历年英语四级真题解析
英语四级真题模拟练习，包括写作、听力、阅读、翻译等国家英语四级考试包含所有的题型，有利于锻炼学生。下面是小编收集推荐的英语四级真题，仅供参考，欢迎阅读。
2014年6月英语四级真题试卷
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.
B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.
C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.
D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.
B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.
3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C) The man had better talk with the students himself.
D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.
B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.
5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.
B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.
6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.
7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.
C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call.
B) The woman is waiting for a call.
C) The woman is doing some repairs.
D) The man knows the mechanic very well.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) She had a job interview to attend.
B) She was busy finishing her project.
C) She had to attend an important meeting.
D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.
10. A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.
B) Hand in her roommate’s application form.
C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.
D) Help her roommate with her report.
11. A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.
B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.
B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.
13. A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.
B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.
14. A) It is an awful waste of time.
B) He finds it rather unbearable.
C) The time on the train is enjoyable.
D) It is something difficult to get used to.
15. A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.
B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage One
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
16. A) Ignore small details while reading.
B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C) Develop a habit of reading critically.
D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. A) Choose one’s own system of marking.
B) Underline the key words and phrases.
C) Make as few marks as possible.
D) Highlight details in a red color.
18. A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.
B) By reviewing only the marked parts.
C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D) By comparing notes with their classmates.
Passage Two
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.
B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.
21. A) His extraordinary physical condition.
B) His mother’s injury just before his birth.
C) The unique surroundings of his living place.
D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
Passage Three
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
22. A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C) She developed a strong interest in finance.
D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
23. A) She made a wise investment in real estate.
B) She sold the restaurant with a substantial profit.
C) She got 1.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. A) She was extremely mean with her money.
B) She was dishonest in business dealings.
C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D) She abused animals including her pet dog.
25. A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.
C) She made huge donations to charities.
D) She carried on her family’s tradition.
Section C
Direction: In the section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Among the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are (26)______ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to (27)______ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly (28)_______. Speakers or English have a similar gesture through the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the (29)______ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombian, a speaker of English would have to know that when he (30)________ height he most choose between different gestures depending on whether he is (31)_______ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand (32)_________ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter, in Colombia this gesture is (33)_________ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand (34)_________ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also (35)________ moment. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate (文盲). Many 36 do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The 37 Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey .of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, 38 18th.
The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government 39 a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.
One discouragement to reading is that books are 40 . Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the counties leaders long 41 education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s.
All this me Brazil’s book market has the biggest growth 42 in the western world.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004, 89 million, including textbooks 43 by the government, than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library 44 . He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蚁） had eaten much of the 45 . That ought to be a cause for national shame.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)average
B)collection
C)distributed
D)exhibition
E)expensive
F)launched
G)named
H)neglected
I) normal
J) particularly
K) potential
L) quit
M) ranked
N) simply
O) treasured
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Touch-Screen Generation
A) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children’s apps（应用程序）for phones and tablets（平板电脑）gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children’s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall's second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe（敬畏）and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori’s, “The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence.”
B) What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking（戳）their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.
C) In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group’s critical need for “direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers.” The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, the group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, “high-quality programs” could have “educational benefits.”) The 2011 report mentioned “smart cell phone” and “new screen” technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good mightcome from those little swiping（在电子产品上刷）fingers.
D) I had come to the developers’ conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy’s ideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that the more cautious doctors weren’t ready to address.
E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home.
“They don’t play all that much.”
Really? Why not?
“Because I don’t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it’s clearly
educational. ”
No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of
overcontrolling parents.
“On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.”
F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. “At home,” she assured me, “I only let her watch movies in Spanish. ’’
G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age: as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives. American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate（航行）all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical（外科的）instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child's IQ and help him win some great robotics competition—but only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can’t make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world.
H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences - that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged（放纵的）will add up to some permanent handicap（障碍）in the future—and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.
47. American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.
48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.
49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids, screen time.
50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain development.
51. So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.
52. American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’ interpersonal relationships.
53. The author expected developers of children's apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.
54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.
55. The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it.
All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap—that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don’t seek as many management roles—failed to justify this one. These young women didn’t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles.
