be动词用法说明
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be动词有am,is,are三种形式,be动词的用法你知道吗?和学习啦小编一起来看看吧。
be动词用法说明如下:
be动词的用法口诀 :
我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is连着他(he),她(she),它(it);
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。我们(we)你们(you)和他们(they)都用are;过去式am\is变was,are变 were;变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
一、be动词与人称代词的搭配
1、基本形式:am、are、is
(1) am
第一人称I+am (注意:“I”无论何时都要大写,不管位于句首还是句中)
例:I am a beautiful girl. I am twenty.
(2) are
第二人称you+are; 一人称复数we+are; 三人称复数they+are 其他复数名词+are (注意:第二人称单复数同形,都为you)
例:You are my good friend. We are in the same class.
They are on the road. The books are on the desk.
(3 is
第三人称he(男) +is ; she(女)+is; it(不是人)+is;其他单数名词+is
例:He\She is a good student. It is a white cat.
A dog is on that street.
2、肯定、否定、疑问(等于号后是简写)
肯定否定--be动词后加not一般疑问--be动词移到主语前一般疑问否定一般疑问回答 肯定和否定
I am… =I’m ….I am not…=I’m not ...Am I…?Am not I…?Yes,I’m. No,I’m not.
You are…= you’re…You are not…=You aren’t…Are you…?Are not you. ..? =Aren’t you…?Yes,you are. No,you are not.
She\He\It is…=She\He\It is not… =She\He\It isn’t…Is she\he\it…?Is not she\he\it…? =Isn’t she\he\it…?Yes,she\he\It is. No,she\he\It is not.
We are=We’reWe are not…=We aren’t…Are we…?Are not we…? =Aren’t we…?Yes,we are. No,we are not.
They are=They’reThey are not…=They aren’tAre they…?Are not they…? =Aren’t they…?Yes,they are. No,they are not.
例:I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
Am I a Chniese? 回答: 肯定:Yes, you are. 否定: No, you aren’t.
Is the cat fat? 回答:肯定:Yes, it is. 否定: No, it isn’t.
注意:在一般疑问回答中,肯定回答除I’m不可简写,否定回答均可简写。
另:特殊疑问句中:Where\How\Who\What\Why+be动词+人称代词或名词?
例:What is your name? My name is Lili.
Where are you? I’m in the classroom.
二、be动词专项练习题
(一.)用be动词适当的词填空。
1. I ________ from Australia.
2. She _______ an English student.
3.Mike and Tom _________ my friends.
4. My parents _______ very busy every day.
6.I ______ an English teacher now.
7.Where _________ you from?
10.The light _________ green.
11.My name _________ Li Lei. I _________ twelve.
12._______they your new friends?
13. I ______ a boy. ______you a boy? No, I _____ not.
14. The girl______ Jack's sister.
15. The dog _______ tall and fat.
16. ______ your brother in the classroom yesterday?
17. Where _____ your mother? She ______at home.
18. Whose dress ______ this?
19.That ______ my red skirt.
20.Who ______ I?
21. Some tea ______ in the glass.
22.Jhon ______ busy last weekend..
23. My sister's name ______Nancy.
24. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
25. ______ David and Helen from England?
26. We ____ friends.
27. She ___ a teacher.
28. I ___ a girl.
29. Many ants ____ in my house.
30.His mother ____ fat.
(二.)写出下列词适当形式:
1.I am (缩略形式) ______ 2.is (复数)______
3.we are (缩略形式) ______ 4.are not(缩略形式) ______
5.is not (缩略形式) ______ 6.is/am(过去式形式) ______
7.she's(完整形式) ______ 8.it's(完整形式) ______
9.they're(完整形式) ______ 10.are(过去式形式) ______
(三. )将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句
1.His brother is a teacher.
否定句:______________________________
一般疑问句: __________________________
2.They are his parents.
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑问句: ___________________________
3.I was busy last weekend.
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑问句: ___________________________
4.Lucy is gong to the bookstore tomorrow..
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑问句:__________________________???
5.I am an English teacher .
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑问句: ___________________________
6.They were busy yesterday.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑问句:___________________________
7.I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑问句: ___________________________
8.You were happy yesterday.
