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小学英语考试实用的复习资料

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  在考试之前要把自己之前学习过的英语知识在看一篇就万无一失啦,下面小编就给大家整理了实用英语,欢迎大家阅读

  some /any

  肯定句:I have some toys in my bedroom.

  一般疑问句和否定句中:Do you have any brothers or sisters? He doesn’t have any pencils in his pencil case.

  表示建议、请求等:Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?

  祈使句

  Sit down, please. Don’t open the door.. Let’s go to the park.

  一:学生易错词汇

  1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.

  2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

  3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .

  4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.

  5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

  6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

  二:形容词比较级详解

  当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是:

  什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:

  I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

  An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

  形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:

  ① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

  ② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,

  ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier

  ④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

  ☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。

  典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)

  比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。

  应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

  比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big

  (1) How is the Yellow River?

  (2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.

  (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.

  (4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.

  三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则

  A、规则动词

  ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

  ② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

  ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

  ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

  B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:

  sing – sang ,

  eat – ate ,

  see – saw ,

  have – had ,

  do – did ,

  go – went ,

  take – took ,

  buy – bought ,

  get – got ,

  read – read ,

  fly – flew ,

  am/is – was ,

  are – were ,

  say – said ,

  leave – left ,

  swim – swam ,

  tell – told ,

  draw – drew ,

  come – came ,

  lose – lost ,

  find – found ,

  drink – drank ,

  hurt – hurt ,

  feel – felt

  四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则

  ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

  ② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing

  ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

  五:句型专项归类

  1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

  There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.

  2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

  He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

  He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

  ☆注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。

  3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。

  如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

  Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

  Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

  Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

  Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

  Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

  Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

  Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

  ☆注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,

  ①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

  ②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

  这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

  4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如:

  What is this? It’s a computer.

  What does he do? He’s a doctor.

  Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.

  Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

  Which season do you like best? Summer.

  When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

  Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.

  Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees.

  How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.

  How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

  ☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)

  例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

  How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

  How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

  ☆小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,

  How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……?

  How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……?

  How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……?


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