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高中英语关于名词的考点分析(2)

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  高中英语的形容词的考点

  1常见考法

  1.形容词的辨析;

  2.复合形容词的构成;

  3.形容词的句法功能;

  4.多个形容词定语的排序;

  5.形容词的比较等级。

  形容词和副词

  1.“as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。

  It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

  人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。

  2.“as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。

  The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.

  这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。

  3.“the+比较级+of the two +名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。

  The taller of the two boys is my brother.

  两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。

  4.a+形容词比较级+n.……

  After two years’ research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.

  研究两年之后,现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。

  We went to the USA in search of a better life.

  为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。

  5.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。

  The students study even harder than before.

  学生们学习比以前更努力了。

  A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.

  汽车比自行车跑得快得多。

  6.最高级

  (1)最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。

  The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.

  目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。

  I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.

  我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。

  (2)否定词+比较级=最高级。

  There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.

  为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。

  —Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?

  ——你对他在会议上说的满意吗?

  —No.It couldn’t have been worse.

  ——不,不能再差了。

  7.表示倍数的句型:

  (1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B

  (2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B

  (3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B

  (4)A is+倍数+that+of+B

  (5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句

  ①This building is three times higher than that one.

  This building is three times as high as that one.

  This building is three times the height of that one.

  这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。

  ②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.

  =The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.

  今年的产量是2008年的三倍。

  ③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.

  自从新技术被引进以后,这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

  8、形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。

  1)性质形容词有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot

  2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid,

  afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake, well,unwell,ill,faint等。

  3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:something nice

  9、以-ly结尾的形容词

  1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。

  2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。

  daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early

  The Times is a daily paper.

  The Times is published daily.

  10、用形容词表示类别和整体

  1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。

  The poor are losing hope.

  2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。

  the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.

  The English have wonderful sense of humor.

  多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

  11、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

  限定词+数量词(序前基后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料

  those + three + beautiful + large + square+ old + brown + wood + table s

  2误区提醒

  1.形近、意近词的混用 2. 形容词的句法功能用错 3.复合形容词的构成不熟悉4.多个形容词作定语时排序不清 5.形容词的比较等级用错

  【典型例题】:

  1) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.

  A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone

  C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

  解析:错选B。 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。正确答案A.

  2)It’s a relief for us to know that something _____ is being done to rebuild the schools destroyed in the quake.

  A. competitive B. passive C. sensitive D. positive

  解析:因形近形容词分辨不清而错选其他。根据题意,本句话表达“我们了解到,为了重建在地震中被破坏的学校,正在采取一些积极的措施”。空处应填“积极的”,正确答案为D。

  3)--- Our women athletes achieved great success in the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games.

  --- Yes. No one could have a_____ performance,I think.

  A.well B. better C. best D. the best

  解析:因形容词比较等级用法没掌握好而错选C. 此处应用比较级表最高级意思。正确答案为B。


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