荆州古城英语导游词
荆州古城，是位于湖北省荆州市的一座名胜古迹，有东南西北4个老城门门以及一个新南门，城内有玄妙观、关帝庙及铁女寺等。接下来是小编为大家整理的关于荆州古城英语导游词，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!
荆州古城英语导游词1
Jingzhou Ancient City is also known as Jiangling city. It is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. It is adjacent to Shashi in the South and the Yangtze River. The city wall hovers in the light and color of the lake, undulating according to the terrain, winding along the lake and extending like a dragon. The majestic ancient city has a history of more than 2000 years. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has a towering outline. After five dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it began to build a brick city, which was destroyed and repaired in song, yuan and Ming Dynasties. The well preserved ancient city wall was built by Yiming city wall in 1646 ad. in recent years, many new scenic spots have been built inside and outside the wall.
We all know the story of Liu Bei crying in Jingzhou and Guan Gong losing Jingzhou in romance of the Three Kingdoms. This is "a place for military strategists." Jingzhou, the capital of China. This famous cultural city is located in the west of the vast and rich Jianghan Plain. In the Han Dynasty, the whole country was divided into 36 states, which got its name because of Jingshan in the north. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, several emperors built their capitals here, making this city an important place for the successive dynasties to garrison troops and set up their offices.
Jingzhou City, located in the meeting of the rivers and lakes, is a hub connecting the water and land transportation in the southeast, northwest and northwest. It has fertile land, mild climate and rich specialties. It was also one of the important commercial centers in China. In the Western Han Dynasty, it ranked first among the five southern counties.
Jingzhou is one of the nine prefectures (Ji, Gung, Qing, Yang, Jing, Yu, Liang, Yong) established by Dayu in ancient times when he controlled the flood. It got its name from Jingshan in that time. After the Three Kingdoms period, Jingzhou City has always been a place of governance at the state and county level, and some even established their capital here.
The ancient city of Jingzhou is divided into three layers, water city outside, brick city in the middle and earth city inside. It is said that in order to prevent the foundation of the city from sinking and flooding, glutinous rice slurry was poured into the stone crevice at the foot of the right city, so the city wall was particularly strong. It is said that Guan Yunchang, the general of Shu in the Three Kingdoms, was guarding Jingzhou when nine fairies came down to earth. It's said that Jingzhou's swordsmen have moved too much, so they should be taken back and placed in God's land, and no mortals are allowed to fight for them. Guan Gong was loyal to his brother and refused to let Jingzhou, so he thought of a plan, saying: "you are in the northwest, I am in the southeast, each building a city, the city is a thousand steps on Friday, it starts at dark, the crowing of chickens stops, who builds first, who manages this place. The nine fairies used their clothes to cover the earth, and Guan Gong cut reeds to build the city. Guangong city is just a corner away from the nine fairies City, and the chickens are not crowing yet. Guan Gong vibrates the chicken cage and the reed mat, the rooster crows, and the nine fairies go to heaven in shame. This is the origin of jiunvzhuo outside the north gate of Jingzhou City. It's also said that Zhang Fei also carried the earth to help his second brother build the city. But when he came late, he dumped the earth outside the east gate. Nowadays, people call these two hills like Earth "Zhang Fei Yidan earth". These are all myths and legends. However, in order to guard against the eastern Wu Dynasty, Guan Gong built a new city next to the old city in the Han Dynasty, which has historical records.
Ten li north of Jingzhou is the site of the largest city in southern China during the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period. The state of Chu had 20 kings who built their capitals here in 411. The ancient city is rich in Chu culture on the ground, underground, inside and outside the city. You can easily find tiles and pottery from more than 2000 years ago here.
In the ancient city of Jingzhou, there are some historical sites related to the Three Kingdoms, such as the big iron pot and manger for Guan Gong's March, and the throwing armour mountain for Lu Meng's troops when he attacked Jingzhou. Outside the city, there are many sites related to the legend of Guanyu of the Three Kingdoms in Baling mountain. We stepped down from luomaotai at the south end of Baling mountain, headed for the mountain, passed through layers of pine forest, and came to Guangong pianquan. According to the inscription beside the spring, "when Liu Xian was trapped in Dangyang, Guan Gong led his teacher to save him. Through this way, people and horses were trapped, and a sense of loyalty and righteousness gushed out. It has been recited to this day." Now, the water of this spring is either for the tea pavilion to make tea for tourists, or for the winery to make wine for guests.
With a long history, Jingzhou has left innumerable antiquities. Now there are more than 3000 preserved in Jingzhou Museum. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, is famous for his work. His sword was unearthed in the north of Jingzhou in 1965. There are eight characters on the sword: "King Gou Jian of Yue, self acting sword". The sword body is full of diamond pattern, inlaid with tricolor glass and turquoise. The blade is extremely sharp. It can still blow hair and cut iron like mud.