否定句:_______________________________
一般疑问句: ___________________________
9.We are twins.
否定句: _______________________________
一般疑问句: _______________________________
10.Mike was tired last weekend.
否定句: ______________________________
一般疑问句: _________________
how的用法总结
一、基本义为“怎么样”
一How do you go to school? -I go by bus. 一你是怎么去上学的? 一我是乘公共汽车去的。
一How can I get to the cinema? 一You can go by the No. 15 bus. 一我如何到达电影院呢?-你可以乘坐15路公交。
How do you feel?--I feel sick.--你感觉怎样?--我感觉难受。
二、作为疑问词的用法
How tall are you? -I am164cm tall.-你有多高呢?-我有164厘米高。
How heavy is he? - He is 50kg.-他有多重啊?他50公斤重。
How big are your feet? -I wear size 36.你穿多大的鞋子呢?我穿3号好的鞋子 。
How large is your room? -My room is 30 square meters.-你的房间有多大呢?我的房间有30平方米大。
How old are you? - I am 20 years old.-那你有多大呢?-我20岁了。
How long are your legs?-76cm.-你的腿有多长呢?-76厘米长。
三、与much和many连用
How much (money) do you want? 你需要多少钱?
How much water in the bottle? -A little.-瓶子里有多少谁呢?-一些。
How many (pictures) did you buy? 你买了多少幅(画)?
四、与副词连用
How fast does he drive? 他开得有多快?
How often do you go abroad? 你多长时间出一次国?
How badly was he hurt? 他伤得怎么样?
How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?
注意How is she?(她身体怎么样?)询问的是她的健康状况,而What is she like?(她长得什么样?)询问的是她的外貌。
另外,不要把How are you?(你身体怎么样?)和How do you do?(您好!)搞混。当两个人被介绍认识时,双方都说How do you do?这只是一句问候语而不是真的提出一个问题。
当别人同一问题时可以省略问:How about you?(你呢?)如:
Lily: How tall is Mike?--迈克多高呢?
Me: He is 170cm tall.--他有170厘米高。
Lily: How about you? --你呢?
Me: I am 165cm. --我有165厘米高。
特殊疑问词及特殊疑问句小结
特殊疑问句的两种结构
1)与陈述句的词序相同
①疑问词(who,what,which,whose)作主语
Who is there?谁在那儿?
②疑问词(what,which,whose)作定语用来修饰主语。
Which book is his?哪本书是他的?
2)疑问词+一般疑问句的词序
①疑问词作宾语
What are you Doing?你在干什么?
What are gonging to do this afternoon? 今天下午你打算干什么?
②疑问词作表语
Who is she?她是谁?
What is the time? 几点了?
What color is the book? 那本书是什么颜色?
What is the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
What is the date today? 今天是几月几日?
What else? 其他还有什么?
③疑问词作定语(其所修饰的成分是主语或宾语或表语)
Whose bag is that?那是谁的包?
④疑问词作状语
How old are you?你多大年纪了?
1)疑问代词
who谁 whom谁
whose谁的 which哪个,哪些
what什么
2)疑问副词(用作状语)
when何时 where何地
Why为什么 how 如何
how much多少 how many多少
how long多久 how old多大年纪
how far多远 how big多大
how often 几次?
be going to 的用法总结
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文章类型:原创 发表于:2012/7/17 13:39:17
一、be going to 的用法点拨
be going to 是一种固定结构,它后面跟动词原形,用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作或事件,有时也可以表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作,有“准备;打算”的意思。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语。例如:
We are going to play football this afternoon.今天下午我们打算踢足球。(安排)
Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测)
二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式
be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,它一般有三种形式,即:am , is , are 。当主语是 I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是第二人称(you)或复数时用are。例如:
I am going to buy some books on Sunday.周日我打算去买些书。
She is going to visit her aunt and uncle this weekend.她打算这个周末去看望她的阿姨和叔叔。
You are going to clean your room this afternoon.今天下午你打算打扫你的房间。
We are going to visit the Great Wall this weekend.我们打算这个周末去参观长城。
Mike and John are going to the cinema tomorrow.迈克和约翰打算明天去看电影。
三、含be going to 的句子变否定句和一般疑问句的变法
由于句子中有助动词be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易,即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就构成了否定句;把be (am, is, are) 放到句首,在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句,其答语为:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.不过 I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you ....?”。例如:
They are going to beijing next week. (肯定句)
They are not going to beijing next week. (否定句)
-Are they going to beijing next week?
-Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑问句的肯定与否定回答)
We are going to play basketball on Saturday. (肯定句)
We are not going to play basketball on Saturday. (否定句)
-Are you going to play basketball on Saturday? (一般疑问句)
- Yes, we are. (No, we aren't ) (一般疑问句的肯定与否定回答 )
He is going to do his homework Saturday afternoon. (肯定句)
He is not going to do his homework Saturday afternoon.. (否定句)
-Is he going to do his homework Saturday afternoon? (一般疑问句)
- -Yes, he is. ( No, he isn't.) (一般疑问句的肯定与否定回答 )
四、使用be going to 应注意的两点
1. There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如:
There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。
2. come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如:
Lucy is coming tonight.今晚露西要来。
there be 句型用法总结
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文章类型:原创 发表于:2012/7/17 15:13:31
There be 结构是英语中陈述事物客观存的常用句型,表示“有”,其确切含义是“存在”there 作为引导词,本身没有意义,用动词be的某些形式作为谓语动词,它的主语是用一些表示泛指或不定特指的名词词组,动词be和主语的数必须一致。句子最后通常为表示地点和时间的状语。因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用
“There be + 名词+ 地点(时间)这一句型。例如:
There is a bookstore across the street.
穿过街道,有一家书店。
There are some students in the classroom.
在教室里有一些学生。
一、There be 结构中的主谓一致
1.当动词be后所接的名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词时,be 应该取单数is;当其后所接的名词是复数的可数名词时,be用复数are。
There is a book on the desk.
书桌上有一本书。
There is some water in the bottle.
瓶子里有些水。
There are some eggs in the box.
盒子里有一些鸡蛋。
2.如果There be 后面是几个并列名词做主语时,动词be的形式和最靠近它的那个名词保持数的一致。
There is an English book and two notes on the shelf. 架子上有一本英语书和两个笔记本。
There are notes and English book on the shelf. 架子上有两个笔记本和一本英语书。
二、There be 结构在一般现在时态中的句子结构
1.肯定句:There be +名词 +某处
例如:There is a tree in the yard.在院子里有一棵树。
There is some water in the bottle.在瓶子里有一些水。
There are some books on the desk.在书桌上有一些书。
2.否定句:There be + not+名词 +某处
例如:There is not a tree in the yard.在院子里没有树。
There is not any water in the bottle.在瓶子里有没水。
There are not any books on the desk.在书桌上没有一些书。
3.一般疑问句:be there +名词 +某处
例如:Is there a tree in the yard?在院子里有一棵树吗?
--Yes, there is. (No, there isn't.)
Is there any water in the bottle? 在瓶子里有一些水吗?
--Yes, there is. (No, there isn't.)
Are there any books on the desk? 在书桌上有一些书吗?
--Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)
三、There be 结构和have的区别与联系
1.区别点:there be 意为存在,强调某地有某物,不表示所属关系;have 表示所有关系,
强调某人或某地有某物,这是其基本用法。如:
There are some trees in front of the house.
房前有些树。
Tom has many friends in China.
汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
2.相同点:在表示结构上的含有时,既可以用there be 句型,也可以用have(has) 来表示。如:
中国有许多长河。
There are many long rivers in China.
China has many long rivers.
三月份有多少天?
How many days are there in March?
How many days has March
some和any的用法总结
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文章类型:原创 发表于:2012/7/17 16:59:22
我们知道,some通常用于肯定句,any则用于常否定句或疑问句中。但随着学习的深入,我们发现,情况并不完全如此,上述说法只能算是对some和any用法的一个不太准确和完整的概括。由于some和any是英语中比较常用的词,我们有必要对其用法作出较完善的归纳。
一、some和any作为形容词或代词,可以用来说明或代替复数名词或不可数名词,表示不定量,意为“一些”,其区别是:对其所说明或代替的名词持肯定态度时,用some;持非肯定(否定或疑问)态度时,用any。
在以下句子中使用some:
1.肯定句(包括肯定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中肯定的陈述部分)。如:
There are some new books on the desk.
