人教版高一上册英语第二单元知识点归纳
学习英语必修一的知识点时,我们要十分认真地做好英语知识点的整理,以下是小编准备的一些人教版高一上册英语第二单元知识点归纳，仅供参考。
高一英语新人教版必修第二册Unit 2知识点归纳
知识清单
一、词形转换
1.threat n.威胁
→threaten vt.威胁;危及
2.hunt v.打猎;搜寻;追捕
→ hunter n.猎人
3.rate n.速度;(比)率 vt.划分等级
→rating n.等级;级别
4.extinct adj.已灭绝的
→extinction n.灭绝
5.press vt.压;按
→pressure n.压力;要求
6.concern n.担心;关心 vt.让……担忧;涉及
→concerned adj.担心的;关切的
7.legal adj.法律的;合法的
→illegal adj.不合法的;非法的
→illegally adv.不合法地;非法地
8.alarm vt.使害怕;使惊恐;使担心 n.警报;恐慌;警报器
→alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
→alarmed adj.担心的;害怕的
9.intend vi.& vt.打算;计划;想要
→intention n.打算;目的
10.exist vi.存在;生存
→existence n.存在;生存
二、重点单词和短语
rate n.速度;(比)率 vt.划分等级;评价;评估
①Most people walk at an average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.n.速度
②The birth rate of that country is reducing.n.(比)率
③China and India are rated as the most attractive markets now.v.评价，看作
reserve n.(动植物)保护区;储藏(量)vt.预订;预留;保留
①These seats are reserved for the elderly and women with babies.vt.预留
②I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.vt.预订
③We set up a wildlife reserve to protect endangered elephants.n.保护区
die out灭绝;逐渐消失;逐渐熄灭
[例1] With society developing，many old customs are dying out.
随着社会的发展，许多古老的风俗在逐渐消失。
[例2] With the living environment becoming worse and worse，many of the earth's species are dying out.
随着生存环境变得越来越糟，地球上的很多物种正在消失。
[造句]一旦大火熄灭，救援队就会马上进入。
Once the fire has died out，the rescue team will move in immediately.
[知识拓展]
die away 逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
die down 逐渐降低，逐渐平息
die off 相继死去
die of 死于(内因)
die from 死于(外因)
die for 为……而死
alarming adj.惊人的;使人惊恐的
[例1] It is true that the earth's resources are running out at an alarming rate，so we should make good use of them.
的确，地球资源正以惊人的速度耗尽，所以我们应该好好利用它们。
[例2] This idea seems to become less alarming.
这个想法似乎就变得不那么可怕了。
[造句]人口正以惊人的速度下降。
The population is dropping at an alarming rate.
[知识拓展]
(1)alarm vt. 使惊恐;使害怕;使担心 n. 警报;恐慌
in alarm 惊恐地
(2)alarmed adj.惊恐的;忧虑的
be alarmed at/by...对……大为惊慌
be alarmed to do...做……感到恐慌
We were alarmed at the alarming scream as the scream did alarm us.
我们被那令人惊恐的尖叫声吓了一跳，因为那叫声的确使我们感到惊恐。
aware of... 意识到......;知道......
We must make people aware of the problem and help the endangered wildlife before it's too late!我们必须让人们意识到这个问题，并及时帮助……濒危野生动物!
[例1] In conclusion，people around the world should be well aware of the real situation of water shortage.
总之，全世界的人们都应该清楚地知道水资源短缺的真实情况。
[例2] The failure made me aware of my own shortcomings.
这次失败使我意识到了我自己的缺点。
[造句]每个人都意识到了污染的严重性。
Everybody is aware of the seriousness of pollution.
[知识拓展]
(1)be/become aware of...对……知道;明白;意识到
be/become aware that... 知道/体会到……
as/so far as I am aware 据我所知
make sb.aware of... 使某人意识到……
(2)awareness n. 意识;认识
develop an awareness of... 形成……的意识
raise awareness 提高意识
她还没意识到她做错了。
→She was not aware of having done wrong.
→She was not aware that she had done wrong.
→She was not aware of what she had done was wrong.
[名师点津]
(1)aware后跟名词性从句时，一般从句前不能用of，但在what从句前必须用of。
(2)修饰aware可用well，much，very much，fully，但不用very。
(3)be aware后一般不接不定式。
average adj.平均的;正常的;普通的 n.平均水平;平均数
How many elephants are killed on average every day?
平均每天有多少头大象被杀?