Due to the reason of going to school, I came to this ancient city. Although Jingzhou can't compare with the big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, it has its unique charm. In Jingzhou, the most common one is its ancient city wall. There are seven gates, and the whole city is surrounded by the city wall. In March, spring flowers bloom, riding bicycles together, facing the warm spring breeze, leaving our youth at the foot of the city wall, Also leave us good memories!
Jingzhou also has many famous scenic spots: Peach Blossom Island, Jingzhou Yangtze River Swan Island Baiji National Nature Reserve, longevity pagoda, spring and Autumn Pavilion, Jinfeng take-off, Three Kingdoms Park, Jingzhou Museum and so on. Now is a good time to go to Taohua village. Enjoying farm food and watching peach blossoms, I feel very happy. Far away from the noise of the city, I feel like I have come to a paradise!
荆州古城英语导游词2
This famous cultural city is located in the west of the vast and rich Jianghan Plain. In the Han Dynasty, the whole country was divided into 36 states, named after Jingshan in the north. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, several emperors built their capitals here, making this city an important place for the successive dynasties to garrison troops and set up their offices.
The ancient city of Jingzhou is divided into three layers, water city outside, brick city in the middle and earth city inside. It is said that in order to prevent the foundation of the city from sinking and flooding, glutinous rice slurry was poured into the stone crevice at the foot of the right city, so the city wall was particularly strong. It is said that Guan Yunchang, the general of Shu in the Three Kingdoms, was guarding Jingzhou when nine fairies came down to earth. It's said that Jingzhou's swordsmen have moved too much, so they should be taken back and placed in God's land, and no mortals are allowed to fight for them. Guan Gong was loyal to his brother and refused to let Jingzhou, so he thought of a plan, saying: "you are in the northwest, I am in the southeast, each building a city, the city is a thousand steps on Friday, it starts at dark, the crowing of chickens stops, who builds first, who manages this place. The nine fairies used their clothes to cover the earth, and Guan Gong cut reeds to build the city. Guangong city is just a corner away from the nine fairies City, and the chickens are not crowing yet. Guan Gong vibrates the chicken cage and the reed mat, the rooster crows, and the nine fairies go to heaven in shame. This is the origin of jiunvzhuo outside the north gate of Jingzhou City. It's also said that Zhang Fei also carried the earth to help his second brother build the city. But when he came late, he dumped the earth outside the east gate. Nowadays, people call these two hills like Earth "Zhang Fei Yidan earth". These are all myths and legends. However, in order to guard against the eastern Wu Dynasty, Guan Gong built a new city next to the old city in the Han Dynasty, which has historical records. Anyone who has read the romance of the Three Kingdoms knows the story of Liu Bei's false cry for Jingzhou and Guan Gong's careless loss of Jingzhou. Our first stop was "a place for military strategists." Jingzhou, the capital of China.
荆州古城英语导游词3
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen!
Today we will visit the famous ancient city of Jingzhou.
"Hearing about the Three Kingdoms, I want to go to Jingzhou every time.". When you mention Jingzhou, you will naturally think of the famous stories of the Three Kingdoms in the romance of the Three Kingdoms, such as Liu Bei's borrowing Jingzhou, Lu Su's attacking Jingzhou, Lu Meng's attacking Jingzhou, and Guan Yu's losing Jingzhou. Of the 120 chapters of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, 72 chapters involve Jingzhou. For thousands of years, there has been an endless stream of people who have come to Jingzhou to inquire about the history of the Three Kingdoms. As your on-the-spot tour guide, I am very honored to take this opportunity to show you the historical picture of the evolution and development of Jingzhou Ancient City over the past two thousand years.
We are now at the east gate of Jingzhou City. The river tens of meters wide in front of you is the moat. During the war, it was a natural barrier against the enemy's attack. Now, on this river, a grand International Dragon Boat Invitational race is held every year. Before entering the city, let me first introduce the historical background of the ancient city of Jingzhou.
Jingzhou City, also known as Jiangling city. At present, Jingzhou is the most complete ancient city in southern China, and it is also one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council in 1982. In 1996, Jingzhou Ancient City Wall was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. In 2000, Jingzhou City, with Jingzhou Ancient City as the center, was named as China's excellent tourist city by the National Tourism Administration.
Looking back on the history of Jingzhou, we can say that it is closely connected with the 5000 year history of Chinese civilization. As we all know, the Chinese nation is a descendant of the Yellow Emperor. After the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor's tribes merged and unified China, Jingzhou was one of the ancient Kyushu.
