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高中英语语法

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  高中英语语法:过去完成时

  1、过去发生的两个动作,先发生的用过去完成时

  With their help I realized that I had been wrong.

  2、过去某时以前发生的动作或情况

  He hasn’t finished yet.

  He didn’t finish yesterday evening.

  He hadn’t finished by yesterday evening.

  3、常用过去完成时的情况

  ①No sooner…than…. Hardly…when…

  No sooner had he begun his speech than he was interrupted

  ②expect, hope, think, want, suppose等动词的过去完成时(或一般时)表示想做而未做的事

  I had planned to send him a telegram, but I didn’t manage it.

  4、使用过去完成时的必要性和非必要性

  ①句意十分清楚时,可用一般时

  After I finished, I went home.

  ②常用一般过去时表示依次发生的动作

  I got out of the taxi, paid the fare(车费) and managed it.

  ③有时必须明确,特别是含when时

  When I arrived, Ann left.

  (同时见到)(见到Ann)

  When I arrived, Ann had left.

  (先后发生)(没见到)

  5、常用过去完成时的时间主状语

  by the end of + 过去时间 ; by + 过去时间

  by the time + 过去时间; 过去时间 + before

  比较:

  By the time he was 11, he had learned 3000 words .

  By the time he is 11, he will have learned 3000 words.

  By the time last week, I had learned 3000 words.

  By the time next week, I will have learned 3000 words

  高中英语语法:一般将来时

  1、用will, shall 表示

  ①决定:谈及正在作出的一项决定时,常用I’ll----I will,不能用be going to ,因为它表示事先就已经作出的决定

  ---The phone’s ringing. ---I’ll answer it.

  ---Come to a party. ---OK. I’ll bring my friend.

  ②威胁和允诺:第一人称用will (‘ll);第二人称用shall

  I’ll hit you if you do that again.

  He shall have a gift for Christmas.

  ③提议和请求:用Shall I …?/Shall we…?表示提议;

  用Will you…?表示请求

  Shall I carry your bag? Will you give me a hand?

  ④I will/ We will 表示有强烈意图、提议、坚持或自愿做某事; 不能用shall

  I will stop smoking---I really will.

  2、用 be going to 表示

  ①已经决定要做的事情

  We’re going to France next summer.

  ②现在肯定讲会发生的事情

  Look at those clouds---it’s going to rain.

  ③强烈的决心

  I’m going to keep asking her out until she says yes.

  3、用be about to do sth 表示最近的将来,“正要”,“马上就要”

  I am about to leave when there is a knock at the door.

  4、用be to do sth表示预定要做的事情

  The French President is to visit Japan next week

  5、be going to 与 will / shall 的对比

  ①都可以表示预言

  Do you think the car will start / is going to start?

  ②讲到条件时(即如果一事发生,另一事也就发生),用will / shall 对将来进行预测,不用be going to ,即使条件没有说出来

  If I give you money you’ll only spend it on drink.

  ---Come out for a drink.

  ---No, my TV program.

  A. I’m going to miss

  B. I’ll miss

  (B)

  6、一般现在时及现在进行时表示将来的情况

  高中英语语法:一般过去时

  1、过去已经完成的动作、结束的事情,或在过去重复发生的动作

  When I was a child we always went to the seaside in August.

  2、used to :表示过去的习惯,现在不存在

  I used to smoke, but I don’t any more.

  3、用在it’s time, would rather, wish后面的从句中

  It’s time you went home.

  I wish I had a better memory.

  I’d rather you came tomorrow.

  4、在从句中用来说明现在还存在着“过去”的情况

  I’m sorry we left Paris. It was such a nice place.

  5、could, might, would, should等“过去”的情态动词可用来指现在或者将来

  Could you help me for a moment ?

  I think it might rain soon.

  Would you come this way, please ?

  Alice should be here soon.

  6、一般过去时与现在完成时在时间上的比较

  ①现在完成时所用的时间词: since, ever since, for…, recently, lately, so far, yet, all this year, all my life, ever, never, already, before, just, in / during the last /past + 时间段, etc.

  ②一般过去时所用的时间词yesterday, last week, in 1999, when, years ago, then, just now, etc.

  

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