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英语中助动词should, would的用法

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  助动词:辅助其他动词构成时态、语态、疑问句式、否定名式的动词。助动词有些词义,有些没有词义,或者暗含一点词义。放在谓语首位置助动词会受主语人称、数的限制,其他位置不会受限制。

  should, would用来表示过去将来时态,should用于第一人称,would用于第二、三人称(在美国也可用于第一人称):

  I said I should turn in the exercise book the next day.

  我说我将在第二天交作业本。

  He asked whether they would come back that evening.

  他问他们是否当天晚上回来。

  should和would常用于虚拟语气中:

  If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

  如果明天下雨,我会待在家里。

  If he should come back, we would welcome him.

  要是他回来,我们会欢迎他。

  Put on your raincoat in case it should rain.

  穿上雨衣,以防下雨。

  should表示惊讶和“应该”:

  It surprised us that he should have failed in the test.

  他竟然测试没过关,我们感到很惊讶。

  Why should he have made such a big mistake?

  他怎么会犯这么大的错误呢?

  You should have informed me two days in advance.

  你们应该提前两天通知我。

  We should learn from and help each other.

  我们应该互相学习,互相帮助。

  would常用于委婉、客气地提建议、请求:

  Would you help me serve tea?

  你帮我上荼好吗?

  What would you like to eat?

  你想吃点什么呢?

  I’d like some vanilla ice-cream.

  我想要些香草冰淇淋。

  would同will一样常用于表示习惯或者倾向:

  When she was free, she would go shopping.

  她有空时就会逛商店。

  When asked a very simple question, he would laugh it off.

  当有人问他一个很简单的问题时,他会一笑了之。


  本文作者:丹丹英语(公众号:英语语法学习)

  本文已获转载授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习”。

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