The name of "Jingzhou" can be found in the book "Shangshu? Yugong" in the Warring States period, which states that "Jingzhou and Hengyang only exist in Jingzhou". At that time, the area of Jingzhou was very large, and the state of Chu in the spring and autumn and Warring States period rose in Jingzhou. According to historical records, in the eighth year of King Zhouzhuang (689 BC), King Wen of Chu moved the capital city to Ji'nan City, which is five kilometers north of Jingzhou. The state of Chu established its capital here for 411 years. It experienced 20 kings before and after that, creating a Chu culture that is as important as the Central Plains culture in the Yellow River Valley, and comparable to the ancient Greek and Roman culture. It is said that during the reign of King Cheng of Chu (671-525 B.C.), in order to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the Yangtze River, he built many palaces and palace boat docks in Jingzhou City, which are the rudiments of today's Jingzhou City. In the 29th year of King Zhao of Qin Dynasty (278 BC), Bai Qi, a famous general of Qin state, led his troops to attack the state of Chu and occupied the area between Jianghan and Han. Then Qin established Nanjun in the capital of Chu, which was one of the 36 counties in China at that time. Later, the Qin Dynasty established Jiangling County in today's Jingzhou City, which is called "Jiangling" because it is close to the river and there are no mountains near the state. In 106 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty established the Department of Cishi in Jingzhou, one of the thirteen prefectures in China. Since then, Jingzhou has become the name of administrative division.
Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Jingzhou has become an important place for the successive dynasties to establish their own government. It has always been a place of governance at the state and county level, and some dynasties even established their capitals and states here. During the Three Kingdoms period, this place was an important place for hegemony. Sun and Liu united to defeat Cao's army in the first battle of Chibi, so Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou from Sun Quan the next year and developed the power of Shu on this basis. Since then, Emperor an in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, Emperor Qihe, Emperor Liangyuan and Emperor houliangxuan in the Southern Dynasty, King Houliang in the Sui Dynasty, and King Nanping in the late Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, etc. successively, there have been 11 disputed princes who claimed to be emperors (kings) and established their capitals here for more than 100 years. In Tang Dynasty, Jingzhou was the auxiliary capital, called "Nanjun", which echoed the north and south of Chang'an city. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, Jiangling mansion was set up here. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Jiangling mansion was changed to Shanglu mansion. In the early Ming Dynasty, Jingzhou Prefecture was established. In Qing Dynasty, the system of Ming Dynasty was adopted. In the Republic of China, Jingzhou was the fourth administrative capital of Hubei Province. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Jingzhou City was the seat of Jingzhou regional Commissioner Office and Jiangling County People's government. In 1994, the former Jingzhou area and Shashi City merged to form Jingsha City, which was renamed Jingzhou City in 1997. Jingzhou City is the seat of Jingzhou District of six counties and two districts of Jingzhou City.
Jingzhou City is located in the middle of the world. The meeting of the rivers and lakes has always been a place for military strategists. Zhuge Liang once said, "Jingzhou is a country of military use, which is based on the Han Dynasty and Mianyang in the north, the South China Sea in the East, Wu and Hui in the East, and Ba and Shu in the West.". Li Gu, the prime minister famous for his uprightness and loyalty in the Han Dynasty, Guan Yu, Zhou Yu, Lu Meng and Lu Xun, the famous generals of the Three Kingdoms, and Ma taokan, the great master of literature and martial arts in the Jin Dynasty, once guarded Jingzhou; Xie Lingyun and Bao Zhao, the poets of Jin Dynasty, Zhang Jiuling and Zhang Cambodian, the Kaiming prime ministers of Tang Dynasty, Han Yu and Yuan Zhen, the great literary scholars, and Wang Anshi, the great statesman of Song Dynasty, have also held different positions in Jingzhou. In addition, many major peasant uprisings in the past dynasties also took Jingzhou as an important target, such as Wang Kuang and Wang Feng in the late Western Han Dynasty, Huang Chao in the late Tang Dynasty, Chen Youliang in the late Yuan Dynasty, Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong in the late Ming Dynasty.
In addition to being a military important place, the economy and culture of ancient Jingzhou City were also very active and prosperous. Due to its convenient transportation, fertile land, mild climate and rich products, it has developed into one of the top ten commercial centers in China as early as the Western Han Dynasty, ranking first among the five southern counties. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, it became "the first city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River", as well as Yangzhou, a famous commercial city in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Although it was once destroyed in the war in the Western Wei Dynasty, it gradually returned to prosperity in the middle Tang Dynasty, and its scale was about ten times as large as before. Therefore, Jingzhou City was regarded as the "companion capital" at that time, and was also known as Chang'an and Luoyang.
Jingzhou is the center of Chu culture, the music and dance nation of "Chutian" and enjoys the reputation of "only Chu has talent". For thousands of years, the culture here has been prosperous and talents have come forth in large numbers, including Qu Yuan, a famous patriotic poet of Chu state, cen Shen, a famous frontier poet of Tang Dynasty, and Zhu LAN, a "xiaowanjuan" of Song Dynasty. In the political arena, the prime ministers coming out of Jingzhou include Liu Wei and Duan Wenchang of Tang Dynasty, CEN Zhiben, cen Changqing and Cen Xi. The most famous prime minister is Zhang Juzheng of Ming Dynasty. He advocated abolishing bad politics and developing economy. He played a positive role at that time and was respected by later generations. At the same time, the beautiful natural scenery and profound cultural heritage of Jingzhou City have also attracted many well-known scholars of all ages to visit, sing poems and meet friends, Sima Qian of Han Dynasty, Wang can and Tao Yuanming of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Li Bai, Du Fu, Liu Yuxi, Li Shangyin and Du Mu of Tang Dynasty, Su Shi and Lu You of Song Dynasty, Yuan Hongdao and Wang Shizhen of Ming and Qing Dynasty He has visited Jingzhou City and left a large number of excellent poems and essays, among which the most famous one is the quatrains in Li Bai's poem xiajiangling, which says "when the emperor leaves the White Emperor, the Jiangling will return in a day".
