2020年托业考试阅读常见短语整理
托业考试做好会出现很多类型的短语，这就要靠考生平时的积累了，下面小编给大家带来2020年托业考试阅读常见短语整理。
2020年托业考试阅读常见短语上
1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于;遵守 2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在 3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉 4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力 (被动语态): be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on 5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有 6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解 7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地 8. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地 9. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致 10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地 11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据 12. on one’s own account 1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益 2)(=at one’s own risk) 自行负责 3)(=by oneself)依靠自己 on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account 有………重要性. 13. take…into account(=consider)把……考虑进去 14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由) 15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明. 16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为. 17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装) 18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告 19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于. 20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉 21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for代理 22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于 23. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要) 24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之 25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外 26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循 27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的 28. adjust……(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应 29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地. 30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先. 31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地. 32. have an advantage over 胜过. have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件 have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事 33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用. 34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意 35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致 36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;. ahead of time 提前. 37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中. 38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的. 39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计 40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不; all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎. 41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到. 42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于. 43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责. 44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合. 45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for 46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉 47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力 48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请 ; apply for申请; apply to 适用. 49. apply to 与…有关;适用 50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt.
2020年托业考试阅读常见短语中
Word Vocabulary Games: English Adjectives Nouns Test # TOEIC/W2 1. adj. customary：adj 习惯的，通常的;n习惯法汇编 (a)instant：adj立即的;n瞬间，立刻 (b)traditional：adj传统的，惯例的 (c)discouraged：adj气馁的;v劝阻(discourage的过去分词)，使失去勇气 (d)fraught：adj担心的，忧虑的 2. adj. apt at inventing(有发明才能的)= characterized by invention; creative(有创造性的); new; original(原始的，独创的) (a)inventive：adj有发明才能的 (b)discrete：adj离散的，不连续的;n独立部件 (c)managerial：adj管理的，经理的 (d)kind：adj和蔼的;n种类 3. adj. resisting change：抵制改变; desiring to preserve traditions：希望能保持惯例; cautious：adj谨慎的 (a)found：vt创立，找到(find的过去分词) (b)tremendous：adj极大的，惊人的 (c)comforting：adj安慰的，令人欣慰的 (d)conservative：adj保守的;n保守派 4. adj. articulate(发音清晰的); eloquent(意味深长的); able to read and write with ease(熟练的，毫不费劲的); graceful(优雅的); fluid=flowing (a)attendant：adj伴随的，侍候的;n服务员 (b)fluent：adj流畅的，流利的，液态的 (c)certain：adj必然的;pron某几个 (d)interim：adj临时的;n过渡时期，暂定 5. n. specialist in repairs of machinery and appliances：机器和电器用具修理方面的专家 (a)clipping：n剪裁，剪断;adj头等的，极好的 (b)clip：n修剪，夹子，回形针;vt/vi修剪 (c)technician：n技术员 (d)survey：n调查，测量 6. n. pertaining to(适合)a value that is approximately in the middle of a series of values (a)upholstery：n家居装饰用品业 (b)adjustable rate：n可调整利率 (c)nomination：n任命，提名 (d)mid-range：n中点值;adj中等的 7. adj. flawless(完美的); complete(完整的); undamaged(未损坏的) (a)due：adj到期的，应付的;n应付款;adv正(置于方位词前) (b)record：adj创记录的;n档案;vt/vi记录 (c)rubber：adj橡胶制成的;n橡胶，按摩师;vt涂橡胶于，用橡胶制造;vi扭转脖子看 (d)perfect：adj完美的;n完成式;vt使完美 8. adj. in the event of(…的发生) sudden need (a)suspect：adj可疑的;n嫌疑犯;vt/vi怀疑，猜想 (b)impressive：adj感人的，令人钦佩的，给人以深刻印象的 (c)bonded：adj有担保的，存入保税仓库的;v结合(bond的过去分词) (d)emergency：adj紧急的，备用的;n紧急情况 9. adj. guilty(有罪的); dishonest(不诚实的); of the nature of fraud (n[fr?:d]欺骗，诡计); based on fraud (a)perennial：adj多年生的;n多年生的植物 (b)fraudulent：adj欺骗性的，不正的 (c)competent：adj胜任的 (d)minute：adj微小的;n分钟;vt将记录下来 10. adj. pertinent(相关的); relevant(有关的); connected(连接的) (a)periodical：adj周期的，定期的;n杂志，期刊 (b)germane：adj有密切关系的，贴切的 (c)maximum：adj的，最多的;n极大，限度 (d)motive：adj发动的;n动机;vt使产生动机，激起
2020年托业考试阅读常见短语下
1. adv. against; in contrast to
(a)counter ：adv相反地;n计数器;vt反击;adj相反的
(b)curtly ：adv简略地
(c)nevertheless ：adv然而，不过;conj然而
(d)either ：adv也(用于否定或否定词组后)，根本;conj或者;prep任何一个;adj两者之中任一的
2. adv. toward the front; ahead; to the front(在前面)
(a)sternly ：adv严厉地，坚决地
(b)downward：adv向下;adj向下的
(c)originally：adv最初，起初，本来
(d)forward ：adv向前地;n先锋;vt促进，转寄;adj向前的，早的，迅速的
3. adv. confidently(自信地); certainly(当然，必定); without a doubt(无疑地); yes; of course
(a)counter：adv相反地;n计数器;vt反击;adj相反的
(b)conscientiously：adv良心上
(c)abroad：adv在国外n海外，异国
(d)surely：adv当然，无疑
4. adv. meticulously(细致地); exactingly; scrupulously; diligently; thoroughl; in detail
(a)minutely：adv详细地，精密地;adj每分钟的
(b)especially：adv特别，尤其
(c)approximately：大约，近似地
(d)obviously：adv明显地
5. adv. relatively(相当地)
(a)primarily：adv首先，主要地，根本上
(b)randomly：adv随便地 ，任意地
(c)comparatively：adv比较地，相当地
(d)previously：adv以前，预先
6. adv. based on individual thoughts and feelings
(a)subjectively：adv主观地，臆想地
(b)seamlessly：adv无缝地
(c)regardless：adj不管，不顾
(d)obviously：adv明显地
7. adv. under; below
(a)drastically：adv彻底地，激烈地
(b)contrary：相反地，对立地
(c)beneath：adv在下方，prep在之下
(d)either：adv也(用于否定或否定词组后)，根本;conj或者;prep任何一个;adj两者之中任一的
8. adv. after the usual or expected time(预期执行时间); tardily(缓慢地); recently; far on time; formerly(adv以前，原来)
(a)rarely：很少地，难得
(b)initially：adv最初，首先
(c)late：adv晚，最近
(d)thus：adv因此，从而;conj因此;n乳香
9. adv. in a close-fitting manner; firmly(坚定地)
(a)late：adv晚，最近
(b)regardless：adj不管
(c)tight：adv紧紧地，彻底地，adj紧紧的，吝啬的
(d)ill：adv不利地;n疾病;adj生病的
10. adv. past; further than
(a)beyond ：adv在远处;prep超过;n远处
(b)anyway：adv无论如何
(c)anyhow：adv总之，无论如何
(d)manually：adv手动地
托业考试之阅读理解练习题
Hotels were among the earliest facilities that bound the United States together.They were both creatures and creators of communities,as well as symptoms of the frenetic quest for community.Even in the first part of the nineteenth century,Americans were private,business and pleasure purposes.Conventions were the new occasions,and hotels were distinctively American facilities making conventions possible.The first national convention of a major party to choose a candidate for President (that of the National Republican party,which met on December 12,1831,and nominated Henry Clay for President)was held in Baltimore,at a hotel that was then reputed to be the best in the country.The presence in Baltimore of Barnum's City Hotel,a six-story building with two hundred apartments helps explain why many other early national political conventions were held there.
In the longer run,too.American hotels made other national conventions not only possible but pleasant and convivial.The growing custom of regularly assembling from afar the representatives of all kinds of groups -not only for political conventions,but also for commercial,professional,learned,and avocational ones -in turn supported the multiplying hotels.By mid-twentieth century,conventions accounted for over third of the yearly room occupancy of all hotels in the nation,about eighteen thousand different conventions were held annually with a total attendance of about ten million persons.