[例1] He is working hard and his grades are above the average in his class.
他学习刻苦，成绩在班里高于平均水平。
[例2] The average of 3，8 and 10 is 7.
3，8，10的平均数为7。
[造句]每个班平均有10名学生未通过考试。
An average of ten students haven't passed the exam in each class.
[知识拓展]
(1)on (the)average 平均来看
above (the)average 高于平均水平
below (the)average 低于平均水平
(2)an average of... 平均有……(后跟数词)
the average of... ……的平均数
The temperature now is below average.
此时的气温低于平均水平。
concerned about... 对……关切的;为……担忧的
I'm concerned about the African elephants.
我很担心非洲大象。
[例1] She is concerned about/for her son's future.
她担忧她儿子的未来。
[例2] You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him and you will meet after class and talk then.
你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他，下课后你们会见面交谈。
[造句]我们都担心她的安全。
We are all concerned about her safety.
[知识拓展]
(1)concern vt. (使)担忧;涉及;关系到 n. 担心;关注;(利害)关系
show concern for 关心
(2)concerned adj. 担心的;关注的
as/so far as...be concerned 关于;至于;就……而言
be concerned with sth. 牵涉到;与……有关
(3)concerning prep. 关于
The story concerns the prince's efforts to rescue Pamina.He was concerned that she might miss the turning and get lost.All the difficulties concerning Pamina were solved by the prince.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。他担心她可能会错过转弯的地方而迷路。所有与帕米娜有关的难事都由王子解决。
adapt vi.适应 vt.使适应;使适合;改编
Elephants need large living spaces，so it's difficult for them to adapt to the changes.
大象需要很大的生存空间，所以它们很难适应变化。
[例1] Not only has she adapted (herself)to the fast rhythm of city life，but she is becoming more and more outgoing.
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
[例2] After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to living on my own.
大学毕业后，我逐渐适应了独立生活。
[造句]据说这部新影片是根据一本小说改编的。
This new film is said to be adapted from a novel.
[知识拓展]
(1)adapt to 适合，适应
adapt oneself to 使自己适应
adapt...to... 使……适应……
adapt...for... 将……改编为……
adapt sth. from sth. 根据……改编……
(2)adaptable adj. 能适应的;可修改的
(3)adaptation n. 改编本;适应
[名师点津]
adapt (oneself)to中的to为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
The children are finding it hard to adapt to their new surroundings.
孩子发觉很难适应新环境。
measure n.措施;方法 vt.测量;度量;估量
What measures are being taken to help them?
正在采取什么措施来帮助它们呢?
[例1] The room measures 10 metres across.
这个房间宽十米。
[例2] Education shouldn't be measured purely by examination results.
教育不应该仅仅用考试结果来衡量。
[造句]你们应该采取有效措施来改善你们的工作环境。
You should take effective measures to improve your working conditions.
[知识拓展]
(1)take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事
made to measure 量身定制的
(2)measure sth. by sth. 用某物来衡量某物
[名师点津]
measure表示“量度为”时，是系动词，后跟测量结果，不用于被动语态及进行时。类似用法的单词还有weigh。
Think about measures of measuring the weight of the elephant.
思考测量大象重量的办法。
observe vt.观察到;注视;看到;注意到;遵守(规则、法律等);庆祝
This is why we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。
[例1]As a middle school student，he should observe the school rules and traffic regulations.
作为一个中学生，他应该遵守校规和交通规则。
[例2]I observed that several students were asleep in class.
我注意到有几个学生在课堂上睡着了。
[造句]全世界的中国人都庆祝春节。
Chinese all over the world observe the Spring Festival.
[知识拓展]
(1)observe sb. do sth.观察到某人做了某事
observe sb. doing sth.观察到某人正在做某事
observe+that从句 发现……
(2)observation n. 观察，观测
[名师点津]
表示“注意到，看到”，后面接复合宾语，其中用动词不定式和v.?ing形式作宾语补足语，但动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略动词不定式符号to，强调动作发生的全过程，但用于被动语态时，不定式符号to不可省略;v.?ing形式作宾语补足语时，强调动作正在进行。
When we attend the parade to observe the National Day，we must observe the traffic regulations.If we observe someone run a red light，we should stop him.
当我们参加游行庆祝国庆节的时候，我们必须遵守交通规则。如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们就要阻止他。
remind vt.提醒;使想起
I'm also reminded of the danger they are in.
我也意识到了它们所处的危险。
[例1]I don't want them to remind me of her.
