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英语重要知识点

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  英语是世界第一大语言,那么英语有哪些重要的知识点呢?接下来学习啦小编为你整理了英语重要知识点,一起来看看吧。

  英语重要知识点:一般过去时的用法

  1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

  时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

  Where did you go just now?

  2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

  When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

  Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

  3)句型:

  It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"

  It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"

  It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

  It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

  would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’

  I’d rather you came tomorrow.

  4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。

  I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

  比较:

  一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。

  Christine was an invalid all her life.

  (含义:她已不在人间。)

  Christine has been an invalid all her life.

  (含义:她现在还活着)

  Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.

  (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

  Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.

  ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

  注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。

  1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。

  Did you want anything else?

  I wondered if you could help me.

  2)情态动词 could, would.

  Could you lend me your bike?

  英语重要知识点:祈使句

  含有第二人称主语的祈使句

  Be careful!小心!

  Don't make such a noise.不要这么吵。

  肯定的祈使句

  a.句型: 动词原形~.(省略主语)

  Stand up.起立。

  Be quiet,please.请安静。

  b.有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do

  Do sit down.

  务必请坐。

  Do study hard.

  一定要努力学习。

  比较

  祈使句和陈述句

  陈述句:

  You sit down.

  你坐下来。

  祈使句:

  Sit down.坐下

  (省略主语you)

  c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。

  Go this way,please.

  请这边走。

  d.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。

  Li Ming,come here.

  李明,过来。

  Come here,Li Ming.

  过来,李明。

  否定的祈使句

  句型:Don't +动词原形~

  Don't swim in the river.

  别在河里游泳。

  Don't be late.别迟到。

  Please don't be noisy.

  请不要大声喧哗。

  注意

  表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。

  No smoking.

  禁止吸烟。

  No parking.

  禁止停车。

  句型转换

  祈使句与陈述句的改写

  1.祈使句=You must …(陈述句)

  Come here .过来。

  =You must come here .

  你必须过来。

  Don't do that again.

  你一定不可以再那样做了。

  2.Please +祈使句=Will you (please) ~?(陈述句)

  Please help me .请帮帮我。

  =Will you (please) help me?

  你愿意帮我的忙吗?

  Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。

  =Will you (please) come here on time ?

  请你准时到好吗?

  含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句

  Let's say good-by here.

  我们在此道别吧。

  Don't let him do that again.

  别让他再那么做了。

  1.肯定的祈使句

  句型:•Let+第一人称(me,us)~.

  •Let+第三人称代词(宾格:him,her,it,them)或名词~.

  Let's go at once.

  咱们马上动身吧。

  Let me try again.

  让我再试试。

  Let Tom go there himself.

  让汤姆自己去那儿。

  注意

  Let's包括对方,Let us不包括对方。反意疑问句时最明显。

  Let's go,shall we?

  咱们去吧,怎么样?

  Let us go,will you?

  让我们去吧,行吗?

  (征求对方的意见)

  2.否定的祈使句

  句型:•Let's(us,me)+not +动词原形~.

  •Don't let +第三人称代词的宾格或名词+动词原形.

  Let's not say anything about it.

  对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说。

  Don't let them play with fire.

  别让他们玩火。

  句型转换

  祈使句有时相当一个if引导的条件状语从句。

  祈使句:Use your head and you'll find a way.

  条件句:If you use your head,you'll find a way.

  如果你动动脑筋,你就会找到方法。

  注意

  回答Let's~的反意疑问句句型时,肯定时用Yes,let's.否定时用NO,let's not.

  英语重要知识点:知识点讲解

  1. Maybe/ may be

  (1) maybe是副词,意思是“大概,也许”,常用作状语。例如: Maybe you put it in your bag.也许你把它放在包里了。“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.” “他明天来吗?”“也许不”。

  (2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语,意思是“也许是…,可能是…”。

  例如:It may be 9:00 when they arrive.他们可能于九点到达。The man may be a lawyer. 那人也许是律师。

  2. borrow/ lend/ keep/ use

  (1) borrow表示的是从别人那里借来东西,即我们通常所说的“借进来”。例如:We often borrow books from our school library.我们经常从学校图书馆借书。I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从老师那儿借来了这本字典。

  borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作,因此不能与时间段连用。

  例如:You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 )I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 )

