雅思写作技巧：用高级语法解决两大偏差
为了帮助大家备考雅思写作，提高写作水平，下面小编给大家带来雅思写作技巧：用高级语法解决两大偏差，希望大家喜欢!
雅思写作技巧：用高级语法解决两大偏差
偏差一：万能的写作模板，请赐给我战无不胜的力量!
在高级语法的课堂上我发现了一个非常有趣的现象。备考期间，许多烤鸭都会捧着一本雅思写作书，开始乐此不疲地背写作模板，而且经常是不明就里、囫囵吞枣地背。关于使用写作模板的利弊，笔者并不想在此进行探究，只想建议那些正在背写作模板的烤鸭们，一定要先分析模板的语法结构再行记忆。例如，TASK2首段引出作者观点时，有一个模板句型"I cannot oppose the opinion that+观点"可以套用。该句型用cannot 与oppose的双重否定加强语气，同时oppose与opinion都以"o"开头，再次起到强调作用。然而，疏于对模板语法结构的分析，许多烤鸭在背诵时只记得双重否定和相同词头"o"，却忽视了这句话本身是一个宾语从句，经常将此句误写成I cannot opposite the opinion that...造成谓语词性不当。还是引出观点，有一个双重否定句型"No one can deny the fact that+观点"也可套用。可学生们光顾着背句型，却不知道that之后引导的是一个同位语从句，故而在补充观点时经常出现句子成分残缺等语法错误。对于写作模板，笔者并不反对使用，但需要强调的是，既然选择使用，就一定用到位。将模版分解，确定每个句型内含的语法结构，才能避免依葫芦画瓢又画得四不像的尴尬境地。
偏差二：深奥的长难句，我语不惊人死不休!
以上说的是一些雅思小白们盲目背诵写作模板，忽视高级语法分析而造成的失误，这里笔者将要阐述部分语法大牛们可能出现的问题。为了让他们的文章能够夺人眼球，这些大牛们往往挖空心思使用各种语法结构，往文章里砸长难句。一句话由四五个小句构成，看着都让人冷汗直淌，更别说是理解文意了。而且，在考场的高压环境下，长难句越多，就越有可能出现语法错误，最后反而得不偿失。事实上，利用语法将文章"装饰"得impressive绝对可行，但并不是疯狂使用长难句，而是用语法丰富文章句型，进而让整篇文章看上去干练而轻巧。以《剑八》TEST1 TASK1考官给出的范文为例(《剑八》P.162)，短短150字的文章，光是数字列举，就运用了四种手法。第一种是直接用简单句进行列举，如A further 28% of global degradation is due to over-cultivation of crops. 第二种是用with独立主格结构进行补充说明，如These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having as much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation. 第三种是用现在分词作伴随状语进行补充说明，如Globally, 65% of degradation is caused by too much animal grazing and tree clearance, constituting 35% and 30% respectively. 第四种则直接在括号中注明，如North America had a lower proportion of degraded land at only 5%, and the main causes of this were over-cultivation (3.3%) and, to lesser extent, over-grazing (1.5%). 再比如雅思有一个经典作文题：Should capital punishment be a major deterrent to crime(死刑能震慑犯罪吗)? 许多烤鸭在写此文章时都会提到这样一个观点，事实证明社会关注应该放在罪犯改造上，而非罪犯惩戒上。仅表述前半句话，运用不同的语法知识，就能写出不同的句型。如主语从句，It is proved that emphasis should be placed on the reform of criminals. 宾语从句，Cases have shown that emphasis should be placed on the reform of criminals. 同位语从句，There is much evidence that emphasis should be placed on the reform of criminals. 强调句， It is the reform of criminals that emphasis should be placed on. 由此可见，熟练掌握语法知识，能够帮助烤鸭们灵活表达文章观点。句式多样，写作分数自然有所提高。
总之，准确使用语法是叩开雅思写作高分之门的关键。不仅仅是雅思，其它国外考试，如托福、GRE等也是如此。遗憾的是，现在各大培训机构的国外考试辅导，都是以听、说、读、写分板块进行，考生们很难接受系统的语法知识学习。对语法知识不够自信的同学，不妨尝试参加综合能力部综合能力拔高及语法单项的学习，在这里，老师们重视培养同学们的"语法应用能力"，并将语法与考试真题相结合，先明白了原理再来使用，指导学生们进行实战练习。Please remember grammar is basic to English.
雅思写作范文：大量空运水果蔬菜的利弊
Air transport is increasingly used to export types of fruits and vegetables to countries where those plants can’t grow or out of season. Some say it is a good thing, but others consider this use of air transport can’t be justified. Discuss both views and give your own opinion
Air transport is commonly used to move fruits and vegetables to places where those farm products can’t grow or are out of season. The benefits of such business are obvious, but air transport also creates a number of problems.
Transport of fruits and vegetables by air enables consumers to enjoy a wider variety of fresh and in-season farm products from all over the world. Not only is air transport good for consumers, it is also a blessing for farmers because the market is no longer restricted by regions. As a result, air transport increases the sale volume by selling more products in more places.
Moreover, air transport of food has now become a major resource of incomes for air companies. In the past, air companies’ business mainly came from serving passengers. However, facing an increasingly tough market, air companies need to expand their share of market to serve a wider range of customers in order to stay in the game and make a profit. With a booming economy and more money to spend, people create a great potential for food transport business and good margin for air companies.