Well, having said so much, we must have a better understanding of the past of Jingzhou Ancient City. Now let's go to see what Jingzhou City looks like. Please follow me along the sidewalk on the right side to the city. On the left side is the horse road. If you pay attention to it, you will find that there are inscriptions on the bricks of the horse road. These are the precious inscriptions on the walls of the ancient city of Jingzhou. They record the long history of the construction of Jingzhou city wall and reflect the changes of the administrative areas under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou It is of great value to the study of history.
It is said that in the Han Dynasty, Jingzhou had a regular city wall. After 12 times of maintenance and expansion, the city became more solid and magnificent, including Guan Yu, the general of Shu, Zhu ran, the general of Wu, Huan Wen, the governor of Jingzhou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Liang Yuandi. According to historical records, the first brick wall of Jingzhou was built in the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. In 912 ad, Gao Jixing, the Jiedu envoy of Southern Jingzhou, used more than 100000 soldiers and civilians to overhaul the brick wall of Jingzhou for the purpose of seizing Jingzhou as a king. If there were not enough bricks to build the city, he ordered to dig out tomb bricks everywhere, and all the tombs within 50 Li were excavated. It is said that after the completion of the city wall, countless phosphorescent lights will appear on the wall every night, which looks like "ghost fire" and makes people creepy. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the city wall was destroyed because of the "Jingkang" war. In the Southern Song Dynasty, in order to appease Shi Zhaoxiong and strengthen the defense of Jingzhou, Emperor shangzou Chunxi approved the construction of the brick wall in 1187. Within 11 months, the brick wall was rebuilt, and more than 1000 Battle Towers were built on the wall. This time, the bricks were "special city bricks" ordered by the government. There was an inscription on the bricks, but there was no record of the year. Later, Yuanbing captured Jingzhou City, and Kublai Khan ordered that the city wall be demolished. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang restored the foundation again and excavated moats around the city. At the end of Ming Dynasty, after Zhang Xianzhong led the peasant uprising army to attack Jingzhou City, the city wall was demolished by the angry volunteers. Until the third year of Shunzhi (1646 AD), the city wall was built on the old foundation for the third time, which is the ancient city wall of Jingzhou. The construction of the city is very strong. In order to prevent the city wall from sinking due to water erosion, all the footings of the city wall are built with stone barriers, and the walls are filled with lime and glutinous rice mortar. Although the city wall was destroyed three times and built three times, and after more than 300 years of cold and heat in spring and autumn, it is still in good condition. After the founding of new China, the state and local governments have focused on the protection of the ancient city of Jingzhou. They have transformed, renovated, repaired and expanded the city and its surrounding environment, built the inner ring road and the outer ring road, dredged and managed the moat, and built Fenghuang square and Tianwen square outside the east gate and the new north gate respectively, making the ancient city of Jingzhou more beautiful, magnificent and spectacular The old and fresh face of Jingzhou City seen by heaven.
In addition, according to experts' research, so far, the earliest character brick with year number found on Jingzhou City Wall was found in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369 A.D.), which has a history of more than 600 years. This brick is 207 years earlier than the character brick of Wanli year found on the Great Wall reported by Xinhua news agency. What's more amazing is that according to the records of the written bricks, these bricks were not only from Jianghan Plain, but also from other places in the province and other places outside the province, such as Hunan, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, etc., which shows the huge scale of the city building project at that time. Ancient city building also reflects the idea of quality management. The detailed or simple responsibility inscriptions left by the construction or maintenance of the city walls in the past dynasties are actually a kind of public responsibility. In addition to recording the time and place of brick making, there are also detailed inscriptions on the supervisor, brick maker, kiln maker, brick making expenses, the name of the undertaker and the local officials in charge. It can be seen that during the construction of Jingzhou city wall at that time, the practice of "mobilizing the whole people, working from top to bottom, clear division of labor, and responsibility to people" was adopted. The reason why Jingzhou has been known as "the iron Jingzhou" in ancient times is inseparable from this "responsibility system". This is what we need to learn from the sages today.
If you observe these character bricks carefully, you will find that there are both yin and Yang inscriptions, and both yin and Yang inscriptions in the way of writing; there are both running script and regular script in the way of calligraphy; there are both traditional and simplified characters in the way of writing. Therefore, these character bricks have important artistic research value, which is worthy of further development and utilization.
