2017年中考英语模拟真题及答案(2)
D
S cientists have found that migrating (迁徙) birds fly not just in groups all the time, but in “V” formation and they have also tried to find out what good points birds get from this “V” formation. Now, a research group from the University of London may have found the answer – migrating birds fly in a “V” to save energy, according to a study published in the journal Nature.
When a bird flaps (拍打 ) its wings, it makes the air move in different directions. Scientists found in the study that the air creates an upward-moving wave at the tips of the wings (翼尖), which means that if a bird flies around the wingtips of another bird, it can get some help from the rising air and then they can use less energy to stay in the air.
But there is a small problem – the lead bird gets no lift advantage and can easily get tired. This is why a group of migrating birds change their leaders from time to time, according to The New York Times.
Scientists were also surprised to see that migrating birds timed their wing beats and changed their places in a very simple way to make the most of the lifting effect while avoiding areas where the air moved downward.
“They’re able to sense what’s going on from the bird in front, where this ‘good air’ is coming from and how to help themselves perfectly in it,” lead researcher Steven Portugal told BBC.
In fact, the “V” formation has long been thought to help birds fly more efficiently (有效地) without wasting too much energy. Jet fighters (战斗机) were also found to be able to reduce their energy use by up to 18% by staying near the wingtips of other Jet fighters. Both of these findings led scientists to wonder that the “V” formation had an efficiency purpose, but until now they still don’t have enough facts to show what they are thinking about is really true.
“For scientists, the new study provides an insight into an interesting natural thing. But it could mean even more for airplane companies – helping them understand how they can imitate that with their plane formations to save energy,” said Portugal.
55. According to the new study, when birds migrate, ______.
A. they don’t often change their lead birds
B. they fly in “V” formation to make best use of lift
C. they fly in “V” formation to protect the birds behind
D. the air around them makes it hard for the lead bird to fly fast
56. What is the importance of t he new study according to the article?
A. It suggests that the “V” formation can help planes fly faster.
B. It has led scientists to study more about different kinds of birds.
C. It might help airplane companies to think of ways to save energy.
D. It shows that the jet fighters form the best shape of a “V” formation.
57. The underlined word “imitate” in the last paragraph probably means “______”.
A. use B. change C. learn D. copy
58. The writer writes the passage to ______.
A. tell how migrating birds find their ways
B. explain how birds get help from migration
C. introduce some uses of migrating birds’ “V” formation
D. report new findings about migrating birds’ “V” formation
七、阅读还原句子(共10分，每小题2分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后方框中所给的六个句子中选出五个，分别填入文中相应的序号后，使短文语义连贯，结构完整。
Writing a funny speech is possibly a lot harder than writing a serious one. Try these steps to make it easy.
59._________. Ask your partner, friends, etc., if they agree with you that you have chosen a funny topic. If you can’t think of a funny topic, choose one on an everyday activity.
Research your topic. If you can’t think of enough witticisms (妙语) of your own, go online and hunt down other people’s. If you’re at a party, you won’t need to be too serious about using other people’s materials. 60._________, be sure to acknowledge (承认) them so that you are not copying.
Write in a humorous way. 61._________. Choose something that everyone is sure to know and understand. Make jokes about your topic; that way, everyone will like to read it.
Read your speech out to someone before giving it. If he or she doesn’t laugh, this might be a sign to go back to the drawing board. 62._________. Someone who is a lot like most of your listeners would be a good listener, because you will know exactly what to say to make him or her laugh.
Have fun! If you’re nervous to give your speech because you don’t think anyone will laugh, things may go on even worse. 63._________. Chances are, you’ll never have to speak in front of them again.
A. Get a good listener
B. Choose a funny topic
C. Ask your listeners to come back
D. But if you are presenting in public
E. Humor works best when everyone “gets it”
F. So just enjoy your speech and don’t mind your listeners
八、阅读与表达(共10分，每小题2分)
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
Hiking (徒步行走) in the countryside is one of life’s simple and cheap pleasures. But is it safe? Sport writer Mark Waters considers the dangers.
Imagine the following…
One day, Tom decided to take up hiking. Before going, he quickly looked at a map and decided that he could easily walk from the bus stop at Pak Tam Chung to the beach at Dai Long Wan.
After walking for hours and hours under the hot sun, Tom started to feel sick. He reached for his water but found that the bottle was empty. Then he smelt smoke and saw a fire. He called 999. However, he could not tell them where he was because he did not have a map.