Nineteenth-century American hotelkeepers,who were no longer the genial,deferential "hosts"of the eighteenth-century European inn,became leading citizens.Holding a large stake in the community,they exercised power to make it prosper.As owners or managers of the local "palace of the public",they were makers and shapers of a principal community attraction.Travelers from abroad were mildly shocked by this high social position.
1.The word "bound"in line 1is closest in meaning to
(A)led
(B)protected
(C)tied
(D)strengthened
2.The National Republican party is mentioned in line 8as an example of a group
(A)from Baltimore
(B)of learned people
(C)owning a hotel
(D)holding a convention
3.The word "assembling"in line 14is closest in meaning to
(A)announcing
(B)motivating
(C)gathering
(D)contracting
4.The word "ones"in line 16refers to
(A)hotels
(B)conventions
(C)kinds
(D)representatives
5.The word "it"in line 23refers to
(A)European inn
(B)host
(C)community
(D)public
6.It can be inferred from the passage that early hotelkeepers in the United States were
(A)active politicians
(B)European immigrants
(C)Professional builders
(D)Influential citizens
7.Which of the following statements about early American hotels is NOT mentioned in the passage?
(A)Travelers from abroad did not enjoy staying in them.
(B)Conventions were held in them
(C)People used them for both business and pleasure.
(D)They were important to the community.
Question 8-17
Beads were probably the first durable ornaments humans possessed,and the intimate relationship they had with their owners is reflected in the fact that beads are among the most common items found in ancient archaeological sites.In the past,as today,men,women,and children adorned themselves with beads.In some cultures still,certain beads are often worn from birth until death,and then are buried with their owners for the afterlife.Abrasion due to daily wear alters the surface features of beads,and if they are buried for long,the effects of corrosion can further change their appearance.Thus,interest is imparted to the bead both by use and the effects of time.
Besides their wearability,either as jewelry or incorporated into articles of attire,beads possess the desirable characteristics of every collectible,they are durable,portable,available in infinite variety,and often valuable in their original cultural context as well as in today's market.Pleasing to look at and touch,beads come in shapes,colors,and materials that almost compel one to handle them and to sort them.
Beads are miniature bundles of secrets waiting to be revealed:their history,manufacture,cultural context,economic role,and ornamental use are all points of information one hopes to unravel.Even the most mundane beads may have traveled great distances and been exposed to many human experiences.The bead researcher must gather information from many diverse fields.In addition to having to be a generalist while specializing in what may seem to be a narrow field,the researcher is faced with the problem of primary materials that have little or no documentation.Many ancient beads that are of ethnographic interest have often been separated from their original cultural context.
The special attractions of beads contribute to the uniqueness of bead research.While often regarded as the "small change of civilizations",beads are a part of every culture,and they can often be used to date archaeological sites and to designate the degree of mercantile,technological,and cultural sophistication.
8.What is the main subject of the passage?
(A)Materials used in making beads.
(B)How beads are made
(C)The reasons for studying beads
(D)Different types of beads
9.The word "adorned"in line 4is closest in meaning to
(A)protected
(B)decorated
(C)purchased
(D)enjoyed
10.The word "attire"in line 9is closest in meaning to
(A)ritual
(B)importance
(C)clothing
(D)history
11.All of the following are given as characteristics of collectible objects EXCEPT
(A)durability
(B)portability
(C)value
(D)scarcity.
12.According to the passage,all of the following are factors that make people want to touch beads EXCEPT the (A)shape
(B)color
(C)material
(D)odor
13.The word "unravel"in line 16is closest in meaning to
(A)communicate
(B)transport
(C)improve
(D)discover
14.The word "mundane"in line 16is closest in meaning to
(A)carved
(B)beautiful
(C)ordinary
(D)heavy
15.It is difficult to trace the history of certain ancient beads because they
(A)are small in size
(B)have been buried underground
(C)have been moved from their original locations
(D)are frequently lost
16.Knowledge of the history of some beads may be useful in the studies done by which of the following?
(A)Anthropologists
(B)Agricultural experts
(C)Medical researchers
(D)Economists
17.Where in the passage does the author describe why the appearance of beads may change?
