托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解
常有托福考生在考完试后抱怨，独立写作又出了个莫名其妙的话题根本不知道怎么写。之所以会出现这种情况，考生自身的知识积累不足当然是一方面原因，但更主要的原因则是大家缺乏应对陌生话题的破题技巧。下面小编就通过实例来为考生讲解具体技巧思路。
托福独立写作冷门话题破题技巧实例讲解
题目：现代生活中制作食物更容易，人们的生活质量也因此提高。你是否同意这种观点?
破题思路分析：
1. 要与论题相匹配
论题问的既然是提高生活质量与否，一些无关紧要的改变就应该弃之不用，比如烹调时间缩短这一项改变，是事实，且未对生活质量有直接明显影响，就应该避免用作主要论点。
2. 要能言之有物
这是再功利不过的一条标准。比如我自己提到了食物准备时间缩短能让人性情改变，破题时觉得不无可能，真落笔时却不知道由何说起，如果选了这一条为一个主要论点，结果是我说了一句话就走人，那还不如选个能下笔，能展示语言功底，也能显示思维缜密的写作方向。
3. 选择的无论是2个还是3个论点，内在一定要有联系
这其实是整个立意阶段的重头。要立意，就是要明白自己表达的对象是什么，明确立场。然后站在这个立场上，挑选支持自己的论点。
如何整理行文思路?
托福写作破题结束后，第二要做的重要事项便是整理行文思路。破题过程其实是个发散思维的过程，而立意，则是要把思维收回来，组织化，理清它的脉络纹路，让他们按照自认为最有说服力的顺序排列好，准备落于纸上的过程。这个说服力的强弱，应该以什么标准判断呢-笔者认为，能说服读者的议论，在论点选择上应该遵循一个原则：三个(或者两个)论点不能在层面上有交叉，但要符合一条明线：支持全文观点。而最打动读者的论点选择，不仅遵循上面的原则，三个看似不交叉的论点间还有一条暗线贯穿一致。令全文浑然天成，回味无穷。
立意的地一步，按照上面的原则看，当然是先确定观点。以题目为例，笔者愿意选择否，食物易于准备降低了人们的生活质量。第一步踏出去了。
确定观点后，破题时得到的思维方向，明显不利于我的就应该排除。比如营养价值改变这一条，虽然速食文化的确对人体有害，但另一项速食：生疏和熟粗粮，就是向有益方向改变的，两者势均力敌，仅管是很容易想到，也很容易举例论证的论点，却不宜使用，因为如此贸然用了，有思维不缜密之嫌。然而，这毕竟是一块好啃的骨头，如果其他论点都不好论证，还可以回头捡起这一条来，隐去健康速食那个事实进行作文，当然，这依然是下下之选。
托福写作中的重点词汇内容
残忍的，野蛮的--ferocious bloodthirsty brutal cruel fierce vicious wild
atrocious
邪恶的，有害的，致命的—sinister, a sinister smile. diabolic corrupt forbidding可怕的, 令人难亲近的 pernicious
virulent
秘密的，偷偷的--cryptic含有隐义的; 晦涩难懂的; 神秘的 furtive, furtive movements偷偷摸摸的, 鬼鬼祟祟的, 秘密的 covert隐蔽的; 不公开的; 秘密的: covered hidden hideaway shelter , sneak
veiled s避难所--asylum haven home institution refuge shelter harbor
节约的--frugal
浪费的，挥霍的—prodigal(They are prodigal in their expenditures) extravagant lavish spendthrift wasteful squander
浪费时间，逗弄，嬉戏--dally dawdle delay lag linger loiter
祝福，感谢--benediction bless bliss blessing
欺骗，诈骗—deceive
hoodwink
逃避工作—v.malinger 装病(以逃避工作或责任)goldbrick逃避勤务的士兵 relinquish 放弃
揭密，泄漏--uncover disclose expose open reveal unmask
掠夺，抢劫--loot predate rob pillage plunder sack spoil despoil burglarize
angle
诽谤，中伤--aspersion slander derogate calumniate libel discredit denigrate
赞扬--extol compliment glorify laud praise commend acclaim eulogize eucomium
颂词，表扬--laud eulogy ode hymn
反对，不赞成--demur deprecate dissent dissident
否认，拒绝，驳斥-- contradict dispute refute renounce naysay reject
repudiate gainsay
哀悼，后悔，哀叹--deplore bemoan regret lament dirge bewail repent
驱逐，出境--deport banish expel expatriate evict exile oust exclude
ostracism
居住--dwell abide reside inhabit occupy
夸张，吹牛--vaunt exaggerate bombast overstate full-blown overdo magnify
amplify
夸张的--stilted lofty
活泼的--vivacious active animated brisk dynamic energetic exuberant gay
lively
恶作剧的，顽皮的--prankish naughty impish elfish devilish mischievous puckish
笨拙的，麻烦的--cumbersome bulky burdensome clumsy troublesome unmanageable
bothersome gauche antic awkward ham-handed
暴乱，骚动--agitation bother commotion fret stir riot squall
大风暴--tempest violence storm
大混乱，大灾难--havoc calamity catastrophe misfortune disaster mishap tragedy
巨大的，惊人的--prodigious colossal enormous extraordinary gigantic huge
immense mammoth vast tremendous
例外的，奇特的，罕见的--exceptional remarkable stupendous
