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外贸代理制度的主要内容是什么

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  外贸代理制度,是指具有进出口经营权的受托人应委托人的委托,代理委托人办理涉外经济贸易合同的订立及履行事宜,并收取一定手续费,而因 交易所产生的盈亏由委托人承担的制度。你对外贸代理制度有多少了解?下面由学习啦小编为你详细介绍外贸代理制度的相关法律知识

  外贸代理制度的主要内容

  1、外贸代理制

  外贸代理制是指由外贸公司充当国内客户和供货部门的代理人,代理委托方签订进出口合同,收取一定的佣金或手续费的做法。外贸企业需要承担相应的责任,而价格和其他合同条款的最终决定权属于委托方,进出口盈亏和履约责任最终由委托方承担。外贸代理制作为社会分工的产物,对开拓国际市场具有重大的作用,经过多年的发展和完善,已经成为现代国际贸易中一种重要的贸易方式。

  2、中国外贸代理制的概念简介

  所谓外贸代理,就是由中国的外贸公司充当国内客户和供货部门的代理人,代其签订进出口合同,收取一定的佣金或手续费的做法。过去长期以来,中国外贸公司在出口方面一直是采取收购制,即由外贸公司用自有资金向国内供货部门收购出口商品,然后由外贸公司以自己的名义自营出口,自负盈亏。

  推行外贸代理制的主要目的之一就是要改变过去的传统做法,即改为由外贸公司接受国内供货部门的委托,代其对外签订出口合同,代办出口手续,收取约定的佣金,至于出口的盈亏则由国内供货部门自负。

  这项改革的主要好处在于:它有利于国内供货部门了解国际市场对产品的要求,促使他们提高出口产品的质量;增强其竞争能力和出口创汇能力;增强国内生产供货部门对履行出口合同的责任感,促使其改善经营管理,提高经济效益;同时还可以减轻外贸公司在收购出口货源方面的财务负担,并使外贸公司的经营方式更加灵活多样。对于工贸双方都十分有利。

  3、相关法规

  中国《民法通则》第63条规定:“公民、法人可以通过代理人实施民事法律行为。代理人在代理权限内,以被代理人的名义实施民事法律行为,被代理人对代理人的代理行为承担民事责任。”

  4、各国法规

  对于代理的概念,大陆法系各国一般都规定得比较窄。《德国民法典》第164条第1款规定:“代理人于代理权限内,以被代理人名义所为的意思表示,直接为被代理人和对被代理人发生效力。”

  《法国民法典》第1984条规定:“委托或代理,为一方授权他方以委托人的名义为委托人处理事务的行为。”

  大陆法系各国为了拓宽代理的适用范围还规定,只有当被代理人经过两道合同手续才能与第三人发生法律关系,第一个是代理人与第三人订立的合同,第二个是代理人把有关权利转让于被代理人的合同。英美法系中代理概念的含义则较为完整并具有整体化的特征。

  英国法学家认为“当一人(代理人)根据委托人(被代理人)授权而与第三人订立合同时,该代理人与委托人之间发生的法律关系称为代理。代理人所订立的合同对委托人和该第三人发生效力。”

  显然这个概念表述的代理既包括显名代理、隐名代理即所谓代理人在同第三人订立合同时表明他是代理人,但没有指出他为之代理的被代理人的姓名的代理),也包括未经披露被代理人身份的代理,并且即使是在未经披露被代理人身份的代理关系中,三方当事人之间的关系也表现为一个有机联系的整体。

  相比之下,中国《民法通则》第63条规定的代理的概念却显得过于狭窄,即代理必须以被代理人的名义,而且只将代理理解为代理人的行为。从法理上来看,代理不仅指代理行为,也指代理法律制度,更重要的是指代理法律关系。

  据此有的学者提出,“代理是发生在被代理人、代理人及第三人之间的民事法律关系,代理人依代理权与第三人进行民事活动,其权利义务直接由被代理人承担,但行纪关系不包括在代理概念之中。”这一概念拓宽了中国代理概念的范畴,表明中国的代理不仅应包括显名代理,也应包括隐名代理,并将行纪作为一种独立的民事法律关系。

  相关阅读:

  外贸代理合同范本

  编号:No:      日期:Date:

  本协议双方为了发展贸易,在平等互利的基础上,按下列条件签定本协议。

  This agreement is entered into between the parties concerned on the basis of equality and mutual benefit to develop business on terms and conditions mutually agreed upon as follows:

  1 订约人:

  Contracting Parties:

  供货人:

  Supplier: ( hereinafter called " Party A ")

  销售代理人:

  Agent:( hereinafter called " Party B ")

  甲方委托乙方为销售代理人,推销下列商品。

  Party A hereby appoints party B to act as his selling agent to sell the commodity mentioned below.

  2 商品及数量或金额

  Commodity and Quantity or amount

  双方约定,乙方在协议有效期内,承销不少于_____的上述商品。

  It is mutually agreed that Party B shall undertake to sell not less than _____ of the aforesaid commodity in the duration of this Agreement.

  3 经销地区 只限在_____销售。

  Territory In_____only.