But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ years on campus.
Now that women arc the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous（非常严格的）subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious plans.
As a result, it's not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling（栽倒）over the dilemmas their grandmothers' generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy（性感的）? All their lives, today's young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion to pursue science and sports, math and theater and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56. Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because_________.
A) they have failed to take as many rigorous courses
B) they do not feel as fit for management roles
C) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home
D) they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities
57. What does the author say about America's higher education system?
A) It does not offer specific career counseling to women.
B) It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.
C) It does not take care of women students' special needs.
D) It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.
58. What does the author say about today's college experience?
A) It is different for male and female students.
B) It is not the same as that of earlier generations.
C) It is more exhausting than most women expect.
D) It is not so satisfying to many American students.
59. What does the author say about women students in college?
A) They have no idea how to bring out their best.
B) They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.
C) They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.
D) They don't perform as well as they did in high school.
60. How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?
A) Women arc too worn out to be ambitious.
B) Women are not ready to take management roles.
C) Women are caught between career and family.
D) Women are not good at negotiating salaries.
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I sec way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to (追求）leadership in the first place.
We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.
Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and or the needs of the moment demand it.
Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren't working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.
True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn’t their only tool. In fact, it isn’t ever their primary tool. Great leaders see more than everyone else: answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. They know it’s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally important.
If you're too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren't leading at all, you're dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。
61. What does the author think of the leaders he knows?
A) Many of them are used to taking charge.
B) Few of them are equal to their positions.
C) Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.
D) Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.
62. Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?
A) They believe they have the natural gift to lead.
B) They believe in what leadership literature says.
C) They have proved competent in many situations.
D They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.
63. What characterizes a great leader according to the author?
A) Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.
B) Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.
C) Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.
D) Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.
64. How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?
A) They reassess the situation at hand. C) They resort to any tool available.
B) They become impatient and rude. D) They blame their team members.
65. What is the author’s advice to leaders?
A) Concentrate on one specific task at a time.
B) Use different tools to achieve different goals.
C) Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.
D) Show determination when faced with tough tasks.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。该比例在所有核国家中居第3 0位，几乎是最低的。
2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全险查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。
随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。换句话说，核能是可以安全开发和利用的。
部分真题参考答案(完整版)
Part Ⅰ Writing
A Tour to Mount Tai
I am delighted to learn that my foreign friend, Bill, is going to take vacation in my hometown. For the sake of his hospitality I enjoyed in England, I will show him around the landscape, among which Mount Tai unquestion-ably on the top of my list.
Centuries ago, at the summit of the mountain, Confucius exclaimed that the world was small; in modern times, everyone is bound to appreciate its spectacularity and sacredness. Mount Tai is more than a mountain; it is a place which symbolizes hope and auspiciousness, embodying profound culture. Furthermore, Mount Tai is considered to be scared to the point where almost every ancient Chinese emperor came here to make offerings to Heaven and Earth, praying for a prosperous country and a peaceful living environment.
Visiting Mount Tai is more than a mountain climbing excursion, but a hands-on engagement in ancient culture and contemporary prosperity. Thus, I assure you that you will like this wonderful experience.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
A. 短对话
1. 参考原文：
W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M: Oh… Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
点评：本题考点：计划或者建议。考点在第二个男士的提议。答案选B：Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. strain v.表示拉伸，扭伤 strain your shoulder 拉伤肩膀。
2. 参考原文：
W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
M: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
点评：本题考点：对话场景题。通过女士提到的“new exhibits”和男士提到的“favorite painters”可推出答案为D：Outside an art gallery.
3. 参考原文：
M: I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W: It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q: What does the woman imply?
点评：本题考查语义推断。考点在第二个女士的回应，面对男士的说法，她并没有表示认同，而是婉转表达了质疑。对应选项B. She does not quite agree with what the man said. “unfair evaluation”意思是“不公平的评价”。
4. 参考原文：
W: It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these book shelves.
M: It wasn’t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q: What does the man mean?
点评：本题考查事实细节。考点在第二个男士的话。对应选项C. Doris fixed up some of the book shelves.原文中男士说的 “do some of them”指的就是修理书架。
5. 参考原文：
W: Rod, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M: Yeah. I’ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down.
