陕西高考英语真题2017及英语高考复习检测卷(2)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
( A )
Some plants get so hungry that they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What’s more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they’re found on every continent except Antarctica.
You’ve probably seen a Venus’ flytrap. It’s often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks (茎) are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger (触发) hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shuts. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.
The Venus’ flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous ( 食肉的 ) Plant Society’s Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.
Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: “attract, kill, digest, and absorb”some form of insects, including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants---well, most of the time.
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis (光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes “meat-eating” plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen (氮). Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can’t obtain any other way. While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil,“ meat-eating” plants can’t. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity. So they’ve come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to “meat-eating” plants. Never fertilize them! But don’t worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they’ll grow very slowly.
66. According to the passage, carnivorous plants ___________.
A. only grow in wild field B. are rare to see
C. are as common as flies D. cannot grow on Antarctica
67. Venus’ flytrap preys on insects by ___________.
A. its numerous long and thin stalks B. a container where it grows
C. its insect-catching leaves D. the lining of tiny trigger hairs
68. We can conclude from the third paragraph that ___________.
A. carnivorous plants are dangerous
B. carnivorous plants are fictional
C. carnivorous plants occasionally eat books
D. carnivorous plants are harmless to humans
69. In the eyes of the author, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil.
B. Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil.
C. Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects.
D. Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil
( B )
“ Asia’s Challenge 2020 ” Essay Prize
DESCRIPTION
What is the most important challenge facing Asia over the next decade? Why? What should be done about it?
The best answer in 3,000 words or less will win a prize of $2,500. Two runners-up will be awarded prizes of $1,000 each. These three prize winners will be invited to Singapore for an expenses-paid awards ceremony. The winning articles will be posted on Time. com.
PURPOSE
The main purpose of the essay prize is to generate fresh ideas for tackling key challenges to Asia’s continued competitiveness and development, as well as encourage young professionals to make an impact on public policy and business in Asia.
SELECTION CRITERIA
The essay will be judged according to creativity, innovation, rigor of research and writing, as well as achievability of idea. It can be focused on one or more areas relevant to Asia, such as macro-economics, business, international relations, trade and investment, education, healthcare, urban development, science and technology, and energy and the environment. The essay must be written in English. It should not have been previously published in English in a publication with broad international circulation.
CANDIDATE REQUIREMENTS
The candidate authoring the essay must be under 32 years of age as of December 31, 2010. The candidate must be an Asian national.
SUBMISSIONREQUIREMENTS
The essay should be submitted electronically to prize@ asiabusinesscouncil. Org. by August 31, 2010. Prize winners will be announced in September 2010.
The submission should contain the candidate’s full name, nationality, and month and year of birth. The essay should include a title and word count.
70. What is the main purpose of the essay prize?
A. To select young professionals of both ability and imagination.
B. To predict the prospects of Asia in the next decade.
C. To issue the challenges facing Asia.
D. To inspire brilliant ideas for solving problems in Asia.
71. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The winners of the essay prize can travel to Singapore for free.
B. Articles published in local newspapers will not be accepted.
C.Young people from Russia or Australia are excluded from the essay prize.
D. The candidate’s article can deal with several aspects of developments in Asia.
72. The candidate’s article should be sent ___________.
A. by air mail B. by e-mail C. by surface mail D. by express mail( C )
According to Nielsen, the average number of mobile phone calls we make is dropping every year, after hitting a peak in 2007. And our calls are getting shorter: In 2005 they averaged three minutes in length; now they’re almost half that.
We are moving, in other words, toward a fascinating cultural transition: the death of the telephone call. This shift is particularly plainamong the young. Some college students I know go days without talking into their smartphones at all.
This generation doesn’t make phone calls, because everyone is in constant, lightweight contact in so many other ways: texting, chatting, and social-network messaging. And we don’t just have more options than we used to. We have better ones: These new forms of communication have exposed the fact that the voice call is badly designed. It deserves to die. Consider: If I suddenly decide I want to dial you up, I have no way of knowing whether you’re busy, and you have no idea why I’m calling.
We have to open Schrödinger’s box every time, having a conversation to figure out whether it’s OK to have a conversation. Plus, voice calls are emotionally high-bandwidth, which is why it’s so weirdly exhausting to be interrupted by one. ( We apparently find voicemail even more torturous: Studies show that more than a fifth of all voice messages are never listened to. )
The telephone, in other words, doesn’t provide any information about status, so we are constantly interrupting one another. The other tools at our disposal are more polite. Instant messaging lets us detect whether our friends are busy without our annoying them, and texting lets us ping one another but not at the same time. ( Plus, we can spend more time thinking about what we want to say. ) Despite the hue and cry about becoming an “ always on ” society, we’re actually moving away from the demand that everyone should be available immediately.
We’ll still make fewer phone calls, as most of our former phone time will migrate to other media. But the calls we do make will be longer, reserved for the sort of deep discussion that the medium does best.
As video chatting becomes more common, enabled by the new iPhone and other devices, we might see the growth of persistent telepresence, leaving video-chat open all day so we can speak to a spouse or colleague spontaneously. Or, to put it another way, we’ll call less but talk more.
73. The writer of the text thinks that what is happening with mobile phone calls is ________.
A. an unexpected occurrence
B. a strange but very predictable fact
C. an interesting social phenomenon
D. negative for social interaction
74. In paragraph 3, the writer’s attitude towards phone voice calls is __________.
A. doubtful B. concerned C. positive D. negative
75. The phrase “ hue and cry ” in paragraph 5 means __________.
A. appeal B. protest C. claim D. argument
76. What does the writer think will happen to voice calls in the future?
A. They will only be used in emergencies.
B. They will continue to get more expensive.
C. They will only be used between family members.
D. They will be used mainly for intimate and detailed discussions.
77. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Video Chatting B. Talking into Smartphones
C. The Death of the Phone Call D. Mobile Phone callsSection C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Next week, as millions of families gather for their Thanksgiving feasts, many other Americans will go without. According to the United States Department of Agriculture, more than 12 million households lack enough food for everyone in their family at some time during the year---including holidays.
