新人教版必修1Unit 1 Friendship知识点与同步练习(3)
Ⅰ.完形填空
Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed theways of mining，construction，andwarfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸药).OnApril 12,1888，Alfred’s brother Ludwig died of heart attack.A major Frenchnewspaper 1 his brother for him and carried anarticle 2 the death of Alfred Nobel.“The merchant of death is dead，” the article read.“Dr.AlfredNobel，whobecame 3 by finding ways to kill more peoplefaster than ever before，died yesterday.”Nobel was 4 to find out not that he had died, butthat，whenhis time was up，he would bethought of only as one who profited from 5 anddestruction.
To make sure that he was 6 withlove and respect，Nobel arranged in his 7 togive the largest part of his money to 8 the Nobel prizes，whichwould be awarded to people who made great 9 tothe causes of peace，literature，and thesciences.So 10 ，Nobelhad to die before he realized what his life was really about.
1.A.foundB.misunderstood
C.mistook D.judged
解析：选C。句中提到是Alfred的兄弟的死让人们误以为是Alfred死了。mistake...for...误以为……是……。
2.A.introducing B.announcing
C.implying D.advertising
解析：选B。报纸上“宣布”死讯用announce，即“公开宣布”的意思。
3.A.famous B.sick
C.rich D.popular
解析：选C。由首句“became a millionaire”以及报纸上称他为“the merchant ofdeath”可知，Alfred是因为发明炸药(即找到了比以前更快的致人死亡的杀人方式)而致富的，因此rich符合题意。
4.A.upset B.anxious
C.excited D.pleased
解析：选A。Alfred看到自己死亡的报道，并且报道说Alfred是通过“kill more people faster”而致富的，这当然令他感到“upset(沮丧)”。这里应该用一个描写负面情绪的形容词，所以excited与pleased应首先排除。
5.A.death B.disease
C.trouble D.attack
解析：选A。他因发明炸药而从“死亡”与毁灭中获益。此处death与destruction对应，上下文中也反复提到kill，death等信息词。
6.A.repaid B.described
C.supported D.remembered
解析：选D。Alfred要确保自己被别人充满爱和尊敬地“记住”，所以用be remembered。
7.A.book B.article
C.will D.contract
解析：选C。由“...to give the largest part of his moneyto...”可知，诺贝尔在“遗嘱”中对他大部分的钱财作出了安排。
8.A.establish B.form
C.develop D.promote
解析：选A。根据词组搭配与常识，应为establish the Noble prizes(设立诺贝尔奖)。
9.A.additions B.sacrifices
C.changes D.contributions
解析：选D。make contributions to意为“对……作出贡献”;make sacrifices作出牺牲。
10.A.generally B.basically
C.usually D.certainly
解析：选B。该题难度较大，只有充分理解了句意才能得出答案。句意：所以“从根本上来说”，诺贝尔只有死了才意识到他生活的真正意义是什么(正是因为人们误以为他死了而表达了对他否定的看法，从而让他意识到他应该做点什么才能让人们带着爱和尊敬记住他)。
Ⅱ.语法填空
You may have noticed that you feel hungry a lot evenif you eat three meals a day.This is normal.You need to pay attention to 11 you eat.Stuffing your face with a largepackage of potato chips after class may give you a quick boost， 12 a snack that is high in fat and calories willonly slow you down in the long run. 13 (choose) healthy snacks means shoppingsmartly.Be careful of the health claims on food packages.The following are somethings to watch out for.Just because something says “allnatural” or “pure”， 14 doesn’talways mean that it’s good foryou.For example，“all natural”juice drinks or sodas can be 15 (fill) with sugar 16 isnatural.If the fat has been cut back，the amount ofsugar in the food may have been increased to keep the food 17 (taste) good.Keep 18 (health) snacks with you.Keep plenty of freshfruit at home，so you 19 take them with you when yougo out. 20 you want something salty，eatwhole grain biscuits instead of potato chips.
11.解析：what引导一个名词性从句，作pay attention to的宾语。
答案：what
12.解析：前后两个分句之间有转折意思，故填but。
答案：but
13.解析：考查动名词短语作主语。
答案：Choosing
14.解析：it在这儿指代前面提到过的“all natural” or “pure”。
答案：it
15.解析：考查固定搭配：be filled with。
答案：filled
16.解析：因先行词是物，故填which引导一个定语从句。
答案：which
17.解析：keep the food tasting good意思是“让食物有好味道”。
答案：tasting
18.解析：snacks是名词，名词前面应用形容词修饰，故填healthy。
答案：healthy
19.解析：当你出门的时候可以带着它们。
答案：can[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]
20.解析：考查if引导的条件状语从句。如果你想吃咸的东西，请吃谷物饼干，而不要吃薯片。
答案：If
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSNor QQ，listento music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing theliteral Chinese translation of the abbreviations(缩写).
But they don’thave to，asmany English letters have become part of the local lexicon(词典).