Q: Why is the man quitting his job?
点评：本题考查因果关系。考点在第二个男士所解释的原因。对应D. He has found a better position. “position”即“职位”， “firm”即“公司”。 “quit”即“放弃，辞职”的意思。
6. 参考原文：
W: I honestly don’t want to continue the gardening tomorrow, Tony?
M: Neither do I. But I think we should get it over within this weekend.
Q: What does the man mean?
点评：本题考查转折关系。考点在第二个男士语义转折之后的内容。对应选项A. They should finish the work as soon as possible. 选项 “finish”同义替换原文中的 “get it over”，而 “as soon as possible”则改写了 “within this weekend”.
7. 参考原文：
W: You’ve already furnished your apartment?
M: I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
点评：本题考查事实细节。考点在第二个男士所说的话，习惯用语 “dirt cheap”就是“很便宜，白菜价”的意思。对应答案D. The furniture the man bought is inexpensive. 其中 “inexpensive”同义改写了“dirt cheap”。
8. 参考原文：
W: Has the mechanic called the bus repairers?
M: Not yet .I’ll let you know when he calls.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
点评：本题考查语义推断。考点要结合女士的提问和男士的回答。对应B. The woman is waiting for a call. “mechanic”指“机械工”，“bus repairers”指“公车修理师”。
B.长对话和短文
Conversation one:
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. Why couldn’t the woman’s roommate attend the Shakespearean English class that afternoon?
10. What favor is the woman going to do for her roommate?
11. What does the woman want to know at the end of the conversation?
答案：
9. 点评：前2句都是礼节性问答，第3句开始出现新人物 “Janet Holmes”, 即考点预警信号。关键信息就是女士接下来的回答：“It’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an interview today”.对应A选项：She had a job interview to attend.
10. 点评：前文刚刚提到“Janet Holmes”所遇到的问题(因面试不能上课交作业)，接着就提到了解决这一问题的方法，关键听取原文中“I’m calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay.”对应选项C：Submit her roommate’s assignment.
11. 点评：从四个选项都以特殊疑问词开头的特征可以预判，本题考点是某人的疑问。关键信息是女士在最后所提到的问题：“And Dr. Ellis, one more thing, could you tell me where your office is?”对应选项A. Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located.
【综合点评】：本题完全符合长对话 “问答结构”的惯有出题套路，分别针对problem和solution进行提问，而且并没有出现逆序出题现象为难考生，整体难度一般。
Conversation 2:
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What does the man say about his job?
13. Which train does the man take to work every day?
14. How does the man feel about commuting to work every day now?
15. How does the man spend his time on the morning train?
答案：
12.点评：第一题完全符合“前3句出考点”的套路，考点信息出现在明显的信号词 “But”之后：“But it’s bearable now that I’ m used to it”。 bearable 表示可以忍受的，be used to 表示为习惯做某事。对应选项C：He can handle it quite well.
13. 点评：本题考查时间细节，所听即所选。关键信息是“It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6:30 train” 对应选项B：The 6:30 train.
14. 点评：本题考点再次出现在明显信号词But之后：“But now I quite enjoy it.”对应选项C：The time on the train is enjoyable
15. 点评：长对话最后一题往往对应整个对话的结尾部分。女士最后问男士在车上如何消磨时光，男士的回答则是考点信息：“In the morning, I just sit in comfort and read the papers to catch up with the news.”对应选项A：Reading newspapers.
【综合点评】：本题完全符合顺序出题原则，有2道题的答案更是直接出现在信号词But之后，答案直来直往基本不需要进行推断，出题思路中规中矩，整体难度一般。
Passage One
16. What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
17. What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
18. How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
答案：
16. 点评：根据短文理解“前3句出考点”原则，如果本文前1、2句的因果关系没有成为考点，考点则顺延到第3句和第4句，关键信息为“They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading.”extract表示提取、选取， 对应选项D：Get key information by reading just once or twice.
17. 点评：从第二段开始，marking skill被反复提到，无疑是重要考点。就做标记的技巧，作者一共提了3个建议，其中 “Third, decide on your own system for marking”几乎完整地被选项A照搬下来：Choose one's own system of marking.根据所听基本即所选原则，答案就是A。
18. 点评：最后一题考察了转折结构，考点信息出现在明显的信号词 ‘Instead”之后：“Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.”对应选项B：By reviewing only the marked parts.
