关于语法may的用法解析
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关于语法may的用法解析
(1)“may”表达许可
例：You may have the cake now.(现在你可以吃蛋糕了。)
例：May I come in?(我可以进来吗?)
解说 表达“许可”无“may…”与“can…”的区别：
“may…”通常表达说话者的许可。
例：You may go home now. (=I allow you to go home now.)
(你现在可以回家。=现在我准你回家。)
例：May I borrow your towel?(我可以借用你的毛巾吗?)
No, you may not.(不行，你不可以借用我的毛巾。)
“can…”表达“许可”时用法比较随便。
例：You can go home now.
本句可作如下的两种解释：
1.你现在可以回家。——我准你回家。
2.你现在可以回家。——如老师要我转告你说“你现在可以回家”，或者如既然你已把工作做完了，按规定“你现在可以回家”等。
第2.的解释法并非说话者的“许可”。换言之，“can…”可以表达第三者的“许可”，或“客观条件的许可”。例如我们看到一个男生要走进女用洗手间，我们就可以对他说：
That’s a lady’s toilet. You can’t go in there.
像这种场合，假定你说“You may not go in there.”并不很通顺，也会被误为你是洗手间的管理员了。
请再注意下列两句意思的区别：
例：May I smoke here?
(我可以在此吸烟吗?——请示对方的“许可”。)
例：Can I smoke here?
(这里我可以吸烟吗?——询问对方这里是否禁止吸烟。)
(2)“may”表达可能性
S + may be…= maybe S + be…
S + may + V…= maybe S + (will)+V…
例：The news may be true.
=Maybe [Perhaps] the news is true.
(或许这消息是真的。)
例：She may come to your birthday party tomorrow.
=Maybe [Perhaps] she’ll come to your birthday party tomorrow.
(或许她明天会来参加你的生日宴会。)
解说 “may…”表达“可能性”时其意思等于“maybe”或“perhaps”，即“或许;也许”。“might…”也一样可用于表达现在或将来的可能性，只是语气较为宛转或对可能性觉得较为不确定。
He might have a hand in that case.
=Maybe [Perhaps] he has a hand in that case.
(或许他涉及那个案子。)
表达可能性的“may/might…”通常不用于疑问句。可能性的疑问通常都使用“Can…?”或者“Do you think…?”，例如：
This news may be true.
Can this news be true?
Do you think this news is true?
表达过去的可能性则使用“may/might have +p. p.”的句式，例如：He might have left for the United1 States.(他可能已到美国去了。)
(3)“may”表达目的
句型 S+V in order that +S+may+V…
S+V-(e)d in order that +S+might+V…
例：He studies hard (in order) to get passed in the exam.
=He studies hard (in order) that he may get passed in the exam.
(为了要考试及格他努力在用功。)
例：He sold his house (in order) to pay his debt2.
=He sold his house (in order) that he might pay his debt.
(为了要还债他把房子卖掉了。)
解说 如例所示表达目的时使用“to V…”比之使用“that +S+ may/might V…”较普通。“in order to V…/in order that +S+ may/might V…”是表达目的强调句式。
(4)“may”表达祈愿
句型 may you /he …+ V…
例：May you succeed.
=I hope [wish] you’ll succeed.
(祝你成功。)
例：May God3 save our country.
(愿上帝保佑我们的国家。)
(5)“May”的惯用表达句式
句型 may well +V…=there is good reason for +O +to V…
例：You may well say so.
=There is good reason for you to say so.
(你很有理由这么说。——难怪你这么说。)
句型 may/might as well +V…=had better +V…
例：We may [might] as well start at once.
=We had better start at once.
(我们最好立刻动身吧。)
解说 本句式常用于表达提议或劝告。
may的短语词组
1、may as well：还是....好
I think I may as well go in at once.
我想我还是马上进去吧。
2、may...but：或许…但是…
Some of them may, but Japan's image of masculinity is nonetheless changing.
有些人也许会，但日本的阳刚形象仍然是不断变化的。
may的例句
1、Bad manners may offend.
2、You may be disappointed.
3、Bacterial digestion may continue.
4、I may or may not be among these items.
5、This story may or may not be true.
6、He may arrive any instant.
7、It may be another fantasy.
8、This may not be possible.
9、It may supervene with infection.
10、This ambiguity may seem paradoxical.
11、It may be anger, it may be depression but it may also be fear and this is the third obstacle.
12、The entry point may or may not be connectivity; it may be a hybrid as described above.
13、We may have to force a showdown.
14、Your dietitian may suggest a nutritional supplement.
15、We may speak further of it hereafter.
16、But they may provide medicinal benefits.
17、The drug may cause permanent brain damage.
18、This question may discuss from the epistemology Angle, may also discuss from the historical materialism Angle.
19、There may or may not be actual executables as part of an LCO briefing.
20、An actor may be human or machine, and its identity may be anonymous or known.
21、On his return voyage he may, or may not, be drowned.
22、A careless word may cause conflict. A cruel word may destroy a life.
23、May the LORD be our judge and decide between us. May he consider my cause and uphold it; may he vindicate me by delivering me from your hand.
24、These conditions may lead the patient to believe that she may have PMS, when the underlying disorder may be some other problem.
25、The cost of harnessing the capabilities of your cloud may be based on a monthly subscription or it may be metered, or it may be ad-supported.
26、Notice of abandonment may be waived by the insurer.
27、Or they may artificially limit their use of the infrastructure.
28、But Ms Bachelet may have overestimated Chileans' appetite for change.
29、Expectant mothers may not do work connected with radioactive isotopes.
30、Sure, some may sound quirk, but they each are effective.
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