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英语四级作文必备知识:平行结构

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  相似的思想应用相似的形式表达出来。句子的成份相近,则也应以相似的形式出现。下面是学习啦小编整理的英语四级作文必备知识:平行结构,以供大家学习参考。请注意以下标有"NO"的句子是不规范的。

  No: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, then comes to a stop.

  Yes: The school bus skidded, turned sideways, and came to a stop.

  (并列时态)

  No: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and a bore.

  Yes: I don’t know why I married someone who is miserly, sloppy and boring.

  (形容词平行结构)

  No: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and elephant.

  Yes: In the wreck the circus lost a panda and an elephant.

  (不定冠词的平行结构)

  No: I debated whether I should give the beggar money or to offer him food.

  Yes: I debated whether to give the beggar money or to offer him food.

  (不定式的平行结构)

  No: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes days.

  Yes: They would lie on the battlefield for hours and sometimes for days.

  (介词平行结构)

  No: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and dust filled the air.

  Yes: Michael’s vacuum cleaner squealed loudly, shook violently, and filled the air with dust.

  (并列谓语)

  No: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and the tools that he was going to use.

  Yes: The mechanic explained the problem, method, and tools that he was going to use.

  (并列带有定冠词"the"的名词)

  No: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and his employees loved him.

  Yes: He retired respected by his associates, admired by his friends, and loved by his employees.

  (并列被动语态)

  No: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, fighting in the Anti-Japanese War, and following the Nationalist Party to Chongking.

  Yes: As a young man he had been to Shanghai, had fought in the Anti-Japanese War and had followed the Nationalist Party to Chongking.

  (并列过去完成时)

  No: Jane is pretty, with brown hair, and has a graceful manner.

  Yes: Jane is pretty, brown-haired, and graceful.

  (形容词平行结构)

  No: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and because his health deteriorated rapidly.

  Yes: He left the city because of his lack of success in business, the departure of his friends and his rapidly failing health.

  (作宾语的名词平行结构)

  No: They bought the house for location and affordability.

  Yes: They bought the house because of its location and its affordability.

  (并列名词;注意代词的所有格)

  No: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and as if he was unimportant?

  Yes: Why did you make Xiao Zhang feel useless and unimportant?

  (形容词的平行结构)

  No: This could be a problem for both the winners and for those who lose.

  Yes: This could be a problem for both the winners and losers.

  (名词平行结构)

  No: The prisoner was not only found guilty of bribery but also adultery.

  Yes: The prisoner was found guilty not only of bribery but also of adultery.

  (并列介词短语)

  为使平行结构清楚明了,随时都可以重复介词、冠词、助动词、不定词标志,或者长的短语或句子的介绍词。

  Awkward: I admire Tennyson for the ideals in his poems but not his style.

  Improved: I admire Tennyson for the ideals in his poems but not for his style.

  Awkward: The sentences are difficult to understand, not because they are long but they are obscure.

  Improved: The sentences are difficult to understand, not because they are long but because they are obscure.

  Awkward: He explained that the advertising campaign had been successful, business had increased more than forty per cent, and additional capital was sorely needed.

  Improved: He explained that the advertising campaign had been successful, that business had increased more than forty per cent, and that additional capital was sorely needed.

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