Passage Two
19. What is taken for granted by most people?
20. What do doctors think of Al Herpin's case?
21. What could have accounted for Al Herpin's sleeplessness?
答案：
19. 点评：答案出现在明显的信号词 “But”之后，即：“But everyone needs some rest to stay alive.”对应选项D：Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. 点评：答案出现在明显的信号词 “But”之后，即：“But a man named Al Herpin turned out to be a rare exception”对应选项C：It is a rare exception. rare表示稀有的，少见的。
21. 点评：根据顺序出题原则，本题对应文章结尾部分。文章最后提到医生对Al Herpin不用睡觉感到困惑，紧接着就解释了原因。 “clue”(表示线索)是本题的考点信号词，随后就是考点信息:“He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born.” 对应选项B：His mother's injury just before his birth.
22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?
25. What do we learn about Hetty's daughter?
答案：
22. 点评：本题略有难度。考点即没有出现在前3句话，也没有出现在明显的信号词之后，但是只要提前划记好了本题关键词，根据“所听基本即所选”原则还是可以找到答案C：She developed a strong interest in finance. 该选项对应原文信息 “At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account.”
23. 点评：本题略有难度。考点紧跟在上一题考点句之后，即 “Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.5 million dollars.”对应选项D. She inherited a big fortune from her father.
24. 点评：本题难度较大。错误选项中的细节有较强干扰性，但如果考生对最后一段的整体结构有所把握，就会发现在第一句提到了Hetty的 “meanness”(吝啬，小气) 之后，后文 “always argued about prices” “buy broken biscuits” “refused to pay for a doctor”这些细节都属于次要信息，是对“meanness”的例证。对应选项A. She was extremely mean with her money.
25. 点评：本题考点就是本文最后一句话 “her daughter built a hospital with her money”对应选项B. She built a hospital with her mother's money.
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
选词填空
题目一：
本文选自2006年5月16日的经济学人
http://www.economist.com/node/5636369
参考原文
A nation of non-readers: A strange and costly disregard for books
MANY Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The averageBrazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year—less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries, spending 5.2 hours a week with a book. Argentines, their neighbours, ranked 18th.
In rare accord, government, businesses and NGOs are all striving in different ways to change this. On March 13th the government launched a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things. The Brazil Reader Institute, an NGO, brings books to people: it has installed lending libraries in two S?o Paulo metro stations, and is planning one in a Carnival samba school. It is starting to be common to see characters in television soap operas shown reading. Cynics note that Globo, the biggest broadcaster, is also a big publisher of books, newspapers and magazines.
One discouragement to reading is that books are expensive. At S?o Paulo's book fair this week, “O Código Da Vinci” was on sale for 32 reais—more than a tenth of the official minimum monthly wage. Most other books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.
But Brazilians' indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country's leaders long neglected education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s. Radio was ubiquitous by the 1930s; libraries and bookshops have still not caught up. “The electronic experience came before the written experience,” says Marino Lobello, of the Brazilian Chamber of Books, an industry body.
All this means that Brazil's book market has the biggest growth potential in the western world, reckons Mr Lobello. That notion has attracted foreign publishers, such as Spain's Prisa-Santillana, which bought a local house last year. American evangelical publishers are eyeing the market for religious books, which outsell fiction in Brazil.
But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004—289m, including textbooks distributed by the government—than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil's national library quit after a controversial tenure. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites had eaten much of the collection. Along with crime and high interest rates, that ought to be a cause for national shame.