Now, we have boarded the East Gate Tower, looking out from the fence, and thinking about Guan Yu's years, when she was young and bearded, holding the green dragon Yanyue sword, did you also have a strong heart to experience the pride of "one man is in charge of the pass, ten thousand men are not allowed to open it"?
From the aerial view, Jingzhou City Wall is like a swimming dragon, stretching in the lake and marsh, in an irregular oval shape. The whole city wall is 3.75 km long from east to west, 1.2 km wide from north to south, 10.5 km in circumference, and covers an area of 4.5 square kilometers. The wall is 8.83 meters high, the top is 3 to 5 meters wide, and the base is about 10 meters wide. There are 4567 battlements, 26 fortresses and 4 Zang Bing Dong on the wall. These are the ancient war defense attack tools.
There are six gates in the ancient city of Jingzhou, two in the northeast and one in the southwest. The name of the east gate is Yin bin gate, the name of the small east gate is gong'an gate, the name of the big north gate is Gong Ji gate, also known as Liu gate, the name of the small north gate is Yuan'an gate, the name of the south gate is Nan Ji gate, and the name of the west gate is an LAN gate. The name of each gate has something to do with the geography, history and customs of Jingzhou. For example, Xiaodongmen, Liu Bei changed youjiangkou to gong'an, married Mrs. sun and went back to Jingzhou by boat. At this gate, he got off the boat and landed in Jingzhou City, so it was named gong'an; Another example is the Great North gate. In ancient times, there was a road leading to Kyoto in the north of the city. When officials moved and transferred, they all went out of this gate. When officials and friends saw each other off, they broke the willows and gave them away. Therefore, it is also called liumen. According to historical records, since the Han Dynasty, it has become a custom for relatives and friends to give each other a gift when they leave. The reason is that "Liu" is the homonym of "Liu", and "Liu" means "retention" and "nostalgia". In addition to the small east gate, the other five gates all have a gate, which is a double gate. There is an urn between the two gates. Each double gate is equipped with a wooden opposite door, and there is a 10 cm thick gate inside the wooden gate to prevent water damage. In addition, there were gate towers on the six gates. The East Gate Tower was called Binyang tower, the small East Gate Tower was called Wangjiang tower, the big north gate tower was called Jinglong tower, the small North Gate Tower was called Chaozong tower, the South Gate Tower was called Qujiang tower, and the west gate tower was called Jiuyang tower. Due to the change of dynasties, historical changes, and the destruction of war, the original gate tower except Jinglong tower on the big north gate was in the 18th year of Daoguang reign of Qing Dynasty( That is, in 1838 A.D., it was rebuilt and preserved until now. The Binyang building in the east gate, where we are now, was rebuilt in the 1980s with funds from the state in order to develop Jingzhou tourism, repair and protect the ancient city of Jingzhou.
There are also some historical sites scattered around Jingzhou, which are also places worth visiting. For example, Kaiyuan Temple, Xuanmiao temple, tienu temple, Confucian temple, Guandi Temple inside the city, Taihui temple outside the city, Guangong dianjiangtai, zhangfei yidantu and so on. In addition to the city wall and these historical relics, it is difficult to see ancient buildings in Jingzhou City, instead of rows of tall buildings large building. As time goes on, the streets and alleys in Jingzhou City in the past have been replaced by wide roads, forming a crisscross and orderly road network. In order to meet the needs of modern means of transportation, three new city gates suitable for public transport have been built on the walls of the East, South and North, making the city gate of Jingzhou today nine. The ancient city of Jingzhou is full of modern atmosphere. The commercial atmosphere is very strong. The large-scale shopping malls include Jingzhou shopping mall, Jingzhou department store, Jingzhou Hualian Shopping Mall, Jingzhou Chutian building, etc. there are all kinds of goods in these shopping malls. If you want to buy some local products of Jingzhou and take them home as souvenirs or gifts to your relatives and friends, I can introduce Jingzhou scenery here Here you are. Please listen carefully: in juzhenyuan, an old hotel with a history of 100 years, you can buy authentic Jiangling eight treasures rice; in Jingzhou department store, you can buy delicious Jiangling nine yellow cakes; in Jingzhou silk factory, you can buy desirable brocade satin, antique silk and other silk products; in Jingzhou arts and crafts factory, you can also buy various kinds of antique Lacquerware
Well, here is the information about the ancient city of Jingzhou. Now give you a quarter of an hour to move freely. You can take photos here.
荆州古城英语导游词4
Jingzhou is located in the central and southern part of Hubei Province and the hinterland of Jianghan Plain. It looks to Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, to the East, the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River to the west, Changde, Yueyang and Yiyang of Hunan Province to the south, and Jingmen to the north. It governs Jingzhou and Shashi districts, Gongan, Jianli and Jiangling counties, and Songzi, Honghu and Shishou cities. It has a total land area of 483 square kilometers and a total population of 6.3 million.
