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英语必修五知识点(2)

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  英语必修五知识点:过去分词

  过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰。过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法。

  1. 作定语

  作定语的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的后面。例如:

  There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

  This is a book written by a worker.

  2. 作表语

  过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态。

  I was pleased at the news.

  The door remained locked.

  过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有:delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

  过去分词作表语时,应注意与被动结构的区别。系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作。

  The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)

  The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)

  I'm interested in chess.(状态)

  3. 过去分词做状语

  ①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念。

  Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

  Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

  ②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。

  Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

  Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

  ③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用 if 等词

  Heated, water changes into steam.

  Given another chance, he will do better.

  ④表让步,相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

  Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

  ⑤表伴随,说明动作发生的背景或情况。

  Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

  The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

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