A dozen abbreviations including GDP，NBA，IT，MP3，QQ，DVDand CEO are among the 5,000 most?frequently used words in the Chinese?languagemedia last year，accordingto a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China，whichwas released in Beijing.
The report said some parents are so keen on Englishletters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claimingthe character used in e?mail addresses reflected their love for thechild.
While the “@” is obviously familiar to Chinese e?mail users，theyoften use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which soundssomething like “ai ta”，or “lovehim”，to Mandarin(普通话)speakers.
The study collected more than one billion languagesamples from newspapers，magazines，TV，radioand websites.The annual report is compiled (编辑) by theMinistry of Education and the State Language Commission.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
“Nowadays，moreand more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese，makingthem an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min，a professor atCommunication University of China.
“The abbreviations have gainedpopularity because of the convenience of usage，”Housaid.
For example，DNA is muchsimpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan.
“As more Chinesepeople learn foreign languages，especially English，in recent years，usingabbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said.
Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion incommunication.
21.Why do so many Chinese like to use English abbreviations?
A.Because they don’thave to know the literal Chinese translation.
B.Because that’s abetter way to learn English.
C.Because these abbreviations are part of their locallexicon.
D.Because it’sconvenient for them to use the abbreviations.
解析：选D。细节理解题。从文章第八段和第九段可以看出选D项。
22.A couple want to name their child “@”because of its __________.[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]
A.popularity B.pronunciation
C.meaning D.usage
解析：选B。推理判断题。由文章第四段和第五段的内容我们不难发现这对夫妇用@的发音来表达对孩子的爱意。
23.The underlined word “contaminate” in the last paragraph probably means ________.
A.make impure B.smoothaway
C.make clear D.make up
解析：选A。词义猜测题。从文章最后一段的内容可以看出人们担心这样使用语言会“污染、弄脏”中文的纯净性。所以这里选A项。
24.The usage of English abbreviations will be ________in China.
A.limited by the Ministry of Education
B.encouraged by most language scholars
C.more popular among educated people
D.officially forbidden by the government
解析：选C。细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以看出选C项。
25.The passage aims to tell us ________.
A.English abbreviations become popular in China
B.English abbreviations will take the place ofMandarin
C.the arguments about English abbreviations[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
D.how we can use abbreviations properly
解析：选A。主旨大意题。从全文可知，本篇文章主要告诉我们现在有越来越多的英文缩写在中国得到了广泛的使用。由此可以推断选A项。
B
If you are a male and you are reading this，congratulations:you are a survivor.According to statistics，you are morethan twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman，andnine times more likely to die of AIDS.Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term，about78 years for men in Australia，you will die on average five years before a woman.
There are many reasons for this-typically，mentake more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke but perhapsmore importantly，men don’toften go to the doctor.
Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50?year?old man whohad delayed doing anything about his smoker’scough for a year.
“When I finallysaw him，ithad already spread and he has since died from lung cancer，”he says.“Earlierdetection and treatment may not have cured him，but it wouldhave prolonged his life.”
“A lot of menthink they are invincible (不可战胜的)，”Gullottasays. “They only comein when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think，‘Geez，if it could happen to him，__________.’”
Then there is the ostrich approach，“some men are scared of what might be there and wouldrather not know，”says Dr.Ross Cartmill.
“Most men gettheir cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies，” Cartmill says.He believes most diseases thatcommonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check?ups.
Regular check?ups for men would unavoidably placestrain on the public purse，Cartmill says.“Butprevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases.Besides，thefinal cost is far greater: it is called premature death.”
26.The average life of Australian women is ________.
A.about 75 years B.about73 years
C.about 78 years D.about83 years
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话可知女性的平均寿命比男性的平均寿命长五年，而男性的平均寿命大约是78岁，因此女性的平均寿命就大约是83岁。
27.What does the author state is the most importantreason that men die earlier on average than women?
A.Men drink and smoke much more than women.
B.Men don’tseek medical care as often as women.[来源:学_科_网]
C.Men aren’t ascautious as women in face of danger.
D.Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知最主要的原因是男性不太喜欢看医生。由此可知，B项符合题意。
28.Which of the following best completes the sentence“Geez，if it could happen to him，________”?
A.it could happen to me，too.
B.I should avoid playing golf.
C.I should consider myself lucky.
D.it would be a big misfortune.
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。结合上下文内容可知这时他们便会想：既然这种事情能够发生在他身上，那就也有可能发生在我身上。可见A项最合理。
29.What does the underlined phrase “ ostrich approach”mean?
A.A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.
B.A new illness for certain psychological problems.
C.Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of thepain involved.
D.Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.
解析：选D。词义猜测题。根据后面的描述可推知，文中划线词组的意思是因为害怕有问题所以不愿意知道。
30.What does Cartmill say about regular check?ups formen?
A.They may increase public expenses.
B.They will save money in the long run.
C.They may cause psychological strains on men.
D.They will enable men to live as long as women.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，虽然通常的体检会花钱，可是从长远看，这比生病时花钱治病要省钱，由此可知，B项正确。
