before的用法总结(3)
When he receives the letter, he’ll tell us.
他要是收到信就会告诉我们的。
I’ll do that when necessary.
有必要我就会那样做。
How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?
如果你不宽恕别人,你自己怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢?
④引导并列分句总是置于另一分句之后,不可前置,相当于and just at the time。如:
I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me.
我正要去游泳,这时我们的导游看见我并对着我喊叫。
We were watching TV, when suddenly the light went out.
我们正在看电视,灯突然熄了。
by 与 before
当英译终止时间时,比如“在某月某日之前”,如果包括所写日期时,就用介词 by;如果不包括所写日期,即指到所写日期的前一天为止,就要用介词 before。
例如:卖方须在 7 月 15 日前将货交给买方。 The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by July 15.(or: before July 16,说明含 7 月 15 日在内。如果不含 7 月 15 日,就译为 by July 14 或者 before July 15。
1.ago只能用于过去时,放在表示“时间段”的词语之后,表示从现在算起的一段时间之前,如:
His father died five years ago.
(他的父亲5年前去世了。)
2.before后接“时间点”,可用于任何时态,如:
She got to his office before 5 o’clock.
(她5点钟以前就到了办公室。)
We hope to get home before six o’clock .
(我们希望6点钟前回到家。)
注意:
(1)before单独使用,常与现在完成时连用,也可与一般过去时连用,如:
I have never met him before.
(我以前从未见过他。)
I never met him before.
(我从未见过他。)
(2)before也可放在表“时间段”的词语后,与过去完成时连用,表示从过去某时刻算起的若干时间以前,如:
在历年的高考中,状语从句是单项填空部分的热点和重点。同时,由于状语从句的种类繁多,因此也是高中英语教学的难点。纵观近几年的全国高考试题,考查的重点仍是考生容易混淆的近似连词的用法,试题结构趋向复杂,设问的角度也趋向多样化。
1、做状语从句题目时一定要思维清晰。关键是要把握分句间的逻辑关系,做出正确的选择。
2、要具备相应的状语从句的知识,熟悉连接词的意义和语用特征。如as, since, when, before, while 等不易掌握的词。
对于状语从句考点来说,辨析从句的连接词是考查得最多的知识点。作好这类题目的关键是要熟练掌握各个连接词或短语的具体含义,尤其是同一个词用于不同语境,不同类型状语从句中的具体意义。
考点1:when引导的状语从句
【例题1】(05-上海-34)He transplanted the little tree to the garden ______ it was the best time for it.
A.where B.when C.that D.until
【例题2】(05-福建-24)---Did Jack come back early last night ?
---Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ______ he arrived home.
A.before B.when C.that D.until
【例题3】(06-湖南-31)I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ______ I heard the steps.
A.while B.when C.since D.after
【例题4】(06-山东-31)How can you expect to learn anything ______ you never listen ?
A.in case B.even if C.unless D.when
【例题5】(06-辽宁-24)He was about halfway through his meal ______ a familiar voice came to his ears.
A.why B.where
C.when D.while
【例题1】(05-上海-34)考查特殊意思 此处when=since; considering that 既然;考虑到。句意:考虑到这是移种小树的最好时机, 他把那棵小树移植到了花园。
【例题2】(05-福建-24)考查基本意思 句意:当他到家时还不到八点。注意下面几句话:
It is five years since he left school. 他毕业5年了。
It was five years ago that he left school. (强调句型) 5年前他毕业了。
It was five o'clock when he left home. 当他离开家时是5点钟。
It was five years before he left school. 5年后他才毕业。
同学们在做题时要注意不同的连接词在类似结构中,句意完全不同。
【例题3】(06-湖南-31)句意:我刚走出浴室, 正忙着用毛巾擦身体, 就在这时我听到了脚步声。when此时用作并列连词,意思是“正在此时、正在那时”。
【例题4】(06-山东-31)考查特殊意思 句意:既然你从来不听,又怎能指望学到东西呢?when: conj. considering that 既然,考虑到。再比如:Why do you want a new job ______ you've got such a good one already? A 选项 in case (万一、以防);B选项even if(即使);C选项unless(除非,如果不),不符合本题要求。
【例题5】(06-辽宁-24)题干的意思是“饭刚刚吃到一半的时候,______他听到一个熟悉的声音。when此时用作并列连词,意为just at that time,when此意义常见句式:be about to do …when…/be on the point of doing…when…(正要做某事就在这时)/ be doing…when …(正在做某事就在这时)
考点小结---when 的用法
1、当……时候参看【例题2】解析
2、since; considering that 既然;考虑到,参见【例题1】&【例题4】
3、并列连词,意为at that time, 参看【例题3】&【例题5】解析
4、句型:when it comes to …要是提到,要是提及…eg. When it comes to tennis, I know nothing about it.
考点2:while引导的状语从句
【例题1】(06-全国I-13)We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, ______, in fact, there were 40.
A.while B.whether C.what D.which
【例题2】(06-天津-2)The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A.since B.when C.as D.while