Jingzhou City was formed as early as 4000 years ago in the Xia Dynasty. It was one of the nine prefectures established by Dayu to control the water. Because it had a large jurisdiction, including Hubei, Hunan, the border between Guangdong and Guangxi and Nanyang Basin in Henan Province. It also relied on the Jingshan mountain in the West of Nanzhang County in Hubei Province. At that time, the ancients defined it as Jingzhou according to the custom of determining place names by mountains and rivers. The characteristic of this city is one city and two names, both Jingzhou City and Jiangling city. The origin of Jiangling city is that Jiangling County was founded more than 2600 years ago. The word Jiangling means "there are no mountains in the distance, and all lingbu are nearby", that is, there are no mountains in the distance, but hills and water are nearby. The poem "a thousand li Jiangling is returned in one day" refers to this city.
Now we are located in Shashi District of Jingzhou City. I don't know if any of you have ever been to Shashi. Shashi used to be a light industrial city, especially the textile industry is relatively developed, and there are several famous enterprises, such as huoli28. I think you all know that. In addition, Shashi was not called Shashi when it was first. It was called Shashi because there were so many stones here. It turned out to be a busy Wharf on the Yangtze River. As early as 1895, the Qing government signed the Treaty of Shimonoseki with Britain, which included the opening of five trading ports on the Yangtze River. Shashi was one of the five trading ports.
Jingzhou is the birthplace of Chu culture, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms, and the center of the revolutionary base of Western Hunan and Hubei. It is one of the 24 famous historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council in the first batch. It is located in the Three Gorges tourism line, the ancient Three Kingdoms tourism line, and the Chu culture tourism line. It has a lot of people, culture and scenery, and historical sites all over the city. At present, there are 5 national key cultural relics protection units: Jigong Mountain There are 32 provincial-level key cultural relics protection units and more than 500 municipal (county) level key cultural relics protection units. Jingzhou has been a place for military strategists since ancient times. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei, Shu and Wu not only left many moving stories such as "Liu Bei borrowed Jingzhou" and "Guan Yu lost Jingzhou" but also left a large number of sites of the Three Kingdoms. They mainly include Jiangling's Guangong dianjiangtai and mapaoquan, Honghu's caocaowan and Wulin village, Jianli's zilonggang and Huarong Road, Shishou's Xiulin town and liulangpu, Gongan's Madame Sun City, etc. Jingzhou City has a well preserved ancient city wall. After more than 1800 years, the ancient appearance still exists. The scale of the existing city is so large and well preserved that it is the only one I have ever visited in the south, and it is also rare in the whole country. There are Kaiyuan Temple and Xuanmiao temple built in Tang Dynasty, Taihui temple built in Ming Dynasty, Confucian temple, Guan temple and tienu temple built in Qing Dynasty. According to archaeological findings, Jingzhou was the place where primitive human beings lived as early as 5000 years ago. Jigong Mountain in the north of the city is a Paleolithic site from 50000 to 200000 years ago. 5、 Six thousand years ago, human beings created splendid Qujialing culture and Shijiahe culture in Jingzhou. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, bronze smelting technology, cast iron forging technology, silk embroidery technology and lacquerware technology were all at the leading level in the world; Lao Zhuang philosophy, Chu Ci literature, music and dance also ascended the palace of ancient world civilization. There are five Chu city sites, 83 Chu cultural sites and more than 800 large-scale ancient tombs in and around Ji Nancheng, the former capital of Chu, including 18 tombs of Chu kings. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang said that Jingzhou "occupied Han Mian in the north, benefited the South China Sea as much as possible, connected wuhui in the East, and connected Bashu in the West Many statesmen and militarists of Wei, Shu and Wu fought for wisdom and courage around Jingzhou, leaving numerous popular stories and many victories of the Three Kingdoms.
Since ancient times, Jingzhou has been known as "only Chu has talent". Qu Yuan, one of the four famous historical and cultural figures in the world, once worked here for more than 20 years. Qu Yuan is one of the four cultural celebrities in the world. He is also an outstanding writer in our country. He is also the first great patriotic poet and a great statesman, thinker, diplomat and reformer. Qu Yuan, whose name is Ping, has the original character, also known as regular. "Regular" means "flat", according to the law of heaven: "Lingjun" means "Yuan", according to the law of earth. During the Warring States period, Chu people, the hometown of Hanshou canggang. He was born on the 7th day of the first month of 340 B.C. and died on the 5th day of may in 278 B.C. at the age of 62. After Xiong Tong, the king of Wu of Chu, Qu Yuan was the first Dawang family in the state of Chu (Zhao, Qu and Jing). King Wu enfeoffed his second son "Xia" in Qu's place, which is today's Hanshou situation. "Xia" took "Qu" as his school name, and later became "Qu" surname. It has a history of more than 500 years from "flaw" to Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan's grandfather, Qu Yiji, was a Sima in the reign of Emperor Xuan, and "Mo Ao" in the reign of emperor Wei. He was a great general who shocked the princes. Qu Yuan's father, Qu Gai, whose name was Boyong, was a great general who commanded the most elite "Shenxi" division of Chu.
