(放松健康省钱知识关系等等)
是不是我们每个人都需要的?(大多数/ 小众)
2. 相关群体relativegroups
题目中谈论到的比如artists,scientists, athletes 等等
3. 企业companies
企业有钱，可以代替政府去投资有利可图的领域
4. 社会 Society
Economy(tourism), culture, safety, improvement …
2.对比段
通常来说，托福独立写作的论证写3段，上文介绍了最基本的常用理由，但有时候，因为各种原因只想出2个理由的时候，可以写一段对比段，即把对比论证写一段。
具体案例参考第三部分的机经详解
3.让步段
除了对比段之外，让步段也可以解决只有2个理由缺少第三个段落的问题。
具体案例参考第三部分的机经详解
4.拆分法/分情况讨论
针对一些比较抽象的独立写作话题，我们可以分情况讨论，或者对于关键词进行定义和拆分，在更加具体的情况下方便论证。
具体案例参考第三部分的机经详解
5.检验论点
没有标准答案，这是独立解题最自由的地方。但这并不意味着什么样的理由都可以作为论点并且展开段落的。课堂上，一些学生可以马上相处三个理由，但仔细探究，可能只有一个理由是可以作为论点的。
这里说一下三个检验标准：1.支持观点 2. 论点相互不重叠 3. 易于展开
6.灵活调整
根据ETS的出题，我们知道，题目是千变万化的，为了帮助学生更好的应对，老师们会总结出一些实用方法，对学生来说，比死记硬别、生搬硬套更重要的是，在题目的练习中，去运用这些方法，并且灵活的调整。
如果觉得一些常用理由不适合支持某一道题，那么就放弃这个理由;
如果只想出两个理由，那么可以加一个让步段或者对比段;
如果一道题直接用常用理由去支持很难，可以试着拆分法;
如果完全同意/不同意很难，可以试着两边倒;
如果题目中有绝对词，可以部分同意/不同意。
总结：
备考的成功取决于两个要素：个人的努力 + 实用的方法。单纯的背诵方法而不去尝试解题，是不可能熟练掌握的;一味地做题而不调整改善也是比较低效的。此文为大家提供了一些题目和方法，并演示了方法的具体运用。建议读者自己多加尝试和练习。另外，知识注定是要更新的，所以读者若有更好的灵感或者在别的学习资料中遇到更好的方法，也可以加以运用。最后，考试是自己考的，老师和学习资料是个辅助，大家不要忘记相信自己：)
托福写作思路从积累托福语料做起
First，请各位3分钟时间默读下面的文段(以下范文出自KYLE DeNUCCIO 不同颜色的词请重点关注)
①Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective and informed money management decisions. Gaining the knowledge and developing the skills to become financially literate is a lifelong process that begins with something as simple as putting a few pennies in a piggy bank, and evolves to more advanced subjects such as risk and asset allocation.
②Because financial literacy is not emphasized in the education system - less than half the states have any financial literacy requirements for grades K-12, and only four states require high school students to take personal finance classes - most kids lack the necessary knowledge and skills to become financially responsible adults. The President's Advisory Council on Financial Literacy wrote in its 2008 Annual Report to the President: "By almost any measure, today's school children are ill-equipped to understand personal finance and make their way in the modern financial world. Their rising debt and debt problems, along with their poor inclination to save, substantiate what the test scores show. Meanwhile, most students still graduate from high school without any formal classroom education in personal finance."
③There is now - especially following the global financial crisis that began in 2008 - a growing interest in requiring more personal finance classes in the K-12 setting. Ben Bernanke, Chairman of the Federal Reserve System has stated that, "One of the key lessons of the recent financial crisis is the importance of personal financial literacy. Besides improving their personal financial decision making, teaching students economic principles will help them as citizens understand and make choices about many of the critical issues confronting our nation."
④Despite this recognition, most things money are still taught at home, where the role of financial educator falls primarily on parents, guardians and other adults in the home. For many adults, however, talking about money is akin to talking about other provocative subjects. Unsure of where to begin and worried about saying the wrong thing, many adults simply avoid conversations about money. This is often made worse by adults' lack of confidence in their own handling of finances. It is important for adults to remember that, even if they are not financial rock stars themselves, they have experience and perspective on their sides, and can draw both from their financial mistakes and successes to share essential knowledge and skills to their children. It starts with a conversation.