In spite of such benefits, air transport is not free of problems. One major issue is high cost. Air transport is probably the most expensive way of transport. Higher costs entail high prices, which in turn deprive people with less money the opportunities to enjoy such privileges. So air transported food is now for the rich, a fact that is unfair for poor people.
In addition, it is not the best option to solve problems by transporting food from outside for places where certain kinds of fruits does not grow. The most optimal way, it seems to me, is that we should change the environment required by such plants using scientific and biological methods such as creating suitable soil and temperature. Such solutions will be proven to be ultimately cost-effective and fundamental.
More importantly, research indicates that air transport pollutes the environment. For example, Britain transports half its food by air. However one kilo New Zealand fruit emits five kilo warm house gas on its way to destination. Therefore, some environmental groups and books advocate people to distinguish local fruit and air-transported fruit in an effort to cut the pollution from food consumption.
In conclusion, air transport has many benefits for consumers and farmers, but it also has problems such as high cost and pollution. More effective and environmental friendly solution should be found to address such problems.
雅思写作范文：医院服务与病人的康复
[题目]You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Present a written argument or case to an educated non-specialist audience on the following topic.
A number of different medical traditions are now widely known and used: Western medicine (using drugs and surgery), herbal medicine, acupuncture (using needles at certain points of the body), homoeopathy (using minute doses of poisons), and so on. How important is the patient’s mental attitude towards his/her treatment in determining the effectiveness of the treatment?
You should write at least 250 words.
You should you your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.
[提示]
你可以按照下面的提纲写作：
Different medical traditions (a list of examples is given)
Patient’s mental attitude: the way the patient feels about the treatment
Effectiveness of the treatment: how much better does it make the patient?
在写作之前，请问自己以下的问题：
Do I think the patient’s attitude is important?
What examples can I give where the patient’s attitude was important, or irrelevant?
在文章中你必须：
Describe some of the different ways people feel about medical treatment (hopeful, hopeless, trusting, skeptical...).
Say if in your opinion the feelings affect the treatment or not.
Give examples to support your argument about why the treatments were effective or ineffective.
[范文](在阅读此范文之前你至少已经花了一些时间写作)
A wide range of medical treatments is available today. Patients may wonder which will be the most effective, and whether their own mental attitude to the type of treatment might affect its success. This essay will consider the second of these questions. - Topic words used. Task of essay explained.
Many people visit their doctor or go to hospital with complete trust in the expert care offered by conventional services. However, some people do not get a satisfactory result. For example, the drugs they are prescribed may have unpleasant side-effects. Their initial positive attitude towards their treatment does them little good. - Idea in both paragraphs: that people may not get what they expect; with examples.
Similarly, those patients who trustfully choose alternative treatments over traditional medicine may find themselves disillusioned. Less rigorous qualification standards among alternative practitioners may mean that some healers give ineffective or damaging advice. The result, again, is that a patient who entered treatment with confidence leaves that treatment disillusioned.
On the other hand, patients may try a style of treatment with some skepticism. A person used to conventional medicines and drugs may be suspicious of treatments based on diet and lifestyle changes. Yet if they follow such programs, they may in fact notice improvements in their conditions, in spite of their skepticism. Equally, a patient opposed to conventional medicine may have an accident and be saved by the effective treatment of conventional emergency services. - Idea: that something you don’t like can still help you.
In conclusion, it appears that the mental attitude of the patient is not the most significant factor in determining the outcome of the treatment. Patients who enter treatment confidently may leave disillusioned while those who begin treatment skeptical of the results may find themselves surprised with what they have gained. Patients should seek the advantages which each style of care can offer. - Main argument of essay is stated.
Remember: this sample answer is one of several satisfactory ways to answer the question. Other essays which respond to the writing task would also be acceptable.
Source: Prepare for IELTS, by Vanessa Todd & Penny Cameron, 1996, UTS, Australia. For non-profit educational use only.
雅思写作范文：控制小孩的犯罪天性
有些人认为犯罪是人的天性，而有些人认为我们可以在小孩小的时候停止他们的这种倾向，你有什么看法?
Crimes undermine human society. Reasons for committing a crime are varied and complex, so we could not say that violation of law is just human nature and that people’s tendency to break the law could be stopped when they are young.
We are still not sure what causes people to commit a crime. The reason seems to be clear in cases in which a thief steals money to make a living or buy things normally unaffordable. Many thieves, when caught and interviewed, reveal that they come from poor families and have very little education. Therefore we could establish a relation between less privileged family background and low level of education. Many people used to believe that parents could teach their children the harms of wrongdoing by showing them the consequences of such action and the obligation of complying with social norms. Such method works for most children who are aware of what they are doing and what would happen from their action. But we also learn from news or other sources that many high-level officials take bribes or abuse power for their own benefit. Such people with high income and good education clearly know what they are doing and the possible consequences. Such crimes would not have happened if tendency to commit crimes could be stopped when people were young.
Moreover, we know that people tend to act for their own benefit, but we do not know if this is due to human nature or other causes such as ideas learned later in life. If it is human nature, people live in faraway places without much education would commit crimes at a higher rate than people with schooling in cities. By contrast, people in remote places are more honest and kind, and the crime rate is significantly lower than that in city. From such evidence, we could not conclude that the above assertion is true.
While we continue to explore what causes crime and how to prevent it, we need to bear in mind that it is far more complex than we normally think. Accordingly, measures for crime prevention should also be multidimensional.
To sum up, the conclusion that it is human nature to commit crime and that people’s tendency to break the law could be stopped when they are young is not well supported. People become criminals for many reasons and we should adopt more effective methods for crime prevention.
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