答案及解析
36. N. simply
本空所在句不缺其它成分，该空应为副词。备选副词J) particularly(专门地、特别地)与N) simply(简单地、仅仅)中，simply符合句意“许多人仅仅是不想学着识字。”
37. A. average
本空修饰名词Brazilian，需要形容词。备选形容词A) average(平均的、普通的)E) expensive(昂贵的)K) potential(潜在的)中，average符合句意“普通的巴西人每年读1.8本非学术书目”。且reads 1.8 non-academic books a year也在提示这里是在描述平均值。
38. M. ranked
本空是该句谓语，缺动词。且与前句并列，而前句用的过去式，因此本空需动词过去式。备选的有C) distributed(分发、散布)、F) launched(发射、发动)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽视)、L) quit(退出、辞职)、M) ranked(排名)和O) treasured(珍惜)。能与空后的18th构成合理搭配的只有ranked，表示“排在第18位”。另外前句描述的也是巴西的排名。
39. F. launched
本空是该句谓语，缺动词。由于描述的是过去的日子，需要过去式。备选的有C) distributed(分发、散布)、F) launched(发射、发动)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽视)、L) quit(退出、辞职)和O) treasured(珍惜)。本空后的专有概念National Plan for Books and Reading明显是个活动或计划之类，能与之构成合理搭配的只有launched，表示“发起了此计划”。
40. E. expensive
本空做表语，主语是books，形容词、动词分词可能性较大。注意到后句提到push up their price，因此这里描述的应该是书的价格，expensive符合话题。
41. H. neglected
本空是所在从句的谓语，且描述的是过去、主句也为过去式，因此这里需要过去式。备选的有C) distributed(分发、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)、H) neglected(忽视)和L) quit(退出、辞职)O) treasured(珍惜)。注意前句引出的话题是巴西对书籍的漠视，本句提到的也是巴西长期奴隶制的影响，因此本空应选择neglected，表示巴西“长期忽视教育”。distributed意思不合理，treasured则与这里想表示的意思相反。
42. K. potential
本空一种可能是副词，但备选副词只剩particularly，而其意思在这里并不合适，这里也没有构成其所表示的递进关系的条件。因此只能考虑本空另一种可能：名词。备选的有B) collection(收集)、D) exhibition(展览)和K) potential(潜力)。potential是唯一意思合理的，表示巴西的图市场“有着最大的增长潜力”。
43. C. distributed
本空位于名词后，应为后置定语，需要动词分词;by提示了这里需要过去分词。备选的有C) distributed(分发、散布)、G) named(取名、提名)和L) quit(退出、辞职)O) treasured(珍惜)。这里意思合理的只有distributed，表示“被政府分发的书籍”。
44. L. quit
本空是该句谓语，其描述的是过去，需要过去式，备选的有G) named(取名、提名)、L) quit(退出、辞职)、和O) treasured(珍惜)。同时该空后无宾语，因此必须是不及物动词，符合此要求的只有quit，表示国家图书馆负责人辞职。
45. B. collection
空前的定冠词提示本空需要名词，备选的有B) collection(收集)和D) exhibition(展览)。这里意思较合理的是collection，它可以表示图书馆的馆藏书籍。意思是“白蚁吃掉了大部分馆藏书籍”。
Section B
46. D
47. G
48. A
49. E
50. C
51. H
52. G
53. D
54. A
55. F
Section C
56. C
57. B
58. A
59. D
60. A
61. B
62. A
63. D
64. B
65. C
Part IV Translation
China should further develop nuclear energy because currently，nuclear power accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity . Such proportion ranks the thirtieth in all the countries possessing nuclear power, which is almost the last.
After Japan’s nuclear power accident in March 2011, nuclear power development in China was suspended, so was the approval of new nuclear power plants. Also, the national safety check for the nuclear power was carried out. IT was not until October 2012 that the approval was prudently resumed.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, there is little possibility for nuclear accidents to happen. In other words, there won’t be any trouble to develop and exploit the nuclear power.
这篇略难，恭喜人品。第一二句，注意逻辑;第三句，注意“排”这个字要用主动;
第二段主要注意时态：过去时。
最后一段，伴随状语和句子间的逻辑。
详解：
第一句，考察词汇 进一步，占据，以及句子逻辑关系的判断。
第二句注意使用非限制性定语从句。
第三句话是全文最长的一句话，注意几个简单句的合并(so was B以及用逻辑词);考察词汇 停止，开展。
第四句，考察“直到。。。才”(not until)句型。
第五句，简单句，无难度，考察with表伴随。
最后一句，简单句，考察短语换句话说, 以及词汇开发利用。
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★ 四级真题