我不想因它们而想起她来。
[例2]Reminded not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous.
尽管被提醒不要酒后驾车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。
[造句]这些老照片使我想起了我在农村度过的那些日子。
These old photos reminded me of the days I spent in the countryside.
[知识拓展]
remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb. that... 使某人想起……;提醒某人……
intend v.计划;打算;想要
The government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
[例1]The meeting is intended to deal with some important problems.
开这个会的目的是想解决一些重要问题。
[例2]I had intended to watch the game，but I had something more important to do.
=I intended to have watched the game，but I had something more important to do.
我本打算看这场比赛，但是有更重要的事要做。
[造句]女朋友和我打算明年结婚。
My girlfriend and I intend to get married next year.
[知识拓展]
(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
(2)be intended to do... 为了做……
be intended for... 专门为……而设计的;专供……使用的
(3)had intended to do sth.=intended to have done sth. 本打算做某事(但没有做)
(4)intention n. 打算;计划
have intention of doing...打算做……
The water is not intended for drinking.
这是非饮用水。
I intend you to take over the business.
我打算让你来接管生意。
三、重点句型
This is why...“这就是……的原因”。
This is why we're here—to observe Tibetan antelopes.
这就是我们来这里的原因——观察藏羚羊。
[句式分析]
This is why...这就是……的原因。此处why引导表语从句。
[例1]Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.
汤姆病了。那就是他开会迟到的原因。
[例2]I've got a cold，that is why I wouldn't like to have a meal.
我感冒了，那就是我不想吃饭的原因。
[造句]这就是为什么我写信要求做一名志愿者。
This is why I am writing this letter asking to be a volunteer.
[知识拓展]
(1)That/This is/was why...
这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)
(2)That/This is/was because...
这是因为……(because从句表示原因)
(3)The reason why...is/was that...
……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)
①The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.
他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
②Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.
汤姆开会迟到了。那是因为他病了。
only修饰状语位于句首，用部分倒装。
Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。
[句式分析]
only修饰状语从句放在句首时主句须部分倒装。
[例1] Only in this way can you work out the problem.
只有这样，你才能算出这道题来。
[例2] Only if he gets a job can he have enough money to continue his studies at college.
他只有找到工作才能有足够的钱继续大学的学业。
[造句]只有到那时我才意识到我做错了。
Only then did I realize that I had done wrong.
[知识拓展]
only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即把句子谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
[名师点津]
若only修饰主语，即使在句首也不倒装。
①Only in this way can young people learn how to observe excellent traditions.
只有这样年轻人才能学会如何遵守优良的传统。
②Only when he returned home was he aware of what had happened.
当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。
③Only by practising papercutting more can you learn the folk art.
只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。
Watching them move slowly across the green grass，I was struck by their beauty.
分析：本句是一个简单句。watching them move slowly across the green grass在句中作状语。
译文：看着它们慢慢地穿过绿色的草地，我被它们的美丽所打动。
he government，however，does not intend to stop the protection programmes，since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，since引导的是一个原因状语从句。
[译文] 然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。
高一英语必修一unit2同步练习
一.单项填空
( ) 1 . —Sorry ， sir.I didn’t quite follow you.—________.I’ll explain it to you later.
A . Don’t worry B . Come on C . That’s right D . Don’t mention it
( ) 2 . —We are going there by________sea.
—Don’t you think it too slow ? Why not take________train?
A . the ; / B . the ; the C . / ; / D . / ; the
( ) 3 . Ten minutes later ， a bus________and everybody got on it.
A . came up B . added up C . looked up D . put up
( ) 4 . As you can see ， the number of cars on our roads________rising these days.
A . was keeping B . keep C . keeps D . were keeping
( ) 5 . Every minute must be made full use of________spoken English.
A . to practise B . practising C . practise D . practised
( ) 6 . She understood what I was talking about ， ________it was the first time we had spoken together.
A . whether B . even though C . as though D . since
( ) 7 . My uncle knows several foreign languages ， ________English ， French and Japanese.
A . for example B . for instance C . such as D . that is
( ) 8 . As the project________at the meeting ， it drew our attention.
A . comes up B . was coming up C . came up D . had come up
( ) 9 . —What do you think______an important part in their lives?—Friends.
A . plays B . takesw C . makes D . acts
( ) 10 . This tree ， among the tallest in the world ， is________to a small area in southeastern Africa.
