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2019初中英语语法知识点分享

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  英语语法是英语知识中十分重要的环节,不过毕竟英语不是我们的母语,所以想要运用得得心应手的话,还是需要多多学习的。今天我们就一起来了解一下有关英语知识中的语法知识点,希望能够对您有所帮助!

  英语语法一

  1. 使用比较等级的基本原则:不作比较用原级,两者比较用比较级,多者比较用最高级。如:

  He is very tall. 他很高。(尽管“很高”,但没有比较,故用原级)

  He is very short, but taller than me. 他很矮,但比我高。

  Among the three short girls, Mary is the tallest. 在这三个矮姑娘中,玛丽是最高的。

  2. 不能使用双重比较等级:即构成比较级时不能既在词尾加 -er,又在其前加 more;构成最高级时不能既在词尾加-est,又在其前加 most。如:

  误:His English is more better than mine.

  正:His English is much better than mine. 他的英语比我的英语好多了。

  虽不能说more better, most earliest 之类的,但可用“比较级+and+比较级”这样的形式:

  It’s getting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和了。

  The city is becoming more and more beautiful.这个城市变得越来越美丽了。

  3. 使用比较等级要合乎逻辑。请看下面两道题:

  (1) Her music is more beautiful than ______.

  A. me

  B. you

  C. us

  D. his

  此题应选 D,其中的his=his music。因为从逻辑上说,应该是her music与his music作比较,而不是her music与me, you, us比较。

  (2) China is larger than ______ country in Asia.

  A. any

  B. other

  C. any other

  D. any others

  此题应选C,因为China也在Asia范围内,所以应在any后加上other,以排除自己比自己大的不合理逻辑。

  英语语法二

  When she saw it, she turned red. 她看到它时脸红了。(时间状语从句)

  He was angry because I was late. 他很生气因为我迟到了。 (原因状语从句)

  If you come, he抣l be pleased. 如果你来,他会高兴的。(条件状语从句)

  He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他气得话都说不出来。(结果状语从句)

  Although he is poor, he’s happy. 虽然穷,但他仍很快乐。(让步状语从句)

  You must do as I tell you. 你必须按我告诉你的去做。(方式状语从句)

  Put it where you can reach it. 把它放在你可以拿到的地方。(地点状语从句)

  Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些,以便他们能理解你。(目的状语从句)

  Tell him as soon as he arrives. 他一来就告诉他。(不能用will arrive)

  在时间和条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态:

  I won’t go if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨,我就不去。(不能用will rain)

  有时也可见到 if you will 这样的说法,但那不是将来时态,而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(此时的 will是情态动词):

  If you will wait a moment, I’ll fetch the money. 请等一下,我就去拿钱。

  英语语法三

  一、后接in doing sth

  difficulty后接in doing sth时,意思是“做某事有困难”,其中的介词in含有while的意思,表示“当……的时候”“在……的过程中”,整个结构的意思是“当做某事的时候有困难”“在做某事的过程中有困难”。如:

  We had difficulty in finding a parking place. 我们费了很大劲才找到一个停车位。

  They shouldn’t have any difficulty in finding the house. 他们找这房子时大概不会有困难。

  If you should have any difficulty in getting spare parts ring this number. 万一你买备件时遇到什么困难,请打这个电话号码。

  One way of deciding what to do when you have difficulty in choosing the best course of action is to toss a coin. 当人们遇到困难不知选什么行动方案最好的时候,一个办法就是扔硬币来决定干什么好。

  注:该结构中的介词in有时可以省略。如:

  I had difficulty carrying out the plan. 我执行这项计划有困难。

  She was having great difficulty getting her car out, and so I had to move my car to let her out. 当时她正无法把车子开出来,所以我就移开了我的车子让她开出来。

  另外,若difficulty后没有出现动名词,而是接名词,则要用with sth。如:

  Some people had difficulty with the lecture, but most understood. 有些人听讲有困难,但大部分人听懂了。

  If you have the least difficulty with the arrangements for the conference, phone me at once. 如果你安排会议有什么困难,马上给我打电话。

  二、后接about doing sth

  difficulty后接 about doing sth时,表示关于做某事的困难,其中的介词about意为“关于”。如:

  There shouldn’t be any difficulty about getting you a visa. 给你弄个签证不会有什么困难吧。

  注:about后也可直接跟名词作宾语,此时的about仍表示“关于”的意思。如:

  There oughtn’t to have been any difficulty about it 此事本不应有什么困难。

  此时还可用介词over表示类似意思。如:

  There doesn’t seem to have been any difficulty over the money question. 在钱的问题上似乎没发生什么困难。

  三、后接of doing sth

  difficulty后接of doing sth时,表示做某事的困难,其中介词of表示所属关系,相当汉语的“的”字。如:

  He tried to explain to me the difficulty of learning to cook from books. 他向我解释照着书本学习烹饪的困难。

  One of the annoyances of working here is the difficulty of parking near the office. 在这里工作有一件伤脑筋的事,就是在办公处附近很难停车。

  Both “feat” and “achievement” emphasize the difficulty of accomplishing something mental or physical. feat和achievement均着重指在脑力或体力方面完成某事物的艰巨性。

  注:of后也可直接跟名词作宾语,此时的介词of仍表示所属关系,意为“……的困难”。如:

  She has no notion of the difficulty of this problem. 她不了解这个问题的难处。

  Do you understand the difficulty of my position? 你了解我处境的困难吗?

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