  4 定单的确认

  关于协议所规定的上述商品的每笔交易,其数量、价格及装运条件等须经甲方确认,并签定销售确认书,对交易做具体规定。

  Confirmation of orders

  The quantities, prices and shipment of the commodities stated in this Agreement shall be confirmed foreach transaction, the particulars of which are to be specified in the Sales Confirmation signed by the two parties hereto.

  5 付款

  订单确认后,乙方须按照有关确认书所规定的时间开立以甲方为受益人的保兑的、不可撤消的即期信用证。乙方开出信用证后,应立即通知甲方,以便甲方准备交货。

  Payment

  After confirmation of the order, Party B shall arrange to open a confirmed, irrevocable L/C a vailable by draft at sight in favour of Party A within the time stipulated in the relevant S/C. Party B shall also notify Pary A immediately after L/C is opened, so that Party A can get prepared for delivery.

  6 佣金

  在本协议期满时,乙方完成了第二款所规定的数额,甲方当按装运货物所受到的全部发票金额付给乙方_____%的佣金。

  Commission

  Upon the expiration of the Agreement and Party B's fullfilment of the total turnover mentioned in Article 2, Party A shall pay to Party B_____% commission on the basis of the aggregate amount of the invoice valuealready paid by Party B of the shipments effected.

  7 市场情况报告

  乙方每三个月向甲方提供一次有关当时市场情况和用户意见的详细报告。同时,乙方应随时向甲方提供其它供应商所给的类似商品的样品及其价格、销售情况和广告资料。

  Reports on Market Conditions

  Party B shall forward once every three months to Party A detailed reports on current market conditions and of consumers comments. Meanwhile, Party B shall, from time to time, send to Party A samples of similiar commodities offered by other suppliers, together with their prices, sales informaiton and advertising materials.

  8 宣传广告费用

  在本协议有效期内,乙方在上述经销地区内所作广告宣传的一切费用,由乙方自理。乙方须事先向甲方提供宣传广告的图案及文字说明,由甲方审阅同意。

  Advertising & Publicity Expenses

  Party B shall bear all expenses for advertising and publicity within the aforementioned territory in the duration of this Agreement and submit to Party A all patterns and / or drawings and description for prior approval.

  9 协议有效期

  本协议由双方签字后生效,有效期_____年,自_____至_____。若一方希望延长本协议,则须在本协议期满前一个月书面通知另一方,经双方协商决定。

  若协议一方未履行协议条款,另一方有权终止协议。

  Validity of Agreement

  This agreement, after its being signed by the parties concerned shall remain of in force for_____as from _____ to _____ If either party wish to extend this Agreement, he shall notice, in writing, the other party one month prior to its expiration, the matter shall be decided by consent of the parties hereto.

  Should enther party fail to implement the terms and conditions herein, the other party is entitled to terminate the Agreement.

  10 仲裁

  在履行协议过程中,如产生争议,双方应友好协商解决。若通过友好协商未能达成协议,则提交中国国际贸易促进委员会对外贸易仲裁委员会,根据该会仲裁程序暂行规定进行仲裁。该委员会决定是终局的,对双方均有约束力。仲裁费用,除另有规定外,由败诉一方负担。

  Arbitration

  All disputes arising from the execution of this agreement shall be settled through friendly consultations. In case no settlement can be reached, the case in dispute shall then be submitted to the Foreign Trad Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for Arbitration in accordance with its Provisional Rules of Procedure. The decesion made by this commission shall be regarded as final and binding upon both parties. Arbitration fees shall be borne by the losing party, unless otherwise awarded.

  11 其它条款

  (1) 甲方不得向经销地区其它买主供应本协议所规定的商品,如有询价,当转给乙方洽办。若有买主希望从甲方直接订购,甲方可以供货,但甲方须将有关销售确认书副本寄给乙方,并按所达成交易的发票金额给乙方_____%的佣金。

  (2) 若乙方在_____月内未能向甲方提供至少_____的订货,甲方不承担本协议的义务。

  (3) 对双方政府间的贸易,甲方有权按其政府的授权进行有关的直接贸易,而不受本协议的约束。乙方不得干涉此种直接贸易,也无权向甲方提出任何补偿或佣金要求。

  (4) 本协议受签约双方所签定的销售确认条款的制约。

  11 Other Terms&Conditions

  (1) Party A shall not supply the contracted commodity to any other buyers in the above mentioned territory. Direct enquiries, if any , will be referred to Party B. Howerver, should any other buyers wish to deal with Party A directly, Party A may do so, But Party A shall send to Party B a copy of sales confirmaiton and give party B_____% commission(s) concluded.

  (2) Should Party B fail to pass on his orders to Party A in a period of _____ months for a minimum of _____, Party A shall not bind himself to this Agreement.

  (3) For any business transacted between governments of both Parties, Party A may handle such direct dealings as authorized by Party A's government without binding himself to this Agreement. Party B shall not interfere in such direct dealings, nor shall Party B bring forward any demand for compensation therefrom.

  (4) This Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions in the Sales Confirmation signed by both parties hereto.

  本协议于_____年___月___日在_____签定,正本两份,甲乙双方各执一份。

  This Agreement is signed on___/___/_____at_____and is in two originals, each party holds one.

  甲方: Party A:              乙方:Party B:

  签字: Signature:             签字:Signature:

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