仁爱版八年级英语上册期中考试复习资料(2)
133、stay in bed卧床休息
134、have a sleep 睡觉 have a good sleep 睡个好觉
135、look pale看起来脸色苍白
136、feel terrible感觉不舒服
137、day and night日日夜夜
138、have a rest 休息 have a good rest 好好休息
139、have a sore throat (患)喉咙痛 have a terrible sore throat喉咙痛得厉害
140、lie down 躺下来 [ 不能加宾语 ] 如:You’d better lie down and rest.
141、hot tea with honey (带有蜂蜜的热茶)
142、too much candy太多糖果 [ too much + 不可数名词]
143、so much candy 这么多糖果
144、twice a day 每天两次
145、on the Internet 用因特网,通过因特网
146、so long 这么久, 那么久
147、take care of 照顾 take good care of好好照顾
148、build up 使……更强壮, 增强……体质 [ 及物动词+副词 ]
①宾语是名词,可中可后
build my friend up = build up my friend
②代词作宾语只能放中间
build me up
149、check over给……做体检/健康检查;核对,检查
“及物动词+副词”的结构:
① 名词作宾语可中可后
如check over Li Ming = check Li Ming over
②代词作宾语只能放中间 如 check him over
注:宾语可以是人或物。
150、worry about sth./sb. 担心某事/某人
“不及物动词+介词”的结构
宾语不管是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面
如 worry about him/Li Ming 担心他/李明
worry about my weight 担心我体重
151、be glad to do sth. 乐意做某事
152、make one’s bed 整理床铺 如 make my bed
153、keep doing sth. 继续做某事 keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事
154、at least 至少, 不少于
155、boiled water 开水
156、a symbol of… (……的标志) 例a symbol of the Olympic Games
157、take a pill 服药片/药丸
158、nothing serious 没什么严重的
[“不定代词(something, nothing, anything) +形容词” (形容词要放在不定代词的后面 ),如 I have something important to say. 我有一些重要的事情要说。 ]
159、return to +某地(回到某地) 如 return to Shanghai回到上海
当“某地”是副词时,不用介词to:
return home 回家,return here回到这里,return there回到那里
160、call a taxi 叫出租车
161、have an accident 发生一场事故
162、take him to the hospital带他去医院
take sb. to +某地 (带某人去某地)
当“某地”是副词时,不用to:
如 take me home带我回家, take me there带我去那里
163、hurt可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词:
I hurt my left leg. 我伤到我的左腿。 [hurt为及物动词]
宾语
My left leg hurts. 我左腿疼。 [hurt为不及物动词]
164、look after myself照顾我自己
165、ask for two weeks’ leave 请两天的假
166、return to school 回到学校上课
167、have a bad weekend 度过一个糟糕的周末
168、after that 之后
169、feel sleepy感到很困倦 [ feel +形容词]
170、eat too little 吃太少 eat too much吃太多
171、take some medicine 服一些药
172、①have a big breakfast吃一顿丰盛的早餐
[breakfast有big修饰可理解为种类,即什么样的早餐,所以可以加a ]
②have breakfast 吃早餐 [ 不用冠词 ]
173、stay up late at night晚上熬夜
174、go to bed early早睡 get up late晚起 get up early早起
175、keep fingernails long 留长指甲 [ keep sth./sb. +形容词 ]
176、wash hands before meals饭前洗手
177、play sports right after meals饭后立即运动
①play sports进行体育运动
②right after… (……之后马上……;就在……之后)
178、go to school without breakfast 不吃早饭去上学
179、brush teeth twice a day 一天刷两次牙 [刷牙记得用复数形式teeth ]
180、have a bath洗澡
181、an article about smoking 一篇关于吸烟的文章
[ 介词后面的动词要变成动名词,才能作介词的宾语 ]
182、in the newspaper 在报纸上
183、give up smoking戒烟
184、read in the sun在阳光下看书
185、throw litter around 乱扔垃圾
186、enough water足够的水 enough books足够的书
[enough作为形容词,后面要接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式,不可以接可数名词单数形式。比如不可以说enough book ]
【注意】enough的位置:
enough作为形容词,修饰名词时可前可后。但意思有点不一样:
①We have enough food for this week.
我们这周的食物够了。
②We have food enough for this week.