As a child, Qu Yuan entered gonghou Zidi school. He was intelligent, never forgetting, and studied hard day and night. He accumulated a lot of knowledge about literature, history, mythology and astronomy. In addition, his parents had strict education, so he was recognized as the best of the royal family,
When Qu Yuan was a young man, he was clear about governance and skillful in language. He was a descendant of King Wu, and King Huai valued him very much. When he was about 18 years old, he was elected to the royal family. When he was 20 years old, he was ordered to make his first mission to the state of Qi, which accomplished the important task of the six nation alliance. At about 22 years old, he was appointed as zuotu (Taifu, the Secretary General of the king), second only to Lingyin (Prime Minister), and held a great position. He "made a speech" with King Huai of Chu, that is, he swore to the alliance of heaven, and the monarch and his ministers will remain the same until they get old. He took part in the important decision-making of huaiwang's internal and foreign affairs. He actively advocated the rule of Ming Dynasty. Wang huaiwang was willing to adopt the idea of recommending talents, uniting Qi against Qin, unifying China, and realizing "American politics". However, the aristocratic group headed by Zheng Xiu, the empress of the south, envied Qu Yuan and opposed the reform. They tried their best to slander him and exiled him. At this time, Qu Yuan was about 30 years old.
After leaving Beijing, Qu Yuan was on his way to Jiangnan. When the Qin and Wei dynasties attacked Chu, King Huai thought of Qu Yuan and sent someone to retrieve him. King Huai ordered him to go out of Qi for the second time to unite with Qi to fight against Qin. With his own talent and eloquence, he convinced King Xuan of Qi at one stroke. However, Zhang Yi colluded with empress nanhou to slander Qu Yuan again. King Huai was furious and changed him to Sanlu doctor, who was in charge of the affairs related to the three surnames of the royal family, and was responsible for genealogy, sacrifice and education. Although his position was high, he could not meet the king. When King Huai went out of Qin to attend the appointment, Qu Yuan, with a haggard face, knelt down on the side of the road and cried. Instead, he was pushed to the ground by Jin Shang, a traitor, and drove away. As a result, King Huai was detained, imprisoned for three years, and died in the state of Qin. At that time, Qu Yuan was 42 years old.
When Qu Yuan heard that the coffin of King Huai had returned, he went to Beijing to help the coffin and wept bitterly. He advised King Xiang to break the friendship with Qin. King Xiang was moved but didn't go. Instead, he married the daughter of King Qin and accepted the thief as his father. Qu Yuan tried his best to see him, but met Zi Lan at the gate of the palace. He angrily scolded Zi Lan. The next day, Zilan tried his best to Qu Yuan to the king of Xiang. In a rage, the king of Xiang dismissed him as a doctor of Sanlu and exiled him to Jiangnan for a long time. He was more than 50 years old.
Qu Yuan left Yingdu and went down along the Yangtze River. He was full of grief, anger and sorrow, so he wrote Lisao. He wrote "evocation of soul" in his wandering, and set up a spirit throne to recite the poem to offer sacrifices to Huai Wang. After that, I went to Dongting and against the Yuan River and lived in the hometown of canggang in Hanshou for a long time. During this period, he walked around by the river and lake every day, chanting poems alone. He was yellow and thin and haggard. One day, I met a fisherman on the Bank of Canglang River and talked with each other, so I wrote fisherman. Later, when he left home and went to Xiangshui, the Qin army broke Yingdu. Hearing the news, he was more worried about the country and the people, and his heart was burning. He wrote the last poem Huaisha, which showed that he was determined to stick to his loyalty and unyielding. On May 5, he sank himself into the Guluo river. At the age of 62, the people in canggang, his hometown, immediately went to Guluo to collect the corpse when they heard that Qu Yuan had thrown himself into the river, and threw the wrapped rice dumplings into the river to prevent the fish dragon from injuring the corpse. Every year, it became the traditional custom of dragon boat race and zongzi.
In 1953, on the 5th day of the fifth lunar month, China carried out extensive activities to commemorate Qu Yuan. In September of the same year, the world peace council held a meeting to commemorate Qu Yuan and called on people all over the world to learn from him.
Qu Yuan created 25 songs of Chu, of which 23 were written in his hometown canggang. Lisao is a masterpiece of Chinese poetry. It is also a world-famous epic, translated into the language of many countries. In libraries of many countries, there are still pictures of Qu Yuan. Guofeng and Lisao are called "Fengsao", even poets are called "Poets". During the Anti Japanese period, May 5 was once designated as "poet's Day".
Although Qu Yuan has been away from us for 2283 years, his works are the spiritual wealth of people all over the world and have far-reaching historical significance. And great practical significance. We should not only remember him from generation to generation, but also widely publicize and seriously study him. We should learn from him the thought of persisting in striving, the moral character of being loyal and noble, the will to die rather than surrender and the great spirit of loving the country and the people.
