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美国行业的最高荣誉又是什么

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  为了表彰每个行业里的最优秀的人,诞生了很多的奖项,这些奖项具有国际性、专业性和权威性,是各行各业从业者的向往。

  像我们熟知的奥斯卡的小金人代表着拥有了电影界的年度最高荣誉,格莱美的是世界音乐界至高奖项。其他行业也有属于自己的“奥斯卡和格莱美”。属于你行业的最高荣誉又是什么?下面是小编为您收集整理的美国行业的最高荣誉又是什么,供大家参考!

  美国行业的最高荣誉又是什么

  图灵奖

  Turing Award

  图灵奖(Turing Award)

  图灵奖由美国计算机协会于1966年设立,专门奖励那些对计算机事业作出重要贡献的个人。

  The Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery since 1966 to an individual selected for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to the computer field.

  图灵奖的名称取自计算机科学的先驱、英国科学家艾伦·麦席森·图灵。

  The award is named after Alan M. Turing, a British mathematician and computer scientist.

  由于图灵奖对获奖条件要求极高,评奖程序又是极严,一般每年只奖励一名计算机科学家,该奖项被认为是计算机科学中的最高荣誉。

  普利策新闻奖

  Pulitzer Prize

  普利策新闻奖 (Pulitzer Prize)

  该奖项于1917年根据美国报业巨头约瑟夫·普利策的遗愿设立。

  It was established in 1917 by funds in the will of Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher.

  普利策新闻奖是对美国报纸、杂志和在线新闻、文学和音乐创作成就的奖励。

  The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States.

  一个世纪以来,普利策奖一直是新闻业的标杆,与美国社会一同经历了战争硝烟、政治丑闻和错综复杂的社会问题,随着不断完善的评选制度,普利策奖被视为全球性的大奖。

  普利茨克建筑奖

  Pritzker Architecture Prize

  普利茨克建筑奖(Pritzker Architecture Prize)

  普利茨克建筑奖旨在表彰在建筑设计创作中展现出才智、洞察力和献身精神的建筑师,以及其通过建筑艺术为人类及人工环境方面所作出的杰出贡献。

  The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded to honor architects whose built work demonstrates a combination of talent, vision and commitment and produces significant contributions to humanity and environment.

  它于1979年由杰伊·普利兹克和妻子辛蒂发起,凯悦基金会所赞助。

  Founded in 1979 by Jay A. Pritzker and his wife, Cindy, the award is sponsored by the Hyatt Foundation.

  普利兹克建筑奖在许多程序上以及奖金方面都参照了诺贝尔奖,获奖者可以得到10万美元奖金和一个正式的获奖证书,自1987年开始还增加了一枚铜质奖章。

  iF 设计奖

  iF Design Award

  创立于1954年,该奖是由德国历史最悠久的工业设计机构汉诺威工业设计论坛每年定期授予的。

  The iF Design Award was introduced in 1954 and is annually conferred by the iF Industrie Forum Design.

  它以“独立、严谨、可靠”的评奖理念闻名于世,旨在提升大众对于设计的认知,其最具分量的金奖素有“产品设计界的奥斯卡奖”之称。

  红点奖

  Red Dot Design Award

  1955年,欧洲最富声望的著名设计协会在德国城市埃森设立的红点奖,为无数企业颁发了享有盛誉的设计大奖。

  The Red Dot Design Award is an international product design prize awarded by Design Zentrum Nordrhein Westfalen, the most prestigious European design association established in Essen, Germany in 1955.

  红点奖的发展几经演变,由最初的为商业、政治、文化和公众的设计论坛转变为设计行业的商业推广机构,并由发起人彼得·赛克教授(Peter Zec)于1992年正式定名为“红点奖”。

  红点奖被公认为国际性创意和设计的认可标志,获得该奖意味着产品外观及质感获得了最具权威的“品质保证”,同时,获奖作品还将得到最大范围的推广和认知。所以,赢得红点奖成为每位设计师引以为豪的殊荣。

  马克吐温竟然是个著名的“猫奴”

  一提起马克吐温(Mark Twain),喜欢文学的你们肯定不会陌生。

  马克吐温原名萨缪尔·兰亨·克莱门(Samuel Langhorne Clemens),是美国上世纪最著名的小说家、文学家,是美国现实主义文学学派的杰出代表人物。

  他的作品以幽默与讽刺为主,尤其擅长用夸张又符合逻辑的小说剧情,讽刺当时社会的种族歧视、阶级斗争以及奢靡浮躁之风。

  他的主要代表作品有《百万英镑》《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》等,几乎每部著作都带给一代代人无尽的思考与震撼。

  也许人们会觉得,能写出这样犀利讽刺的文章的作者,在现实中也很难相处;毕竟,他随随便便的一句话,就能把那些达官贵人怼得说不出话来:

  有一次,马克·吐温应邀赴宴。 席间,他称赞一位贵妇:“夫人,您真是太美丽了!”不料那妇人却说:“先生,可是遗憾得很,我不能用同样的话回答你。”

  马克·吐温笑着回答:“那没关系,你也可以像我一样说假话。”

  是不是回答地非常机智?

  不过,一直言辞犀利、针砭时弊的大文豪,也有自己柔软的一面——很多人都不知道,马克吐温平生最喜欢的就是猫。

  用今天的话来说,马克吐温先生根本就是一位彻彻底底的“猫奴”,或者说是一名尽职尽责的“铲屎官”!