我们这周的食物绰绰有余。
enough作副词时,只能放在形容词或副词的后面:
warm enough 足够暖和
carefully enough 足够仔细
187、during the day 在白天 [ 相当于 in the daytime ]
188、get headaches患头痛 get a headache患头痛
189、a pain in your head 在你的头部的疼痛
190、work too hard工作太努力
191、get enough sleep 获得足够的睡眠 [sleep在这里是不可数名词]
192、exercise for a long time 做运动很久 [exercise在这里作动词]
193、exercise on an empty stomach 空腹锻炼 [exercise在这里作动词]
194、get into the human body 进入人体
195、cause diseases 引起疾病
196、through the nowe通过鼻子 through the mouth通过口腔
197、through the skin通过皮肤
198、have an illness 生病 [ illness和disease都可作可数名词]
区别:disease指具体的某种疾病 illness泛指不健康的状态
199、keep the air fresh保持空气清新
200、tidy our rooms整理我们的房间
201、sweep the floor扫地 注意与clean的区别:
sweep专指清扫地上的垃圾或灰尘,而clean包括各种方式的清洁。
202、in public当众,公开地 spit in public在公共场所吐痰
203、as we know众所周知
204、help make us strong有助于使我们强壮
205、become sick 生病 [ become +形容词]
同义:be ill [ 强调生病的状态]
have an illness, fall ill, become sick [强调从健康到生病的转变]
206、every night每天晚上 every day每天 every week 每周
207、less than… (少于…… ) 例 less than 7 hours 少于7小时
more than… (超过……) 例 more than two days 超过2天
208、less than three times a week 每星期少于3次
209、once一次 twice两次 three times 三次 four times四次 ……
210、on TV在电视上播放 例 Dad is on TV!爸爸上电视了!
211、go ahead开始做,着手干
212、among people在人们之间 注意与between的区别:
among三者或三者以上的人或物之间, between两者之间
213、these days这几天 those days 那几天
214、keep our rooms clean保持房间干净
215、all the time一直,始终
216、take one’s advice接受某人的建议 如 take your advice
217、keep away from crowded places 远离人多拥挤的地方
①keep away from… 远离…… ②place是可数名词
218、drink lots of boiled water喝许多开水
219、take some cold pills 吃些感冒药
220、lie down and take a good rest 躺下来好好休息
221、go to crowded places去人多拥挤的地方
222、examine a patient 检查病人
223、ring up 给……打电话 [及物动词+副词]
①名词做宾语,可中可后 ring up John = ring John up
②代词作宾语只能放中间 ring him up
224、an hour later一小时以后
225、phone his father’s office往他父亲的办公室打电话
[ phone sb./ call sb./ring sb. 打电话给某人:phone用在英国语语比美国英语普通,call美国英语和英国英语都常用,ring比phone和call不正式]
226、leave a message 留口信 take a message 捎口信
227、give him the message = give the message to him
228、call him back 给他回电话 [ call sb. back 给某人回电话 ]
229、give a talk 做报告 have a talk听报告
230、on time按时,准时
231、give a talk to the students给学生们做报告
232、make you fat使你/你们肥胖 make you unhealthy使你/你们不健康
233、stay safe 保持安全 [ stay +形容词,意为“保持……”]
234、first aid 急救 [名词]
235、on the other hand另一方面
236、avoid smoking and drinking远离烟酒
[ ①avoid sth. ②avoid doing sth. 避免……]
237、[ make sb./sth.+动词原形]
make something happen使某事发生
make sb. do sth.使某人做某事
238、try to do sth. 设法做某事,努力做某事,试图做某事 [可能不成功]
try not to do sth.设法不做某事
239、talk in groups分组讨论
240、break out爆发,突然发生 [不加宾语]
241、lose one’s life 丧生 例lose his life 注意:lose过去式为lost
save one’s life 挽救某人的生命
242、stay at home待在家
243、learn by oneself 自学 [相当于teach oneself]
例 I learn English by myself. = I teach myself English. 我自学英语。
244、take an active part in… 积极参加……
246、care for sb. 照顾某人 [不及物动词+介词]
宾语不论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词的后面。
相当于 look after, take care of
247、most students 大多数学生
248、during those days 在那些日子里
249、be afraid of sth./sb. 害怕某物/某人
250、give me another one给我另外一个
251、pass the exam通过考试 fail the exam考试没通过
252、this time这次,next time下次,last time上次
253、get a cold 得了感冒 相当于have a cold
254、buy her a pen = buy a pen for her 给她买了一支钢笔
255、break the window打坏窗户
256、hand in 交上…… [及物动词+副词]
①宾语是名词,可中可后
hand in your homework = hand your homework in交家庭作业
②宾语是代词,只能放中间
hand it/them in
257、look for 寻找 [强调找的动作和过程]
find找到 [强调找的结果]
258、bring it to me 把它带来给我 [bring sth. to sb.把某物带来给某人]
bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth.