⑤In our first guide, Teaching Financial Literacy To Kids, we introduced concepts that are appropriate for the youngest learners, such as the difference between needs and wants.(细节!!) / In part two of the series, Teaching Financial Literacy To Tweens, we covered intermediate topics, including income and expenses, saving for long-term goals and entrepreneurship. / In this tutorial, designed especially for teaching teens, we introduce the more advanced topics suitable for teenagers, including budgeting, credit and debt, money management and investing.(细节!!)(473words)
读完了是不是有一种“好高大上啊” 我写不出来啊，没关系哈来下面BOMB老师帮你“庖丁解牛” 请动笔“记” 光看没用，快拿笔!
1.Financial literacy ：翻译成中文的话就类似“理财的能力”
e.g.：Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective money management decisions, so children are obliged to get informed about.
理财是一种使用知识和技能的能力去做出高效的金钱管理决定，所以孩子务必要去了解。
literate：有文化的，会读写的
illiterate：文盲的
2.informed decisions： 明智的决定 类似表达比如 smart move/sound decision
e.g.：School authorities might make an informed decision to put in a vast majority of money to hire famous teachers after researching hundreds of students’s needs.
校方在调查了百名学生的需求后做出个明智的决定，就是去投入大量的资金雇佣教师。
3.lifelong process：一辈子的事儿
e.g.： Marriage is a lifelong process that we have to think twice to make an informed decision.
婚姻是个一辈子的事儿，我们要认真考虑以便做出个明智的决定。
4.putting a few pennies in a piggy bank：把零钱装进存钱罐
“piggy bank”表示零钱罐，penny 一便士
5.asset allocation ：资产分配
e.g.：Confronting financial crisis, government has to implement a proper asset allocation policy to avoid repeat financial depression.
面临资产危机的时候，政府必须要实施合适的资产分配政策来防止周而复始的经济萧条。
6.be emphasized in: 被重视
e.g.：The mindset of "problem-solving" and “thinking-critically “ should be emphasized in the construction of teenagers teaching curricular.
“解决问题”和“批判性思考”的思维应该在青少年教学课程建设中被强强调。
7.require sb to do：要求某人做某事(一般与学生搭配在一起使用更佳)
e.g.：School should require students to attend to some extracurricular activities to strengthen their social abilities.
学校应该要求学生参加一些课外活动去加强他们的社交能力。
8.financially responsible adults：经济上有责任感的成年人
e.g.：In order to become financially responsible adults, children are supposed to engage in different finance-related activities to acquire more practical skills on issues of money autonomy.
为了成为经济上独立的成年人，孩子应该参与不同的与经济有关的活动去获得更多的实用的技能在金钱自理的问题上。
9.be ill-equipped to：表示”做某事没有准备好“ ”缺乏某种能力“
e.g.：Parents are ill-equipped to understand their children and put in less faith in them such as restricting their money spent on entertainment; limiting their time spent on watching TV, and even prohibiting their freedom to choose majors.
父母未能很好的理解孩子并且对孩子有很少的信任，比如限制他们花在娱乐上的钱,限制他们花在看电视上的时间,甚至禁止他们选择专业的自由。
10.have poor inclination to ：表示有做不好的事情的不良倾向
e.g.：Children, especially for those rebellious adolescents, tend to have poor inclination to crime, so they should be guided in a right way by their parents.
孩子,特别是那些叛逆的青少年,往往有犯罪的倾向,所以他们应该被他们的父母用正确的方法引导。
11.show a growing interest in：表示在某方面展现兴趣
e.g.：Talent kids tend to show a growing interest in tackling difficult problems.
有天赋的孩子往往在解决难题上有很多的兴趣。
12.fall primarily on：主要属于某人/主要落在谁身上
e.g.：To address environmental problems, the duties will fall primarily on three aspects : governments ;individuals and small businesses.
为了解决环境问题,责任将主要在三个方面:政府、个人和小企业。
13.is akin to: 与某事某物相似
e.g.： Friendship is akin to love.
爱人者，人恒爱之。
14.provocative subjects：刺激的话题/争议的话题
e.g.：How to achieve a sense of happiness has long been the provocative subjects which are often discussed among scholars.
如何拥有幸福感一直是一个有争议的并被学者讨论的话题。
15.on one’s sides：就某人而言/支持某人/站在某人那边
e.g.：On my side, finance-related issues should be emphasized in the education of kids.
在我看来，与金钱有关的问题应该在小孩的教育中被重视。
16.share essential knowledge and skills to ：分享重要的知识技能给某人
e.g.：Teachers should share essential knowledge and skills to teenagers who are eager to learn and improve their abilities.
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