奇妙的，不可思议的--miraculous wonderful marvelous
大胆的，莽撞的--audacious bold brave daring gallant heroic valiant prowess
多产的，丰富的，繁茂的--prolific fecund fertile fruitful productive
munificent prosperous affluent flourish opulent well-off plentiful abundant
贫瘠的，不孕的，不毛之地--barren sterile
贫困的，贫乏的，没钱的--indigent penurious penury impecunious improvished
needy down-and -out penniless wretched destitute bankrupt
手铐，束缚--shackle handcuff manacle chain bind fetter
神秘的--mysterious esoteric occult
取消，撤销，废除--resciss repeal nullify abolish quash withdraw abrogate
abolish annul cancel invalidate recall rescind revoke nullify retract
overrule
使衰弱，使衰老--enfeeble enervate debilitate weaken vitiate
虚弱的，衰老的--feckless flaccid flagging languid effete
耻辱，污名--tarnish stain slur disgrace brand blemish stigma discredit
humiliation
持久的--everlasting perpetual permanent endurable abiding eternal
短暂的 --momentary temporary transient ephemeral evanescent provisional
谨慎的，警觉的--wary chary vigilant discreet considerate cautious prudent
careful circumspect
责备，指责，咒骂--accuse blame censure charge denounce impugn impeach indict
execrate condemn criticize reproach reprove disapprove upbraid vituperate
reprove injure reprehend rebuke inveigh diatribe abuse lambaste obloquy
invective
免责，确定无罪--exempt exonerate exculpate invulnerable absolve
妨碍，阻挠--filibuster encumber impede hamper hinder stymie curb obstruct
restrain retard hamper thwart foil clog check occlude
挑剔的--meticulous nitpick finicky finical exacting censoring fussy
fastidious choosy critical particular selective pernickety prissy
punctilious prudish
苛责，吹毛求疵的--carp cavil pick criticize quibble
镇压--quell appease extinguish hush lull mollify pacify quiet smother
stifle subdue suppress squelsh foil slake quench
刺激--rouse arouse awaken excite foment anger inflame kindle move pique
provoke disquiet incense whet stimulate stir instigate galvanize vex rile
roil annoy aggravate disturb irritate
放纵--indulge coddle pamper pander-to mollycoddle humor cater dote-on
sybarite voluptuary wanton spoil
笨蛋，傻瓜--dolt numskull dunce blockhead lout idiocy idiot cretin half-wit
fool dullard imbecile moron simpleton prat oaf slouch dull-head
愚蠢--idiocy stupidity absurdity madness lunacy folly
愚蠢的--crass doltish oafish imbecilic moronic fatuous vacuous
伪造，掺假--adulterate forge counterfeit falsify bogus
真正的，纯种的--genuine authentic
真实的，坦诚的，诚实的--candid candor frank fair genuine open pure
trustworthy trustful veracious virtuous
新手，生手--apprentice neophyte novice typo greenhorn freshman uninitiated
verdant
预言，预知，预告--presage predict forecast foresee foretell portend portent
prophesy anticipate omen divine soothsay augur forebode presentiment
犹豫，停滞--balk boggle scruple demur falter flounder pause vacillate waver
hesitate
消除，除去--efface erase obliterate raze eliminate exterminate
闲扯，瞎说--drivel prate babble chat chatter gossip blab prattle babble
gabble jabber
温顺的，驯服的--tame obedient meek gentle docile tame bonhomie
效忠，尊敬--homage adoration deference esteem honor respect reverence
veneration