例 bring a book to me = bring me a book
注意:我们可以说bring it to me,但不可以说bring me it
即带来的某物是代词时,只能用bring sth. to sb.的句型。
259、some of his classmates 他的一些同班同学
260、have a look看一看 have a look at sth./sb.看一看某物/某人
261、do the same sports 做同样的运动
the same的用法:① +单数可数名词② +复数可数名词③+不可数名词
例 the same book, the same things, the same quality (相同的品质)
262、learn to skate学会滑冰 [learn to do sth.学会做某事]
263、every four years 每四年一次
[every后面一般加单数可数名词,但也可以加“数词+名词复数形式”]
264、the most popular sport最受欢迎的运动
265、put away 把……收起来放好 [ 及物动词+副词]
①宾语是名词,可中可后
put medicine away = put away medicine
②宾语是代词,只能放中间
put it/them away
266、since then从那时起
267、hurry up赶快,快点
268、just a moment请稍等,稍等一会儿
269、a kind of… 一种……
270、do sth. by mistake 错误地做某事
271、on business 出差
272、in different ways 以不同的方式
273、talk with sb. 和某人交谈
274、catch the flu 患流感
仁爱版八年级英语上册期中考试复习资料:重要句型
1、be going to+动词原形,be为am,is或are时,为一般将来时态,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
①表示打算、计划做某事 (有时译成“要做某事”)
如I am going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.
②根据一定迹象,预测将发生某事。
如Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain.
2、①see sb. do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”。
表示看见事件、行动的全过程,动作已经结束。
表示经常看到某人做某事也要用see sb. do sth.
如I saw her cross the road.
I often see you play basketball after school.
②see sb. doing sth. 意为“看到某人正在做某事”
强调事件、行动正在进行。
如 I saw her dancing at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候我看见她正在跳舞。
3、hope+宾语从句
如 I hope our team will win. 我希望我们的队会赢。
4、Me, too. 我也一样。
5、— Which sport do you prefer, cycling or rowing?
(骑自行车和划船相比,你更喜欢哪种运动?)
— I prefer rowing.
6、— Do you row much? (你经常划船吗?)
— Yes, quite a bit/quite a lot./ No, seldom .
(是的,常常。/不,很少。)
7、I like Yao Ming best. 我最喜欢姚明。(三个或三个以上在比较)
I like Yao Ming better.我比较喜欢姚明。(两个在比较)
8、Do you know anything about him?
①肯定句用something,如I’d like to have something to eat.
②否定句和一般疑问句用anything,
如 I don’t want to eat anything.
Do you know anything about him?
③但如果是表示请求或建议的疑问句要用something。
如 Would you like something to drink?
What about something to eat?
9、He and McGrady both play for the Houston Rockets in the NBA.
①“两者”用both,“三者或三者以上”用all
② play for a team为某球队效力
in a team(英式英语)在某球队打球
on a team(美式英语)在某球队打球
10、I’m going to be a basketball player like him. [ like him作后置定语]
我打算成为像他一样的篮球选手。
11、What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大以后想当什么?
“When+一个句子”,英语里把它称为“由when引导的时间状语从句”,用来表示什么时候。 当主句是一般将来时态时,时间状语从句要用一般现在时来表示将来。如本句中的“when you grow up”用的是一般现在时态,来表示将来(长大以后)。
【注意】有些个别单词(如 want, can等等)虽然用的是一般现在时态,但表示的也是将来的事,这时候时间状语从句也要用一般现在时来表示将来。
如:I want to be a doctor when I grow up.
(相当于I am going to be a doctor when I grow up.)
He hopes to be a singer when he grows up.我们长大以后就可以开车。
12、He is one of the best runners in the world.
①one of+可数名词复数形式,意为“……之一”
②“one of+可数名词复数形式”作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如 One of the students is my good friend.
【解析】 有的同学看到the students是复数的,就以为要用are,其实应该用is才对。为什么要用is呢,因为介词短语of the students是作后置定语(修饰one),one才是主语,所以要用单数的is。
再如:One of them plays basketball every day.
主语是one,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
13、She won two gold medals twice.
她赢得两枚金牌赢了两次。(所以总共是赢得四枚金牌)
14、Liu Xiang took part in both the Athens and Beijing Olympics.