  One thing perhaps lesser known about Twain is his enduring love for cats, whom he respected far more than people. "If man could be crossed with the cat," he once wrote, "it would improve man, but it would deteriorate the cat."

  关于马克·吐温,有一件事并不太为人所知,那就是他对猫咪们的无穷无尽的喜爱,他对猫的尊敬甚至远超过对人类的尊敬。“如果人和猫能够杂交,”他甚至这样写道,“那么这种结合能够改善人类的基因,但却会让猫的血统变坏。”

  He surrounded himself with up to 19 cats throughout various periods of his life, giving them imaginative names like Apollinaris, Beelzebub, Blatherskite, Buffalo Bill, Satan, Sin and Sour Mash.

  在马克·吐温人生中的不同时期里,养过多达19只猫,他给这些猫猫们起了很多极富想象力的名字,比如Apollinaris(阿波罗里斯,来源于一座山的名字,同时也是一款德国矿泉水的名字),Beelzebub(圣经中的恶魔;失乐园中的堕落天使), Blatherskite(爱说废话的人,吹牛大王),Buffalo Bill(水牛比尔),Satan(撒旦,魔鬼),Sin(罪恶),Sour Mash(酸麦芽浆)等等。

  Twain's feline affection translated over into his writing too, and cats make appearances in some of his best-known works. In The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, the story about a cat named Peter is actually a true story from Twain's childhood. There was even a book called Concerning Cats: Two Tales by Mark Twain, which came out long after his death in 1910. This book tells two stories about cats which he used to read to his daughters to help them fall asleep.

  吐温对猫的喜爱也体现在他的作品中,在他的一些知名著作里面,时常会出现猫的身影。比如在《汤姆索亚历险记》中,那只名叫彼得的猫的故事,实际上就来源于马克·吐温童年时代经历过的真实故事。他甚至写了一本名叫《关于猫:马克吐温的两个故事》,直到他1910年去世后过了很久才出版。在这本书里,他讲了两个关于猫的故事,他曾经当做睡前读物念给女儿们听,哄她们睡觉。

  It is said the Twain just couldn't live without his cats, so while he was on vacation he would ask around to see if he could 'rent' someone else's.

  据说,马克·吐温离开猫甚至就活不下去,所以当他出门度假时,他就会四处打听看看能不能“租”别人家的猫。

  According to an article in New England Today, the most famous cat-renting episode occurred in Dublin, New Hampshire, in 1906. Twain biographer Albert Bigelow Paine was there when the author rented three kittens for the summer. One he named Sackcloth. The other two were identical and went under the joint name of Ashes. "He didn't wish to own them, for then he would have to leave them behind uncared for," Paine explained, "so he preferred to rent them and pay sufficiently to ensure their subsequent care."

  根据《今日新英格兰》发布过的一篇文章,1906年马克·吐温最著名的租猫事件就发生在新罕布什尔州的都柏林。马克·吐温在那年的夏天租了三只小猫度假,正好写他的传记作家阿尔伯特·毕格罗·潘恩也住在那里。这三只猫中的其中一个被马克·吐温取名叫粗麻布。另外两个是完全一样的,用的是Ashes这个名字。潘恩解释说:“他(马克·吐温)并不想拥有这些猫,因为如果那样的话,他就不得不把它们留在无人看管的家里;所以他宁愿只是把它们租下来,并支付足够的费用,以确保它们能得到后续的照料。”

  Twain isn't the only literary giant with a fondness for cats, either. His fellow 19th and 20th-century American authors Ernest Hemingway, T.S. Eliot and Patricia Highsmith all shared his passion for all things feline. Maybe there is something about a literary sensibility that combines well with the quick-witted but gentle nature of the cat?

  其实,马克·吐温并不是唯一一个喜欢猫的文学巨匠。和他同处19世纪与20世纪的美国作家欧内斯特·海明威、托马斯·艾略特和帕特里夏·海史密斯都和他一样热爱着猫咪。也许是因为文学上的敏感与猫机敏而温柔的天性能很好地结合在一起?

  Smithsonian magazine says that Twain's greatest cat love was Bambino, a cat who had originally been owned by his daughter Clara. After Bambino went missing, Twain wrote an ad in a local newspaper offering a reward and the following artistically styled description: "Large and intensely black; thick, velvety fur; has a faint fringe of white hair across his chest; not easy to find in ordinary light."

  史密森杂志说,吐温最喜欢的猫是班比诺,这只猫原本是他的女儿克拉拉养的。所以,在这只猫失踪后,马克·吐温在当地一家报纸上写了一则寻猫启事,这样写道:“又大又黑;肥大,毛发柔软;胸前有一缕淡淡的白毛;在普通的光线下是不容易找到的。”

  We'll leave you with a quote from Twain's 1894 novel Pudd'nhead Wilson: "A home without a cat — and a well-fed, well-petted and properly revered cat — may be a perfect home, perhaps, but how can it prove title?"

  我们将引用马克·吐温1894年的小说《傻瓜威尔逊》中的一句话来结束今天的文章:“一个没有猫的家——没有一只吃得好、被爱抚得好、被人好好爱着的猫的家——也许是一个完美的家,但怎么能证明这是一个真正的家呢?”“

  Just purrfect!

  总之,毛茸茸茸茸…的猫猫们就是太完美啦!

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