高中英语必修四第一单元知识点
在当今的社会，学好英语是非常必要的。高中英语必修四第一单元的知识点主要有哪些呢?接下来学习啦小编为你整理了高中英语必修四第一单元知识点，一起来看看吧。
高中英语必修四第一单元重点短语知识点
1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devoteoneself to致力于，献身于 be devoted to专心致志于
2 human beings 人类
3 move off 离开，启程，出发
4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
5 crowd in 涌上心头，涌入脑海
6 look down on/upon 蔑视，瞧不起
7 refer to 查阅，参考，谈到 (其中，to为介词)
8 by chance 碰巧，凑巧
9. come across 偶遇，碰见
10. carry on 继续，坚持 carry out 实行，执行，完成
11. be dressed in 穿着… dress as 打扮成…
12.fight for 为….而战 fight against 与…战斗
13.put to death判死刑
14. concern oneselfwith…关注…注意…
15.intend to dosth./ doing sth. 打算做某事
16. in the shadeof 在…的树荫下，在…的庇护下
17.gain doctor’sdegree 获得博士学位
18. be consideredas 被看做….
19.take turns todo sth 采取步骤做某事
20.do research on…做…方面的研究
21.mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着
22. by now 直到现在
高中英语必修四第一单元重点句型知识点
1 She spentyears observing and recording their daily activities.
她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
(spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事)
2 Only after hermother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to beginher project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙;这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
(only位于句首并修饰状语，句子要发生部分倒装，将助动词或联系动词置于主语之前)
3 FollowingJane’s way of studing chimps, our group are all going to visit them in theforest.
我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。
(-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别：-ing主动/进行/延续，-ed被动/过去，to do主动/将来)
4.It seemed thatshe had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study aswell aswriting books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。
(It seemed that+从句：似乎是，看起来好像是。 as well as 还有)
5.What made hersucceed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all herpatients
后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
(What made her succeed主语从句。了解what引导的名词性从句的译法，明白它们在句中的成分：作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)
高中英语必修四第一单元语法知识点
主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except,besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是),including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。如:Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质。Noone except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。
The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread andbutter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Serving the people is my great happiness.
为人民服务是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:
Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数,但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+thanone做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球.
More than one student was late.不只一个学生迟到
More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。
7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数.
None of us are (is) perfect.人无完人。
None of this worries me.这事一点不使我着急。
8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数.
His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.
A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。
9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: theNew Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数.
Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式,
One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。
(二) 内容一致原则:
1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.
The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车，今天出售。
60%of the apple was eaten by little boy.这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的。
Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , anumber of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.
A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3. 加减乘除用单数.
Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。
4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时,其谓语动词用单数.
Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。
5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.
The British police have only very limited powers.
(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment,furniture, clothing, luggage 等.
(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他。
6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.
The injured were saved after the fire.
(三) 就近原则
1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.
Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.
Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?
你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢?
2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.
He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。
注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。
Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。
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