  (2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给别人,即我们通常所说的“借出去”。 例如:Thank you for lending me your bike.谢谢你把自行车借给我。He often lends money to his brother.他经常借钱给他弟弟。

  lend与borrow一样,也是一个瞬间完成的 动作,不能与一段时间连用。

  (3) keep的意思也是“借”,但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段,是一段持续的时间,因此可以与时间段连用。例如:You can keep my recorder for three days.我的录音机你可以借用三天。

  I have kept this book for only one week.这本书我才刚借了一星期。

  (4) use也可以当“借用”讲,但它的本意是“用,使用”。例如:May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下吗?He had to use this public telephone.他不得不使用这部公用电话。

  3. leave/ leave for

  (1) leave意思是“离开,留下”。 例如:We left Shanghai two years ago.我们两年前离开了上海。

  He left his cell phone in the taxi last week.他上周把手机落在出租车里了。

  (2) leave for意思是“前往”,表示要去的目的地。例如:We will leave for Tibet next month.我们将于下月去西藏。The train is leaving for Moscow.这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。

  4. since/ for

  (1) since用于完成时态,既能用作介词,也能用作连词,后常接时间点,意思是“自从”。 例如:

  He has been a worker since he came into this city.自从他来到这个城市,他就是工人了。

  I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai .自从我们上次在上海见过之后我再也没见过他。

  since作连词,还有“既然”的意思。例如: Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你对它感兴趣,那就做吧。 You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work.既然你已经做完了功课,就开心玩会儿吧。

  (2) for用于完成时,用作介词,后常接一段时间,意思是“经过…”。例如: I have learned English for five years.我已经学了五年英语了。They have waited for you for 30 minutes.他们已经等了你三十分钟了。

  for也可以用作连词,但意思是“因为”。 例如: They missed the flight for they were late.他们由于完到了而误了航班。He fell ill for many reasons.他由于多种原因病倒了。

  5. neither/ either/ both

  (1) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为“两者都不”,作主语时谓语动词用单数.例如:Neither of the boys is from England.这两个男孩都不是来自英国。I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。

  neither用作形容词,也修饰单数名词,意思与作代词时相同;用作连词时,一般与nor搭配,表示 “既不…也不”。作主语时,谓语动词也遵循就近原则。 例如:She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我们星期天都不踢球。

  (2) either作代词时,是指两者中的任意一方,(两者之)每一个,故作主语时谓语动词用单数.

  例如:Either of the books is new.这两本书任何一本都是新的.

  She doesn’t like either of the films.这两部电影她都不喜欢.

  either作形容词, 用来修饰单数名词,意思与作介词时相同.

  例如:Either school is near my home. (这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近.

  Either question is difficult.两个问题(中的任何一个)都难.

  either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一,意思是“不是…就是”。作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。

  Either he or I am right.不是他就是我是对的。

  Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me.不是我姐姐就是我父母要来看我。

  (3) both作代词时,指的是所涉及到的“两者都”, 故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

  I like both of the stories.这两个故事我都喜欢。Both of my parents are teachers.我父母两人都是老师。

  both作形容词时,用来修饰两者,意思与作代词时相同.Both his arms are hurt.他的两只胳膊都受伤了。

  Both these students are good at English. 这两个学生都擅长英语。

  both用作连词时,多与and搭配,表示“既…又, 不仅…而且”, 作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。

  Both piano and violin are my bobbies.钢琴和小提琴都是我的爱好。

  They study both history and physics. 他们既学历史,又学物理。

  6. find/look for/ find out

  (1) find强调找的结果,意思是“找到”。此外还有“发现,发觉”的意思,后可接宾语从句。

  例如:Jim couldn’t find his hat.吉姆找不着帽子了。Have you found your lost keys? 你找到丢失的钥匙了吗?

  He found the lights were on along the street.他发现沿街的灯都亮了

  (2) look for的意思为“寻找”,指的是找的动作而非结果。另外,还有“盼望,期待”的意思。

  例如:She is looking for her son.她正在找她的儿子。

  We’ve been looking for the car since early this morning.我们从今天一大早就开始找这辆车了。

  I look for the coming holiday.我期待着即将来临的假期。

  (3) find out含有经过观察、研究或探索而得知的意思,后常接较抽象的事物,意思是“找出,发现,查明(真相)”等。

  例如: I can find out who took my money away.我能查出谁拿了我的钱。

  Could you find out when the plane arrives? 你能设法知道飞机何时到吗?


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