Hunger is surprisingly widespread in our country---one of the world’s wealthiest---yet the government estimates that we waste almost 100 billion pounds of food each year, more than one-quarter of our total supply.
Reducing this improper distribution of resources is a goal of America’s Second Harvest, the nation’s largest domestic hunger-relief organization. Last year, it distributed nearly 2 billion pounds of food to more than 23 million people in need.
America’s Second Harvest is a network of 214 inter-connected food banks and other organizations that gather food from growers, processors, grocery stores and restaurants. In turn, the network distributes food to some 50,000 soup kitchens,homeless shelters and old people’s centers in every county of every state.
A great deal of work is involved in distributing tons of food from thousands of donors to thousands of small, nonprofit organizations. Until a few years ago, America’s Second Harvest lacked any effective way to manage their inventory ( 存货 ). Without accurate and timely information, soup kitchens were sometimes empty while food was left to spoil in loading places.
In 2000, America’s Second Harvest began to use a new inventory and financial-management system---Ceres. It is software designed specifically for hunger-relief operations. It is used by more than 100 America’s Second Harvest organizations to track food from donation to distribution.
Ceres has helped reduce the spoiling of food and improve distribution. An evaluation found that the software streamlined( 提高效率 ) food banks’ operations by 23 percent in the first year alone.
With more accurate and timely reports, Ceres saves time, frees staff members to focus on finding new donors, and promises more efficient use of donations.
Hunger in America remains a troubling social problem. Technology alone cannot solve it. But in the hands of organizations such as America’s Second Harvest, it is a powerful tool that is helping to make a difference---and helping more Americans to join in the feast.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
78.What is the total supply of food in America every year according to the passage ?
_____________________________________________________________.
79.By “ this improper distribution of resources ” in Paragraph 3, the writer means that many Americans ____________________________food while others ____________________________ food.
80.What problem was America’s Second Harvest faced with in distributing food before Ceres was created?
_____________________________________________________________.
81.Thanks to ____________________________________________________ provided by Ceres, more staff are freed to be committed to finding new donors and America’s Second Harvest is able to give out food more efficiently.
第II卷 (共47分)
I. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.有可能防止金融危机将来再次发生吗? ( possible )
2.除非采取紧急措施，否则我们的计划将泡汤。( spoil )
3.整个团队只有互相配合才能按时完成这项任务。( Only )
4.据报道上海迪斯尼乐园的面积将是香港迪斯尼的四倍。( report v. )
5.有所得就有所失，我们要意识到这一点。( while )
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
现在上网阅读的人越来越多，人们可以更快地从网上读到新闻，找到他们所需要的信息或下载文学作品。
1.你认为网络是否能最终代替书刊报纸?
2.举例说明你的理由。
参考答案
第I卷 (共103分)
I.Listening Comprehension
Section A
1-10 DCBBA CDBAD
Section B
11-13 CDA 14-16 ACC
Section C
17. Saturday 18. grocery 19. vacation 20. van
21. tough and thick 22. wet and foggy 23. northern 24. Over 2,000 years
II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
25. (al) though 26. to reach 27. farther / further 28. when
29. disappointed 30. an 31. planned 32. setting
33. using 34.are linked 35. whether / if 36. in which
37. that 38. But 39. in 40. can
Section B
41-50 CHGKD JFBEI
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
51-65 CDBCA CBCAD CBABD
Section B
66-69 DCDB 70-72 DBB 73-77 BDBDC
Section C
78. About 400 billion pounds.
79. lack enough ; waste too much
80. It lacked an / any efficient way to manage inventory ( food store ) / of managing inventory ( food store ). /
It didn’t have a(n) / any good ( efficient ) way / had no good ( efficient ) way to manage inventory / of managing inventory ( food store )
81. more accurate and timely ( immediate ) reports / information
第II卷 (共47分)
I.Translation
1.有可能防止金融危机将来再次发生吗? ( possible )
Is it possible to stop / keep / prevent a financial crisis from happening / occurring
1 1 1
again in the future ?
1
2.除非采取紧急措施，否则我们的计划将泡汤。( spoil )
Unless we take urgent measures, our plan will be spoiled / spoilt.
2 2
Unless urgent measures are taken, our plan will be spoiled / spoilt.
2 2
If we don’t take urgent measures, …
2
If urgent measures aren’t taken,…
2
3.整个团队只有互相配合才能按时完成这项任务。( Only )
Only by cooperating with each other can the whole team
1 1
finish / accomplish the task on time / schedule / punctually .
1 1
4.据报道上海迪斯尼乐园的面积将是香港迪斯尼的四倍。( report v. )
It is reported that the area of the Disney (theme /amusement ) Park in Shanghai will be
1 1 1
four times as big (large ) as / three times bigger ( larger ) than / four times the size of
1
that in Hong Kong.
1
5.有所得就有所失，我们要意识到这一点。( while )
While we gain something, we will lose something else, and
1.5 1.5 0.5
we should be conscious (aware) of / realize it.
1.5
We should be conscious ( aware ) / realize that we will lose something else
2 1.5
while we gain something.
1.5
While we gain something, we will lose something else, which
1.5 1.5 0.5
we should be conscious (aware) of / realize .
1.5