Zhang Juzheng, the "outstanding Prime Minister" of the Ming Dynasty, was born in Jiangling, Huguang (now Hubei), also known as Zhang Jiangling. Ming Dynasty statesman, reformer. Jiajing 26th year (1547) Jinshi, from the editor to Shi Shushi, bachelor order Hanlin affairs. In the first year of Longqing (1567), he served as the left servant of the Ministry of officials and the Bachelor of Dongge. In Longqing period, he was the Minister of the Ministry of officials and the great scholar of Jianji hall. In the early years of Wanli, he conspired with the eunuch Feng Bao to get rid of the high arch and took the lead. At that time, when Shenzong was young, Juzheng presided over and ruled all military and political affairs. After 10 years in power, he implemented a series of reform measures and achieved certain results. He checked the land hidden by the landlords, carried out a whip law, changed the tax system, and improved the financial situation of the Ming government. He trained with famous generals such as Qi Jiguang and Li Chengliang to strengthen the northern border defense and straighten out the defense of the border towns. Pan Jixun was also in charge of the dredging of the Huanghuai river. He died in the 10th year of Wanli (1582) and was presented to the state of Shangzhu with a posthumous title of Wenzhong. Soon after his death, he was attacked by eunuch Zhang Cheng and old-fashioned bureaucrats, and his reputation was restored at the apocalypse. His works include the collection of Zhang Taiyue and the direct interpretation of the book. Sanyuan, a literary talent of "Gong'an School", and Cao Yu, Zou Difan, Ouyang Shan, are all from Jingzhou.
With the development of water and land transportation, the communication equipment in Jingzhou is becoming more and more perfect. There are 1569 trunk and branch roads, 4099.18 kilometers of the city's network mileage, 28 bus lines in the central city, and 138 kilometers of the operating line network. 207, 318 National Highway and Yihuang highway run through the whole territory. Jiaozhi and Jingsha railway pass through it. With the Yangtze River and Hanjiang River as the main channel, water transportation is convenient. It has program-controlled telephone, optical fiber communication, color TV telephone, digital microwave and other modern communication equipment, and is also supported by the post and telecommunications business of more than 150 countries and regions in the world.
荆州古城英语导游词5
Jingzhou Ancient City, located in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, is a historic site. It has four old city gates in the southeast and northwest and a new south gate. There are Xuanmiao temple, Guandi temple and tienu temple in the city. The ancient city of Jingzhou was built in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. It used to be the official ship wharf and the Zhu palace of the state of Chu. Later, it became the administrative office of Jiangling County, and the original city outline appeared. As one of the birthplaces of Chu culture, a large number of precious cultural relics have been unearthed around the ancient city of Jingzhou. Among the national treasures are the ancient corpses of the Western Han Dynasty, the silk of the Warring States period, and the sword of King Goujian of Yue. The ancient city of Jingzhou has a long history. It is not only praised by Liu Yuxi, Li Bai, Zhang Jiuling and others, but also remembered by Jingjiang Ma ya, Xueli Cangfeng and Yugao.
Jingzhou is located in the central and southern part of Hubei Province. People often say that the common saying "careless lost Jingzhou" comes from here. Jingzhou is one of the first batch of national famous historical and cultural cities announced by the State Council. It has many places of interest, among which the most famous is the ancient city of Jingzhou. It has four old city gates in southeast, northwest and a new south gate. There are Xuanmiao temple, Guandi temple and tienv temple in the city. In Jingzhou, many historic sites are related to the story of the Three Kingdoms. Ji'nan City, 5 kilometers to the north of the city, is the capital of Chu in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, and is well preserved. Jingzhou is located at 111 ° 150-114 ° 050 E and 29 ° 260-31 ° 370 n. Located in the central and southern part of Hubei Province, the hinterland of Jianghan Plain, the Yangtze River traverses the city from west to East, with a total length of 483 km. Jingzhou is adjacent to Wuhan in the East, Yichang in the west, Changde in Hunan in the south, Jingmen and Xiangfan in the north. The total area is 14100 square kilometers, 78.7% of which is plain Lake area and 21.1% is hilly and low mountain area. The city governs Jingzhou and Shashi districts and Jiangling, Gongan and Jianli counties, and manages Songzi, Shishou and Honghu. It has 119 townships, 18 sub district offices, 3398 Village (neighborhood) committees and 24835 villager groups.
Jingzhou Municipal government attaches great importance to the cultural relics protection and environmental improvement of Jingzhou city wall, and has raised a total of 130 million yuan for the demolition of about 300000 square meters of illegal buildings within the protection scope of Jingzhou city wall, the construction of inner and outer ring roads, the drainage of moats, sewage treatment and the improvement of surrounding environment. Since 2004, we have been working on the declaration of world cultural heritage. In 2005, Hubei provincial government officially submitted the "preliminary list of world cultural heritage" to the State Administration of cultural relics. In January 2007, the State Administration of cultural relics agreed to include the Jingzhou city wall and the four Ming and Qing city walls of Xi'an, Nanjing and Xingcheng in the "China world cultural heritage preliminary list".
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