Think about it …
Put yourself in Tom’s shoes. How could you stay away from the risks? One way is to learn the following common types of danger well.
1. Getting lost
Bad weather is one of the reasons why some walkers get lost. However, the most common one is not having enough knowledge of the hiking route (路线). Always remember to bring a map and don’t be too confident. Always choose a route that is right for you.
2. Heat stroke (中暑)
The summer in Hong Kong is very hot and wet. Many hikers forget this and walk for too long in the midday heat. They become hot and feel weak. Don’t forget it is necessary to drink 100 to 200 ml of water every 15 to 20 minutes.
3. Accident
Some of Hong Kong’s paths are very dangerous and it is not unknown for hikers to fall. Never walk alone and always bring a map and a mobile phone with you.
4. Hill fire
Every year, over 10,000 hill fires take place in Hong Kong, hurting more than 600 people. Never light fires unless you are allowed to and, if you see a hill fire, stay cool, walk away and report it quickly.
64. In Mark’s opinion, is hiking in the countryside safe or dangerous?
65. Why couldn’t Tom tell the police where he was?
66. What is the most common reason for people getting lost?
67. What will you do if you see a hill fire according to the passage?
68. What does the writer mainly talk about in the passage?
书面表达(共20分)
九、完成句子(共5分，每小题1分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 天这么好，为什么不在公园多待会呢?
? What a nice day today! ______ stay in t he park for a little longer?
70. 约翰决定年底放弃打网球了。
John has decided to ______ tennis at the end of this year.
71. 寒假一开始，我们全家就会去某个暖和的地方。
? My family always go somewhere warm ______ the winter holiday begins.
72. 我们太吵了，以致隔壁邻居前来抱怨。
? We were ______ our next-door neighbor came to complain.
73. 我怎样才能阻止他吸烟呢?
How can I ______?
十、文段表达(15分)
74. 根据中文和英文提示，写出一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的回信。信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所要完成的回信内。所给英文提示词语 供选用。请不要写出你的真实姓名 和校名。
假如你叫李平，最近和英国朋友John通过邮件谈论有关旅游的话题，他想了解你旅游的一些具体情况，请根据他的问题回复邮件。
提示词语： by train / air, different places, helpful, interesting
To John
From Li Ping
Subject Travelling in our life
Hi! John,
I’m glad to hear from you. ______________________
________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ping
2017年中考英语模拟试题答案
一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片(共5分，每小题1分)
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C
二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，选择正确答案(共15分，其中6—11小题每题1分，12—17小题每题1.5分)
6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B
12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B
三、听独白，记录关键信息(共10分，每小题2分)
18. north 19. 109 20. fish / go fishing 21. Tuesday 22. family
四、单项填空(共10分，每小题1分)
23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. D
五、完形填空(共12分，每小题1分)
33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D 37. A 38. B
39. C 40. D 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C
六、阅读理解(共28分，每小题2分)
45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B
51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. C 57. D 58. D
七、阅读还原句子(共10分，每小题2分)
59. B 60. D 61. E 62. A 63. F
八、阅读与表达(共10分，每小题2分)
64. Dangerous.
65. Because he didn’t have a map / Because he got lost.
66. Not having enough knowledge of the hiking route.
67. Stay cool, walk away and report it quickly.
68. The common types of danger a hiker may face and how to deal with them.
九、根据中文意思完成句子(共5分，每小题1分)
69. Why not / Why don’t you / we
70. give up (playing)
71. as soon as
72. so noisy that
73. stop him (from) smoking
十、文段表达(共15分)
74. One possible version:
I often travel by train because it’s safer and much cheaper than taking planes. I have been to many places in China, such as Shanghai, Hangzhou and Hong Kong. In my opinion, travelling can be very helpful. You can learn more about different cultures in different places, and you can also make many friends during travelling. What do you think?
书面表达评分标准：
第一档：(13~15分)
完全符合题目要求，表达思想清楚且积极向上，内容丰富。使用多种句型结构和丰富的词汇，语言通顺 ，语意连贯，具有逻辑性。
第二档：(9~12分)
基本符合题目要求，表达思想基本清楚，内容完整。语法结构和词汇基本满足文章需要。语言基本通顺，语意基本连贯。有少量语言错误，但不影响整体理解。
第三档：(5~8分)
部分内容符合题目要求，表达思想不够清楚，内容不够完整。语法结构和词汇错误较多，语言不通顺，影响整体理解。
第四档：(0~4分)
与题目有关内容不多，只是简单拼凑提示词语，所写内容难以理解。
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