A . present B . native C . official D . latter
第二节 完形填空 ( 共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分 )
A large cat arrived at a farm where many mice lived.None of them dared go outside for fear of being __ 1 __by the cat.
The mice decided to hold a __ 2 __ to find a way of stopping themselves from being in__ 3 __.One day ， when the cat was out ， mice of all ages__ 4 __into the meeting room.
“ Let’s build a big trap ，” one mouse__ 5 __.When this idea was__ 6 __ ， another said ，“ What about poisoning( 毒死 )her ?” But __ 7 __knew where to buy the poison.One young mouse ， whose mother had become the cat’s food ， __ 8 __said ，“ Let’s cut her teeth ， so she can do no more harm. ” But the meeting did not accept his__ 9 __.
At last ， one mouse ， __10 __than the rest ， jumped onto a table.Waving a bell ， he called for__ 11 __ ，“ Be quiet ! We’ll tie this bell to the cat’s tail ， so we’ll always know__ 12 __ she is ! We’ll have__ 13 __ to escape ， and the slower and weaker mice will hear her coming and be able to__ 14 __ !” Hearing the words ， everyone got__ 15 __ and they congratulated him on his good idea.
“ We’ll tie it so tightly( 紧紧地 )that it will never__ 16 __ !”
“ She’ll never be able to walk__ 17 __ again ! Why ， the other day ， she suddenly appeared right in front of me ! Just imagine... ”
However ， the wise mouse said ，“ We must__ 18 __who is going to tie it on her tail. ” There was not a sound in the room.Nobody was__ 19 __ enough to put the plan into action.The meeting ended without any decision being made.
It’s often very__ 20 __to have bright ideas ， but putting them into practice is a more difficult matter.
( )1 . A.trained B . t aught C . caught D . invited 。
( )2 . A.party B . t est C . game D . meeting
( )3 . A.return B . d anger C . fact D . need
( )4 . A.rushed B . s wam C . flew D . stepped
( )5 . A.questioned B . e xplained C . suggested D . answered
( )6 . A.supported B . d iscussed C . accepted D . refused
( )7 . A.everybody B . n obody C . somebody D . anybody 。
( )8 . A.angrily B . h appily C . carefully D . slowly
( )9 . A.present B . r eason C . idea D . excuse
( )10 . A.younger B . l onger C . stronger D . wiser
( )11 . A.pleasure B . s ilence C . help D . information
( )12 . A.where B . w hat C . how D . who
( )13 . A.experience B . p ower C . time D . space
( )14 . A.shout B . w atch C . stay D . hide
( )15 . A.worried B . e xcited C . surprised D . tired
( )16 . A.drop off B . turn up C . get up D . put off
( )17 . A.gladly B . q uickly C . quietly D . directly
( )18 . A.believe B . l earn C . imagine D . decide
( )19 . A.honest B . b rave C . rich D . old
( )20 . A.easy B . d ifficult C . strange D . important
三 . 把下列直接引语变成间接引语
1 . “Don't play games in the classroom, ” the monitor said to us.
→ The monitor ________ us ________ ________ play games in the classroom.
2 . “ Come at five o'clock ， ” she said to him.
→ She________ him ________ come at five o'clock.
3 . “Give me another piece of cake, please. ”he said to her.
→ He ________ her ________ give him another piece of cake.
4 . “Let me stay up a little longer tonight, mother.” he begged.
→ He ________ his mother ________ let him stay up a little longer that night.
5 . The teacher said , “You should keep on doing it.”
