高中英语代词和介词的考题详解

夏萍分享 2017-10-26 10:11:34

　　学会考题分休，学生会更加容易的知道高考的考查点，下面学习啦的小编将为大家带来关于代词和介词的考题分析介绍，希望能够帮助到大家。

　　高中英语代词和介词的考题分析

　　1.[2015·福建高考]The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but contained any useful suggestions.

　　答案：neither　根据题干中的“two reports”和“but”可知，此处表示“两个中的任何一个都不”，所以填neither。

　　2.[2015·陕西高考]The little pupil took his grandma the arm and walked her across the street.

　　答案：by　take sb. by the arm是一个固定短语“抓住某人的胳膊”。

　　3.[2015·重庆高考]The meeting will be held in September, but knows the date for sure.

　　答案：nobody　根据结构可知此处填主语，结合语义及“but”这一关键信息可以确定答案是nobody。

　　4.[2015·湖北高考]Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will turn sooner or later.

　　答案：up　考查动词短语。结合语义可知此处填up。句意：不要担心，我相信你丢失的眼镜早晚会出现的。

　　5.[2015·天津高考]The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.

　　答案：that　考查代词用法。根据句式结构和语义可知，此处代替的是quality，为抽象名词，故用that。

　　6.[2015·浙江高考]Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?

　　答案：to　考查介词用法。be home to为固定短语“为……的栖息地/发源地”。

　　7.[2014·陕西高考]I'd appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.

　　答案：it　I'd appreciate it if/when...属于固定句式，表示“假如/当……我将不胜感激。”故填it。

　　8.[2014·北京高考]Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves half an hour.

　　答案：in'“in+一段时间”用于表示将来的句子中，意为“在……之后”。句意：简很着急，因为去飞机场的火车半小时后就发车了。

　　9.[2014·重庆高考]A smile costs ， but gives much.

　　答案：nothing/little　根据题干中的“but”可推知该空处应为表示否定的代词，故答案为nothing或little与much相对应。

　　10.[2014·福建高考]Our club is open to everyone regardless age, sex or educational background.

　　答案：of'regardless of“不管，不顾”。句意：我们的俱乐部对所有人开放，不分年龄、性别和教育背景。

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2014·广东高考] Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

　　After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 17 (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18 (tell) that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, 19 for the week after. I didn't understand 20 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 the reservation. What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22 (surprise) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.

　　The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24 we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25 (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.

　　Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。

　　本文讲述的是作者的一次旅游经历。虽然预订房间出现了差错，但问题得到了很好的解决，作者感到很满意。

　　Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。

　　16.it。根据结构可知，此处填代词，结合语境确定指代内容。

　　17.earlier。考查词性转换。六个月前应如何表达。

　　18.were told。考查谓语。注意考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，确保正确。

　　19.but。考查并列结构。分析空前空后的句子结构，确定答案。

　　20.why/how。根据两个句子需连词的原则，可知此处填连词，在及物动词后为宾语从句，按宾语从句选择连词的方法判断。

　　21.for。考查固定用法。charge与哪个介词搭配呢?

　　22.surprisingly。根据空格后的helpful可知此处填副词修饰形容词。

　　23.the。在可数名词单数前需加冠词。

　　24.where。两句子之间需连词，在名词后的从句可以考虑定语从句中关连词的选填方法。

　　25.sunburnt/sunburned。考查非谓语形式。“get done”表示被动，可知答案。

　　Step 3：代入验证。

　　需考虑语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑，语法结合语义才能确保万无一失。

　　高中英语名词和主谓一致的考题分析

　　1.[2015·安徽高考]There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some (think) and then let me know.

　　答案：thought　考查名词。句意：现在没有必要把你的答案告诉我。考虑一下，然后告诉我。give sth. some thought意为“考虑”。thought 为think的名词形式。

　　2.[2015·浙江高考]One of the most effective ways to reduce (anxious) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.

　　答案：anxiety　考查名词。根据句意可知此处表示减压/焦虑。句意：减少压力最有效的方法是和你信任的人谈论一下感受。

　　3.[2015·湖南高考]It is important to remember that success (be) a sum of small efforts made each day and often (take) years to achieve.

　　答案：is; takes　考查主谓一致。that引导的宾语从句的主语是success为单数，两空是并列谓语，故都用单数。

　　4.[2015·福建高考]China Daily attracts a worldwide readership, which (show) that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

　　答案：shows　考查主谓一致。定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词的单复数形式一致，先行词是China Daily为单数，故填shows。

　　5.[2015·湖北高考]He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify) when he went to carry out the secret task.

　　答案：identity　句意：当他去执行这项秘密任务时，他给自己取了个新名字以掩盖他的身份。由句意可知，空处应用名词identity表示“身份”。

　　6.[2014·湖南高考]All we need (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.

　　答案：is 根据题干可知all指代的是a small piece of land，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，整句话的语境为一般现在时，故填is。句意：我们所需要的就是一小片土地，我们可以在一年中播种的季节里在那儿种植各类果树。

　　7.[2013·江苏高考]Generally, students' inner motivation with high expectations from others (be) essential to their development.

　　答案：is　根据句式结构，考查主谓一致。名词后有with短语时，谓语动词取决于with前面的词，故用单数is。句意：一般来说，学生们的内在动机多来自于他人的高期望值，这对他们的发展很重要。

　　8.[2013·江西高考]Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with (patient).

　　答案：patience　“介词+名词”，故应填写patient的名词形式。句意：无论何时我犯错误，老师都会耐心地指出来。

　　9.[2013·天津高考]While she was in Paris, she developed a (tasty) for fine art.

　　答案：taste　考查名词构词法，空前是冠词，可知此处应填名词，故填taste。句意：在巴黎期间，她培养了对艺术的兴趣。

　　10.[2013·湖南高考]The university estimates that living expenses for international students (be) around ,450 a year, which is a burden for some of them.

　　答案：are　考查主谓一致，宾语从句中句子的主语是living expenses为复数，故谓语动词应用复数。整句用一般现在时，故填are。

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2015·广东高考]Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned 16 farm, which looked almost abandoned. 17 (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 18 other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 19 (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass 20 it began to rain heavily.

　　While making great efforts to run away, she 21 (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living 22 the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 23 (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 24 people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to 25 that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.

　　Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。

　　本文讲述的是Johnson先生和家人住在树林中，他有一个看着几乎荒芜的农场，幸好他有一头奶牛。可是有一天牛死了，奶牛的死会给一家带来什么变化呢?

　　Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。

　　16.a。根据空格位置在动词与可数名词单数之间可知，考查冠词。

　　17.Luckily。位于句首的空格用逗号隔开，可知考查副词修饰整个句子。

　　18.for。从整句话分析，此处考查介词且与exchange构成固定搭配。

　　19.was left。连词后面没有谓语，故考查谓语，注意考虑时态语态和主谓一致。

　　20.when。在两个句子中间的空格应考查连词用法，此处为固定句式。

　　21.fell。在主谓之后，且该句无谓语，可知此题考查谓语动词，与died并列。

　　22.without。根据空格的位置和语意，可知此处考查介词。

　　23.to sell。该句中已有谓语且无连词，可知此处填非谓语，根据语义可知此处表目的。

　　24.where。空前后均是句子，故应填连词，且位于名词之后，可考虑定语从句的关联词。