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2022高三英语知识点归纳

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英语是不能一步登天的,我们必须要学会一步一个脚印慢慢积累。因为人的大脑不容易像计算机一样高效率做很多任务,下面是小编为大家整理的高三英语知识点,欢迎阅读!

高三英语知识点归纳

一、就近一致原则

1.由or,not

only...butalso...,neither...nor...,either...or...,whether...or...,not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,通常根据就近一致原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.

2.here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时,通常根据就近原则,谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Here is a ruler,a few pencils and two copybooks.

二、意义一致原则

1.谓语动词必须用单数的情况

(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂),news(消息)等作主语时,虽然本身为复数形式,但表示单数意义时,谓语动词仍用单数。

Politics is his favorite subject.

(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时,虽然形式上是复数,但所表示的意义是单数,所以谓语动词用单数。

Do you know when the United Nations was set up?

2.谓语动词必须用复数的情况

表示总称意义的名词,如people,police,public,cattle等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

The police are searching for the murderer.

3.谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定

(1)集体名词,如family,class,group,team,club,company,government,population等作主语时,谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义,强调整体概念时,谓语动词用单数;当其表示集体中各个组成部分,强调个体概念时,谓语动词用复数。

As far as I know,his family is not very large but the family are all musiclovers.

(2)“the+形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时,谓语动词用复数。

The poor were looked down upon in the old days.

三、语法一致原则

1.由and连接的两个名词作主语

(1)“a/the+名词单数+and+名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份),谓语动词用单数。

The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.

(2)“a/the+名词单数+and+a/the+名词单数”表示两个人,谓语动词用复数。

The teacher and the poet have just arrived.

(3)“every+名词单数+and+every+名词单数”表示每一个人,谓语动词用单数。

Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in ourcountry.

(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品如:a knife and fork (一副刀叉)等作主语,谓语动词用单数。

Bread and butter is not to his taste.

2.表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词,尽管有时是复数形式但常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

Is fifty pounds enough?

3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的形式根据of后的名词的形式来定,如果名词是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式;

如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。

Two-thirds of the books are about science.

Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.

高三英语重点知识

一、全部倒装

1.There be句型:可以用在这类句型中的动词除b。

外,还可用live,happen,exist,remaln,stand等作这类句型的谓语。例如:

(l)There are many students in the classroom

(2)Long long ago there lived a king who loved horsesvery much.

2.Here/there/now+vi(常为come,go)+主语(必须是名词)。此句型中here/there是用来唤起注意,意为:

喂,注意了。例如:Here comes Mary.可转换为:I can seeMary coming.

here在句中也可接系动词,例如:Here is John3.then引起谓语为come,follow的句子,例如:

(l)Then came a new difficulty.然后产生了一个新的困难。

(2) Then followed eight years of the Anti-JapaneseWar.接着是八年抗战。

4- out,in,up,down,away之类的副词作状语放在句首,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词,谓语为不及物动词come,go,run,rush等。句式为:副词_LVi.+主语(必须是名词)。例如:

Away went the boy.

5.介词短语作状语放在句首,谓语为不及物动词,主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:介词短语+Vi.+主语(必须是名词)。例如:

In the middle of our school stands a high building.

6.表语放在句首,表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长,也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为:表语十系动词十主语(必须是名词)。例如:

(1) Very important in the farms' life is the radioweather report.

(2) Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.

7.直接引语中间或后面表示某人说这句话的插入语(特别是谓语较短时),例如:“Help! Help!”cried the littlegirl.小姑娘叫道:“救命!救命!”

如果主语没有谓语长,或是它后面有宾语,主语就仍然放在前面,例如:“That man is a famous film star,”XiaoYang told me in a whisper.小杨低声告诉我说:“那个人是著名的电影明星。”

二、部分倒装

1.only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首,例如:

Only then did I realize the importance of English.

注意:

①在only+状语从句十主句结构中,主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。

②only修饰主语,不倒装。

2.否定词(短语)开头的句子,表示否定意义的副词never, nor,neither.表示半否定意义的副词hardly,few,seldom,little,含有no和not的词组如by no means(绝不),in no time(很快),at no time(在任何时候都不,在任何情况下都不),not until,not only..but also...no sooner...than.

hardly.一when,scarcely when等情况下,结构为“否定词十助动词/情态动词十主语十其他”。例如:

(1) Never have I been in this city.

(2) Little/Seldom d0 1 watch TV.

(3)Not until I began to work did I realize how muchtime I had wasted.

注意:①关联词的搭配;②前一分句倒装,后一分句不倒装。

3.以so开头,用“so+助动词/情态动词/系动词十主语”表面;前面叙述的肯定情况也适合于另一个人或物,译作“也,同样,也如此”。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物,用“neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词十主语”。译作“也不是,也没有”。例如:Society has changedand so have the people in it.社会变了,人也变了。

注意:

①当s0表示对前句内容的肯定、附和,或进一步强调前面所说的情况,或者赞同前面的说法译作“的确,正是”时应用自然语序:

-Tom works hard.

-So he does and so do you.

②倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致,主谓一致的变化要与后面主语相呼应。例如:If you don't go, neither/nor shal] I.(If youdon't go,I shall not go.)注意:表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物,或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及不同类型的动词时可用:

It is the same with something /somebody.或So it is withsomething/somebody.例如:She does well in English, butis poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.

4.引导让步状语从句结构为表语/状语/动词原形+as+主语十其他,例如:Hard as he tried,he didn,t succeed注意:表语前的名词无形容词修饰时,冠词要省略。

5.so+adj. /adv.放在句首,例如:So afraid was he inthe darkness that he didn't dare to move an inch.

6.如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were,。hould,had,可以把if省略,而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。

例如:If there should be a flood,what woulci we d07一Should there be a flood, what would we do?

7.频度副词及短语often,always,now and then,many8 tlme,e”ery other day等放在句首时,有时也倒装。例如:

Many a time has he come to comfort me.

8.某些表示祝愿的句子也用倒装语序,例如:

May you succeed.祝你成功!

高三英语知识点总结

1.定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。

2.构成:关联词+简单句

3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类:

(1) 从属连词that。 如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facialresemblance between them.

很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。

(2) 从属连词whether。如:

Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。

(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever

连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:

What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。

How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。

Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。

Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我的家。

解释:

1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。

常以it作形式主语的句型有:

A.It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny,possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如:

It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。

It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。

B.It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise,etc.)+that从句。如:

It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。

It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。

C.It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced,arranged, etc.)+that从句。如:

It is said that Mr.Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。

It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite intoorbit.

据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。

D.It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:

It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.Alice似乎不来参加晚会。

It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。

E.It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如:

It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。

It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。

F.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:

Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week?下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?

Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗?

G.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:

How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!

2.注意连接代词whoever,

whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义

Whoever comes will be welcome.(whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。

Whatever he did was right.(whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。

Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize.(whichever=anyone of youwho) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖

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