高一英语学习方法
一、认真对待英语学习的五个环节
首先，我们要重视英语课前预习环节，在学习新知识前应自觉地进行课前预习，理清所要学习的新知识的思路，对于自己有疑问的地方，通过翻查资料、与同学交流，力争自己找到答案，攻克难关。其次，在预习的基础上，课堂中要积极主动参与，成为课堂活动的一员，听讲要学会抓住重点，记下关键有用的内容，有针对性、有重点地听预习中遇到的问题，做到在课堂解惑。再次，课后复习要及时，结合课堂笔记，回想所学知识，并做必要的总结概括。对老师设置的作业不但要完成，还要善于从作业中发现自己的不足，将知识运用到具体的解题中，时间允许的话，还可尝试用不同的方法翻译同一句子。最后一环是自己安排的补充内容。补充内容可以多种多样，不要局限于做课外题，可以是阅读各种书籍、听讲座、网上查询、观看影片等，这些都可以有效地补充课内学习。
二、勇于应用和实践
我们学习英语的目的，不是为了研究英语语言的规律，主要还是为了跟外国人交流，也就是能用英语听说读写译。这应该说是一种技能。而技能的掌握，光靠理论的解释是不行的，要在实践中反复地、长期地训练才能成功。因此，要想学好英语，就应该赶快拿起文章阅读，打开录音机收听，张开嘴说。多接触英语，对英语的领悟就会加深，也就能总结出适合自己的好方法。练好说的能力是不容易的，需要不怕出错，不怕别人笑话的勇气。中文、英文，差别甚大，发音方法很不相同。开始练习说，肯定错误百出。这时候，我们就应该对英语勇于应用和实践，不要害怕。
三、重视英语阅读
阅读是英语学习的一个重要方面，阅读能力是从文字中获得信息的重要能力，也是我们学习英语的最便捷的手段。作为高中英语阅读来说，我们要从精读和泛读两方面进行努力。所谓精读，就是仔细读，一句话一句话地将结构和意思搞明白。对不明白的词或短语，要翻查辞典，务求弄懂。文章读完后，还要学习归纳、综合和推理判断。有时候，将比较难的英文句子译成中文对准确的理解英文很有好处。高中英语课本中的课文和一些英语名篇都可以作为精读的材料。泛读是很多高中生容易忽略的一种阅读方式。所谓泛读，就是泛泛一读，只求了解大意，不去考虑句子结构和某些词汇的用法。泛读的材料多种多样，简易读物，英文报纸，各类比较浅显的英语文章，均可以供自己泛读。读这类材料时，不要一碰到生词就翻辞典，尽量靠上下文来猜测词义，除非一个生词反复出现，不知道意思实在影响理解全文，否则就不查。泛读还要讲究速度，不必逐词细看。泛读多了，语感就会强，还能逐步锻炼出跳读与扫读的能力。可以说，不会泛读的人，就不叫会阅读。
四、英语写作的技巧
在高中英语学习中，写作是其中必不可少的一部分。听说读写其实是互相影响，互相制约的。写作，可以使我们对英文的掌握更精确，也可以促进听说读的能力的提高。在写作上，一开始我们不要长篇大论，要从写简单句练习起。先写一两句话，逐步发展到五句话、十句话。初学写作时，可以依照中文意思译成英文，慢慢地靠头脑中的英文思维直接写出英文，主要使用小词、小句子，也就是常用词和简单句。待到有一定水平了，也可以适当用一些复杂结构，如定语从句，非谓语动词短语，强调句型等等。还要练习用好连接词语，因为连接词语用好了，可以使意思表达更准确，文章更顺畅。有一点需要特别提及的是不要生造中国式的英文。
五、背诵是英语学习的基本功
学英语，只有在死记的基础上才能活用。背诵就是死记的第一步。背诵以背小短文为好。如《新概念英语》的第二册上的小文章，内容有趣，用词浅显，语言地道，实在是练习背诵的好材料。背诵的好处很多，可以使我们熟悉英语的词汇和句型，增强语感。由于背下来的东西已在你头脑中深深扎根，这就为你在使用英语时模仿英美人的句型打下基础，否则，我们更不知道该怎么说，怎么写。假如单单从语法规则来编造句子，那样的英语很可能是不地道的英语。背诵的另一个好处是为未来作积累。高中时期是一个人记忆力最好的时期，背会的东西常常能永生难忘。没有高中阶段的大量背诵，将来在英语方面向更高层次发展就困难了。
六、学会记笔记
很多同学都有这种感觉，在课堂上对某一知识点本来理清楚了，等到课下再来看，却又不知道了，因此课上记笔记可以很好地弥补这一点。记笔记可以深化学习内容，理清思路，增进记忆。记笔记也有技巧，不能一味地写老师讲的话，而应有选择性地记。有些学生往往善于记笔记，总是一边听课，一边记笔记。在记笔记上，我们可以利用一些方面且有效的方法，把笔记在中间划一条竖线。左边记课堂上讲解的要点、词语用法、语法项目等，右边可以记预习时查得的例句、用法之类。在右半部分记下自己的心得、新看法或是课后提出的疑问。同时要注意在记笔记应有侧重点，采用一套自己习惯用的符号来标记，使笔记更加清晰、有条理，使笔记真正起到提高听课效率的作用。课下，可以根据课堂笔记，进一步对所学知识进行深化、消化，同时还要时时翻看笔记，减少遗忘。