(A)Lines 3-4
(B)Lines 6-8
(C)Lines 12-13
(D)Lines 20-22.
Question 18-31
In the world of birds,bill design is a prime example of evolutionary fine-tuning.Shorebirds such as oystercatchers use their bills to pry open the tightly sealed shells of their prey,hummingbirds have stiletto-like bills to probe the deepest nectar-bearing flowers,and kiwis smell out earthworms thanks to nostrils located at the tip of their beaks.But few birds are more intimately tied to their source of sustenance than are crossbills.Two species of these finches,named for the way the upper and lower parts of their bills cross,rather than meet in the middle,reside in the evergreen forests of North America and feed on the seeds held within the cones of coniferous trees.
The efficiency of the bill is evident when a crossbill locates a cone.Using a lateral motion of its lower mandible,the bird separates two overlapping scales on the cone and exposes the seed.The crossed mandibles enable the bird to exert a powerful biting force at the bill tips,which is critical for maneuvering them between the scales and spreading the scales apart.Next,the crossbill snakes its long tongue into the gap and draws out the seed.Using the combined action of the bill and tongue,the bird cracks open and discards the woody seed covering action and swallows the nutritious inner kernel.This whole process takes but a few seconds and is repeated hundreds of times a day.
The bills of different crossbill species and subspecies vary -some are stout and deep,others more slander and shallow.As a rule,large-billed crossbills are better at securing seeds from large cones,while small-billed crossbills are more deft at removing the seeds from small,thin-scaled cones.Moreover,the degree to which cones are naturally slightly open or tightly closed helps determine which bill design is the best.
One anomaly is the subspecies of red crossbill known as the Newfoundland crossbill.This bird has a large,robust bill,yet most of Newfoundland's conifers have small cones,the same kind of cones that the slender-billed white-wings rely on.
18.What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A)The importance of conifers in evergreen forests
(B)The efficiency of the bill of the crossbill
(C)The variety of food available in a forest
(D)The different techniques birds use to obtain food
19.Which of the following statements best represents the type of "evolutionary fine -turning"mentioned in line1?
(A)Different shapes of bills have evolved depending on the available food supply
(B)White -wing crossbills have evolved from red crossbills
(C)Newfoundland's conifers have evolved small cones
(D)Several subspecies of crossbills have evolved from two species
20.Why does the author mention oystercatchers,hummingbirds,and kiwis in lines 2-4?
(A)They are examples of birds that live in the forest
(B)Their beaks are similar to the beak of the crossbill
(C)They illustrate the relationship between bill design and food supply
(D)They are closely related to the crossbill
21.Crossbills are a type of
(A)shorebird
(B)hummingbird
(C)kiwi
(D)finch
22.Which of the following most closely resembles the bird described in lines 6-8?
(A)(图)
(B)(图)
(C)(图)
(D)(图)
23.The word "which"in line 12refers to
(A)seed
(B)bird
(C)force
(D)bill
24.The word "gap"in line 13is closest in meaning to
(A)opening
(B)flower
(C)mouth
(D)tree
25.The word "discards"in line 15is closest in meaning to
(A)eats
(B)breaks
(C)finds out
(D)gets rid of
26.The word "others"in line 18refers to
(A)bills
(B)species
(C)seeds
(D)cones
27.The word "deft"in line 19is closest in meaning to
(A)hungry
(B)skilled
(C)tired
(D)pleasant
28.The word "robust"in line 24is closest in meaning to
(A)strong
(B)colorful
(C)unusual
(D)sharp
29.In what way is the Newfoundland crossbill an anomaly?
(A)It is larger than the other crossbill species
(B)It uses a different technique to obtain food
(C)The size of its bill does not fit the size of its food source
(D)It does not live in evergreen forests.
30.The final paragraph of the passage will probably continue with a discussion of
(A)other species of forest birds
(B)the fragile ecosystem of Newfoundland
(C)what mammals live in the forests of North America
(D)how the Newfoundland crossbill survives with a large bill
31.Where in the passage does the author describe how a crossbill removes a seed from its cone?
(A)The first paragraph
(B)The second paragraph
(C)The third paragraph
(D)The forth paragraph
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