忠诚--fidelity allegiance attachment devotion faith fealty loyalty
精确，准确--accuracy exactness exactitude precision
简洁的--concise terse curt brief succinct compendious condensed compressed
laconic
大纲，摘要--précis compendium compendia abstract summary synopsis
扼要，说明--recapitulate summarize outline
民意测验，民意调查--gall-up pollster
使成僵局，僵局--stalemate deadlock
粗略的，大概的,粗糙的--schematic cursory coarse crude rough vulgar churlish
husky
吸引人的--intriguing alluring appealing attractive bewitching captivate
charming enchanting enticing fascinating interesting inviting tantalizing
tempting thrilling winning ingratiating
优势，主权，权势--clout ascendance ascendancy authority preponderance
majority
荒谬的，愚蠢的，可笑的--preposterous absurd silly ridiculous senseless
nonsensical
合理的--logical national reasonable sound
一致的，相等的，同样的--congruent tantamount commensurate
和睦，一致--concord harmony agreement rapport conformity
分配，给予，分发--allocate allot apportion assign distribute divide
相称的，合适的，应得的--condign becoming fitting proper suitable appropriate
微不足道的--trivial frivolous measly paltry superficial trifling worthless
托福写作高分中的修辞内容
巧用修辞
1. 排比对称结构
Despite all the evidence, experts continue to debate weather global warming exists, how extensive the problem is, what the likely effects will be and whether any remedy is possible.
Despite all the evidence, experts continue to debate the existence of global warming, the extent of the problem, its likely effects and any possible remedy.
2. 比喻
(1)明喻：比喻词出现：as, like, as if…
In many ways, no doubt, our world grows more and more complex, sputniks cannot be simple; yet how many of our complexities remain futile, how many of our artificialities false. Simplicity too can be subtle-as the straight lines of a Greek temple, like the Parthenon at Athens, are delicately curved in order to look straighter still.
(2)暗喻：比喻词不出现。
America has given the Negro people a bad check, which has come back marked insufficient funds.
3. 对照：加深印象
Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice; moderation is the pursuit of justice is no virtue.
4. 类比
The Negro has a callus growing on his soul and it is getting harder and harder to hurt him here. That is a simple law of nature. Like a callus on the foot in a shoe that is too tight. The foot is nature’s and that shoe was put on by man. The tight shoe will pinch your foot and make you holler and scream. But sooner or later, if you do not take the shoe off, a callus will form on the foot and begin to wear out the shoe.
It is the same with the Negro in America. That shoe-the white man’s system—has pinched and rubbed and squeezed his soul until it has almost destroyed him. But it did not. And how a callus has formed on his soul, and unless that system is adjusted to fit him, too, that callus is going to wear our that system.
5. 拟人
Dawn was beginning to prowl about the sky and put out the starts.
6. 夸张
For she was beautiful—her beauty made the bright world dim, and everything beside seemed like the fleeting image of a shade.
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