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小学英语语法大全及练习

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  小学英语语法对于即将参加升中考的小学生们来说,是一个非常重要的知识,那么小学生们需要复习的小学英语语法有那哪些呢?下面由学习啦小编为大家整理的小学英语语法大全及练习,希望大家喜欢!

  小学英语语法大全及练习

  一、名词复数规则

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

  2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

  4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________

  二、一般现在时

  一般现在时基本用法介绍

  【No. 1】一般现在时的功能

  1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

  2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

  3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

  2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如: We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

  一般现在时的变化

  1. be动词的变化。 否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。 如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

  一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。

  否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如: I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如: He doesn't often play.

  一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如: - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

  当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

  特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work? 动词+s的变化规则

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

  2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

  一般现在时用法专练

  : 一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

  二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

  1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

  2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

  3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

  4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

  6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

  7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

  8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

  9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

  10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

  . 三、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________

  2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________

  3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) _______________________________________________________ ____________________________

  4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________________

  5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________

  五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)

  1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

  2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

  3. He likes play games after class. __________________

  4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

  5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

  三、现在进行时

  1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

  2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

  3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

  4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

  5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?

  但疑问词当主语时其结构为: 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing? 动词加ing的变化规则

  1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

  2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

  3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

  现在进行时专项练习:

  一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

  二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:

  1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

  2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

  4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

  5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

  6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

  7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

  8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

  9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

  10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

  三、句型转换:

  ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday?

  动词过去式变化规则:

  1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

  2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

  3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

  4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied

  过去时练习

  写出下列动词的过去式 is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

  Be动词的过去时练习(1)

  一、 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now.

  2. He ________ at the camp last week.

  3. We ________ students two years ago.

  4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

  5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

  6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

  7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

  8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

  二、 句型转换

  1. It was exciting. 否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  2. All the students were very excited.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  3. They were in his pocket.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________ Be动词的过去时练习(2)

  一、用be动词的适当形式填空

  1. I ______ an English teacher now.

  2. She _______ happy yesterday.

  3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

  4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

  5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.

  6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

  7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..

  8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

  二、句型转换

  1. There was a car in front of the house just now.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  三、 中译英

  1.我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________

  2.他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________

  3.一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________

  行为动词的过去时练习(1)

  一、用行为动词的适当形式填空

  1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

  2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

  3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.

  4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

  5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

  6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

  7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

  8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.

  二、句型转换 1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  2. Nancy went to school early.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  3. We sang some English songs.

  否定句:________________________________________________

  一般疑问句:____________________________________________

  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________

  行为动词的过去时练习(2)

  Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

  一、 用动词的适当形式填空

  1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.

  Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.

  2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.

  3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)

  4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do) 5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.

  6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)

  7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water) 8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.

  9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.

  10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)

  二、中译英

  1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________

  2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________

  3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗?不,没有。 _________________________________________________________

  小学英语语法易错点汇总

  【第一类】名词类

  1. 这些女老师们在干什么?

  [误] What are the woman teachers doing?

  [正] What are the women teachers doing?

  [析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单数)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.

  2. 房间里有多少人?

  [误] How many peoples are there in the room?

  [正] How many people are there in the room?

  [析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

  3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

  [误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

  [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

  [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

  【第二类】动词类

  4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?

  [误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

  [正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

  [析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

  5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。

  [误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.

  [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

  [析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。

  6. 这双鞋是红色的。

  [误] This pair of shoes are red.

  [正] This pair of shoes is red.

  [析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

  【第三类】代词类

  7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。

  [误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

  [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

  [析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

  8. 吴老师教我们英语。

  [误] Miss Wu teaches our English.

  [正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

  [析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

  【第四类】介词类

  9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?

  [误] Can you find the answer of this question?

  [正] Can you find the answer to this question?

  [析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

  10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。

  [误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

  [正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

  [析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.

  11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。

  [误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

  [析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。

  【第五类】副词类

  12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?

  [误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?

  [正] Lily, why don’t you go home?

  [析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

  【第六类】连词类

  13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。

  [误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.

  [正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.

  [析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。

  【第七类】冠词类

  [误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

  [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

  [析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;

  2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;

  3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

  【第八类】句法类

  15. ――你不是学生吗? ――不,我是学生。

  [误] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No, I am.

  [正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes, I am.

  [析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

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