“both…and…”用来连接两个并列成份。当它连接两个并列主语是,谓语动词用复数形式。如 Both Li Ming and I are students.
15、She spends half an hour doing exercise in the gym every day.
⑴spend…(in) doing sth. 花费……(时间/金钱)做某事
⑵spend…on sth. 花费……(时间/金钱)在某事物上
例:①She spends half an hour (in) doing exercise in the gym every day.
= She spends half an hour on exercise in the gym every day.
②She spends a lot of money (in)buying clothes.
=She spends a lot of money on clothes.
16、Now she plays baseball pretty well. 现在她棒球打得相当好。
[pretty well用来说明打棒球打得怎么样]
17、She is good at jumping.
be good at sth. / doing sth.
如 ①She is good at English. 她擅长英语。
②He is good at playing basketball. 他擅长打篮球。
相当于 He is good at basketball. 他擅长篮球。
18、There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend.
下周将有一个学校运动会。
[ 此句是there be句型用于be going to句型中。这里的there be句型是表示某时有某物,初一年我们常见there be句型表示某地有某物。]
19、They are sure that she will win. 他们确信她会赢。
20、It helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy.
它(游戏)有助于使她的心脏和肺保持健康。
[ help to do sth. 有助于做某事]
21、The team is going to play against China’s national team tomorrow.
明天这个球队(大卫.贝克汉姆的球队)将和中国国家队进行一场比赛
[ 把the team看成一个整体,所以谓语动词用单数形式is ]
22、It’s too bad that the players aren’t going to stay for long.
队员们不会久留,真遗憾。
[此句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的“the players aren’t going to stay for long”这件事。]
23、They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.
他们将于后天动身前往日本。
[此句是用现在进行时表示将来。但并不是任何动词都有这种用法,英语中,表示位置移动的动词 go, come, leave, fly, start, arrive等,可以用现在进行时表示将来。其中come, leave和arrive要记得去e再加ing变成现在分词,当然现在进行时别忘了动词be ]
24、— Could you please do me a favor? 请帮我个忙好吗?
[用could表示委婉地请求对方做某事。]
— Sure.
25、— Will you join us? 你愿意加入我们吗? [ will表示意愿 ]
— I’d be glad to.
26、I am not very good at it. 我不是很擅长它(足球)。
[ be good at sth. / doing sth. ]
例:① I am good at English.
② I am good at playing basketball.
= I am good at basketball.
27、— Would/Do you mind teaching me? 你介意教我吗?
— Not at all. 一点也不介意。
[ ①用would比用do委婉 ② mind doing sth.介意做某事]
28、— Would/Do you mind if I open the window?
如果我打开窗户你会介意吗?
— Of course not./Certainly not. Please do.当然不介意。请打开吧。
You’d better not. 你最好不要(打开窗户)。
29、— Would/Do you mind not putting your bike here?
请你不要把自行车放在这里,好吗?
— Sorry. I’ll put it somewhere else.
30、— Would you mind not throwing bottles around?
— I am sorry about that. I won’t do it again.
31、— Don’t be late next time. 下次请不要迟到。
— Sorry, I won’t. 对不起,我下次不会迟到了。
32、— Would you mind making your bed?
— Sorry. I’ll do it right away.
33、What do you mean by saying that? 你那么说是什么意思?
34、I didn’t want to miss the goal, either.
① 肯定句要用also或too:
also要放在be/情态动词/助动词之后,行为动词之前
too常见放在句末,用逗号与前面隔开。
as well也放在句末,但一般不用逗号与前面隔开。
例 I am also a student.
I am a student,too.
② 否定句要用either,放在句末,一般用逗号与前面隔开。
35、— I didn’t want to miss the goal, either. 我也不想失去这个球的。
— But you did. 但是你确实失掉了这个球。
[相当于But you missed the goal.]
36、I am sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话感到抱歉。
I am sorry for losing your book. 很抱歉把你的书丢了。
[ be sorry for sth. / doing sth. 为某事感到抱歉/后悔/遗憾 ]
37、It’s nothing. 没关系/不要紧。
同义句:①Never mind. ②It doesn’t matter. ③That’s OK.
[ 别人道歉时的答语。That’s OK.还可用来回答别人的道谢。]
38、We believe you’ll do better next time. 我们相信你下次会做得更好。
39、Keep trying! 继续努力!
40、We are sure to win next time. 我们下次一定赢。
[ be sure to do sth.确信/肯定要做某事(表将来)]
>>>下一页更多精彩“仁爱版八年级英语上册期中考试复习资料”