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形容词和副词的英语语法讲解(2)

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  二、 副词及其基本用法

  副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。

  1、副词的位置

  1)在动词之前。

  2)在be动词、助动词之后。

  3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

  注意:

  a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:

  We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。

  b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如:

  He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。

  2、副词的排列顺序:

  1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。

  2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。例如:

  Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些

  3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

  注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。

  改错:

  (错)I very like English.

  (对)I like English very much.

  注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如:

  I don't know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。

  There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。

  There is food enough for everyone to eat.

  3、兼有两种形式的副词

  1) close与closely

  close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"。例如:

  He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。

  Watch him closely. 盯着他。

  2) late 与lately

  late意思是"晚";lately 意思是"最近"。例如:

  You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。

  What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗?

  3) deep与deeply

  deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"。例如:

  He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。

  Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。

  4) high与highly

  high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如:

  The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。

  I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。

  5) wide与widely

  wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"。例如:

  He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。

  English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

  6) free与freely

  free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"。例如:

  You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。

  You may speak freely; say what you like.你可以畅所欲言,想说什么就说什么。

  三、形容词和副词比较级解析

  形容词是用来修饰、描述名词或代词的词,主要用作定语、表语和补足语等。副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或全句的词。形容词和副词的比较级是中高考考点之一,但是由于在中高考中,同学们更加注重同位语、定语从句和非谓语动词等的备考,则会容易复习形容词和副词的复习。其实,形容词和副词的考试也是中高考的重要考点。今天,笔者对形容词和副词五个常见考点比较级进行归纳分析,希望对考生备考以及英语能力的提升有所帮助。

  1、比较级和最高级的常见结构

  1). “the +比较级……, the +比较级“:表示 “越……越……”

  The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is. 你越早看医生越好。

  The longer I waited, the less patient I became. 我等的越久就变得越不耐烦。

  2) the +序数词+最高级+单数可数名词: 表示“第几大的”

  This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。这是迈克尔·杰克逊第三受欢迎的歌曲。

  真题:

  1. (10上海卷)

  In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go , ____ 。

  A. our holidays will be better B. our holiday will be the better

  C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be

  2. (02上海卷) As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ____。

  A. the more for life you are equipped

  B. the more equipped for life you are

  C. the more life you are equipped for

  D. you are equipped the for life

  答案:1. C 2. B

  2、比较级和最高级的修饰语

  1)常见的比较级的修饰语有:

  much, a little, a great deal, far, by far, even, will, still, a bit, a little, rather, any, (far) larger than

  This movie is far more interesting than I expected. 这部电影比我原想的有意思的多。

  2) all the +比较级:愈来愈

  I worked all the harder. 我工作愈来愈努力了。

  3) 常见的最高级的修饰语有:

  序数词,by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really 等

  He is almost the best player. 他基本上是最好的选手。

  4) any 修饰比较级只用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句

  Can you do any better on this job? 你这件事情能不能做得更好些?

  真题:

  1. (06江苏卷) I wish you’d do ____ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better。

  A. a bit less B. any less

  C. much more D. a little more

  2. (07 全国卷II ) After two years’ research, we now have a ____ better understanding of the disease。

  A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite

  3. (08全国卷I) You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ______?

  A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more

  C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more bit

  答案:1. A 2. B 3. C

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