notonlybutalso的用法总结
Not only…but also是英语中比较常见的一个关联词组，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者。它的意思是“不仅 … 而且 ...”；其中的also有时可以省略。由于它的用法比较复杂，本文拟对其用法及其使用中应注意的问题作一归纳。
not only but also的主要用法
1.连接主语:
Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.
不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。
2.连接宾语:
The problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.
收信人不仅要尽力猜出是谁的，还要推测寄信人内心有什么想法。
3.连接谓语动词
The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
注意not only…but also连接的动词一般不重复，这与汉语不同。如汉语说“我不仅懂英语，而且懂俄语”，英语则说“I know not only English but also Russian”，而不说“I not only know English but also know Russian”.再如:“气体不仅改变形状，而且改变体积”，英译为“A gas changes not only in shape but also in volume.”(注意介词常重复)
4.连接表语:
Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor .
莎士比亚不仅是一位剧作家，而且是一位演员。
5.连接宾语补足语:
Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。
6.连接状语:
If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not merely pleasantly but thank fully.
如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺点，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心怀感激之情。
7.连接从句:
He didn’t let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we had the fortitude to stand up for the truth.
直到我们证明了我们不仅知道什么是生物体，而且具有坚持真理的不屈不挠精神时，他这才放过我们。
8.连接定语:
Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人类不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。
9.连接句子:
Inot only heard it, but (also) I saw it.
我不仅听到、而且看到了它。 Not only…but also连接句子时, not only 可以置于句首表示强调,这时第一分句要采用倒装结构。例如:
Not only has he a first-class brain but also he is a tremendously hard worker.
他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子，而且工作很能吃苦。
Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well.
这个可怜的人不仅被逮捕，而且被投进监狱。
Not only do the professors have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.
对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。
10.用于 it is…that 强调结构
It is not only the scientist and the physician who need a long special training now, but the computer expert, the accountant, and the business manager.
现在，不仅科学家和医生需要长期的专门训练，计算机专家、会计师和企业经理也需要这种训练。
It is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for which we are accountable.
我们不但要对我们所做的事负责，而且要对我们没有去做的事负责。
使用not only…but also…注意事项
1. 有时可将but also分开用，即将but视为普通的并列连词，用于连接两个句子，然后将also用于句中（用谓语动词用在一起）。如：
He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous technique.
他不仅很快，而且技术高超。
2. 该结构中的also有时可以省略，或将also换成too, as well（置于句末）。如：
He not only washed the car, but polished it too [as well].
他不仅冲洗汽车，而且还擦拭了它。
His name is known not only in Japan, but in China.
他不仅在日本出名，而且在中国也出名。
3. 有时因为语境的需要，not only…but also…也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语，但这多半因为承前省略的原因。如：
He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends.
他不仅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班。
句中的not only后接的是谓语goes to，而but also后接的却是状语 on weekends，可视为but also后承前省略了谓语动词 goes to work。
4. 当not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。如：
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.
不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。
5. 为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。如：
Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work.
她不仅仅迟到了3次，她还没干一点活。
Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water.
他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。
有时也可见到不倒装的情形，此时主要见于but also后接省略结构的情况（省略只剩下主语）。如：
Not only my mother was unhappy, but Marian, too.
不仅我母亲不快乐，玛丽安也不快乐。
not only...but also 的倒装使用
1. 连接二个分句（并列句），即 Not only 和 but 后面都有主谓结构时，如果not only位于第一分句主语之前，则该分句要部分倒装；后一个分句，即 but 后面不用倒装。
2. 如果not only不是位于第一分句主语之前，前后两个分句的主语相同，可以改为并列二个谓语，此时则不倒装。例如：
Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. = The poor man had not only been arrested but sent to prison as well.
3. 如果 Not only ... but ... 连接两个主语，不能使用倒装。例如：Not only the teachers but also the students love their school very much.(此句中的 the teachers 和 the students 是主语。不能说：Not only do the teachers but also the students love their school very much.)
