高中英语语法
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高中英语语法：过去完成时
1、过去发生的两个动作，先发生的用过去完成时
With their help I realized that I had been wrong.
2、过去某时以前发生的动作或情况
He hasn’t finished yet.
He didn’t finish yesterday evening.
He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening.
3、常用过去完成时的情况
①No sooner…than…. Hardly…when…
No sooner had he begun his speech than he was interrupted
②expect, hope, think, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时(或一般时)表示想做而未做的事
I had planned to send him a telegram, but I didn’t manage it.
4、使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性
①句意十分清楚时，可用一般时
After I finished, I went home.
②常用一般过去时表示依次发生的动作
I got out of the taxi, paid the fare(车费) and managed it.
③有时必须明确，特别是含when时
When I arrived, Ann left.
(同时见到)(见到Ann)
When I arrived, Ann had left.
(先后发生)(没见到)
5、常用过去完成时的时间主状语
by the end of + 过去时间 ; by + 过去时间
by the time + 过去时间; 过去时间 + before
比较：
By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words .
By the time he is 11, he will have learned 3000 words.
By the time last week, I had learned 3000 words.
By the time next week, I will have learned 3000 words
高中英语语法：一般将来时
1、用will, shall 表示
①决定：谈及正在作出的一项决定时，常用I’ll----I will，不能用be going to ,因为它表示事先就已经作出的决定
---The phone’s ringing. ---I’ll answer it.
---Come to a party. ---OK. I’ll bring my friend.
②威胁和允诺：第一人称用will (‘ll);第二人称用shall
I’ll hit you if you do that again.
He shall have a gift for Christmas.
③提议和请求：用Shall I …?/Shall we…?表示提议;
用Will you…?表示请求
Shall I carry your bag? Will you give me a hand?
④I will/ We will 表示有强烈意图、提议、坚持或自愿做某事; 不能用shall
I will stop smoking---I really will.
2、用 be going to 表示
①已经决定要做的事情
We’re going to France next summer.
②现在肯定讲会发生的事情
Look at those clouds---it’s going to rain.
③强烈的决心
I’m going to keep asking her out until she says yes.
3、用be about to do sth 表示最近的将来，“正要”，“马上就要”
I am about to leave when there is a knock at the door.
4、用be to do sth表示预定要做的事情
The French President is to visit Japan next week
5、be going to 与 will / shall 的对比
①都可以表示预言
Do you think the car will start / is going to start?
②讲到条件时(即如果一事发生，另一事也就发生)，用will / shall 对将来进行预测，不用be going to ，即使条件没有说出来
If I give you money you’ll only spend it on drink.
---Come out for a drink.
---No, my TV program.
A. I’m going to miss
B. I’ll miss
(B)
6、一般现在时及现在进行时表示将来的情况
高中英语语法：一般过去时
1、过去已经完成的动作、结束的事情，或在过去重复发生的动作
When I was a child we always went to the seaside in August.
2、used to :表示过去的习惯，现在不存在
I used to smoke, but I don’t any more.
3、用在it’s time, would rather, wish后面的从句中
It’s time you went home.
I wish I had a better memory.
I’d rather you came tomorrow.
4、在从句中用来说明现在还存在着“过去”的情况
I’m sorry we left Paris. It was such a nice place.
5、could, might, would, should等“过去”的情态动词可用来指现在或者将来
Could you help me for a moment ?
I think it might rain soon.
Would you come this way, please ?
Alice should be here soon.
6、一般过去时与现在完成时在时间上的比较
①现在完成时所用的时间词: since, ever since, for…, recently, lately, so far, yet, all this year, all my life, ever, never, already, before, just, in / during the last /past + 时间段, etc.
②一般过去时所用的时间词yesterday, last week, in 1999, when, years ago, then, just now, etc.
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