I have a lot of sugar. Take some with you, please.
He bought some apples, didn't he?
2.持肯定态度的一般疑问句。如:
Are there some eggs in the box?
Didn't she give you some bread?
3.表示请求或建议的一般疑问句,通常都希望得到对方肯定的答复,所以也用some。如:
May I ask you some questions?
Would you like some tea?
4.特殊疑问句及选择疑问句。因为特殊疑问句和选择疑问句并不对some所说明或代替的名词表示疑问。如:
Where can I get some buttons?
Do you have some pens or pencils?
在以下句子中使用any:
1.否定句(包括否定的陈述句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中否定的陈述部分)。如:
I don't have any money now.
Do not make any noise.
There weren't any trees here, were there?
2.含有除not以外的其他否定词或否定结构的句子。如:
Jim hardly makes any mistakes in his homework.
He went to London without any money in his pocket.
She was too poor to buy any new clothes.
3.一般疑问句(持肯定态度的除外)。如:
Did she buy any tomatoes yesterday?
I want some paper. Do you have any?
二、some还可表示“某些”或用在单数名词前表示“某一个”。any则可用于表示“任何一些”或“(至少3个中)任何一个”,二者均可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中。如:
I don't like some of them.
He is working at some place in the north.
Any criminal(s) will be punished.
You can take any of these.
三、some和any也可作为副词,用于比较级前,表示程度,意为“稍许,几分”,用法与其作形容词或代词表示“一些”时基本相同。如:
He feels some better now.
She was so tired that she could not go any further.
some还可以用在数字之前,意为“大约”。如:
He is some forty years old.
一般过去式时态的用法总结
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文章类型:原创 发表于:2012/7/17 14:24:06
一般过去式的用法:
一般过去式 表示过去的动作和状态,通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词,词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, two days ago ,last weekend等等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
I worked in that factory last year. 去年我在那一家工厂工作。
I met Lucy yesterday. 昨天我碰见了露西。
We went to the Great Wall yesterday.
昨天我们去了长城。
一般过去式构成: 表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。
动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。
a.规则动词的过去式变化如下:
①一般情况下在动词原形后直接加- ed。如:wanted,played, worked played ,acted, looked called opened needed。
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d。如:hoped,lived。
③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 - ed ,如: stopped planned fitted
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i,再加- ed。如:studied,, tried ,copied ,cried, 。
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play enjoy stay-- played enjoyed stayed
规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住:清后[t],元浊[d],[t] [d]之后读[id]。
①清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s]等后,ed要读[t]。如:worked,finished。
②元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后,ed要读[d]。如:lived,called。
③[t]或[d]后,ed读[id]。如:started,needed。
b.不规则动词变化
不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
1.动词原形和过去式完全同形。
例: hurt(伤害) put(放) let(让)
2.动词原形、过去式形式完全不同。
例: give(给) gave 、 fly(飞) flew 、drink(喝) drank 、see(看见) saw 、go(去) went 、 make - made 、get - got 、buy - bought 、come- came 、 know(知道)- knew 、 wear(穿) wore 、 speak(说) spoke、take-took、win-won、swim-swam、draw-drew
be动词过去式有两种形式,主语是第一、三人称(am/is)单数形式使用was,其他人称(are)用were
助动词do/does的过去式为did
3.动词原形、过去式形式完全不同但读音不同的。
例如:read(【ri: d】)- read (【red】)
不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。
一般过去式句子构成:
1.肯定句:主语+动词的过去式形式+其他+过去的时间
例如:We went to the bookstore yesterday.
2.否定句:主语+ did +not+动词原形+其他+过去的时间
例如:We did not go to the bookstore yesterday.
3.一般疑问句:Did + 主语 +动词原形+其他+过去的时间
例如:Did you go to the bookstore yesterday?
--Yes, we did. (No, we didn’t.)
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