2017年7月17托福阅读答案解析
对许多人来说，“托福”如同一把启开理想与智慧之门的钥匙。托福难吗?7月15日托福考试答案你知道了吗?下面就是学习啦小编给大家整理的2017年7月15日托福答案解析，希望对你有用!
2017年7月15日托福口语真题解析
Task 1
更愿意选择哪一个volunteer work?
1. 打扫公园
2. 为自行车开辟新的道路
3. 在城市种植植物
Task 2
小孩子从小参加运动的话长大后变得更aggressive，是否同意?
Task 3
阅读
标题：School newspaper publish，把校报从每周一到周六的六次
减少到每周一次
原因1：budget不够
原因2：看的学生太少
听力
态度：反对
原因1：budget的问题可以让local sports/clothing shop做广告，学生是很大的潜在消费群体
原因2：校报可以放在学生多的地方，餐厅、学生中心、图书馆等等
Task 4
阅读
标题：Freeloader
定义：工作场所和教室中都有可能发生的，有的人不做贡献，让其他每个成员负责特定的一部分
听力
例子：教授举例在一个教室里给学生们布置了讨论书籍的任务并做相关提问，教授发现只有个别学生发言很多，于是就把每个问题拆分为每个人的工作任务，需要他们都发言。
Task 5
问题：男孩本来是很会做蛋糕的，要去参加picnic party，用了一个比较健康的recipe，但是做出来没有之前好吃
解决方案1：重新按照原来的方式做蛋糕
优点1：可以保证蛋糕的口味
缺点1：需要晚点去，错过了这个party的大部分
解决方案2：直接带着现在的蛋糕去
优点2：可以参加整场party，有些人也会喜欢更健康的蛋糕
缺点2：味道可能不太好，让其他人失望
Task 6
话题：教授讲了两种动物争夺食物的strategy
要点1：chemical的方式
例子1：有一种蚂蚁在遇到不能带走的大块食物时，就释放一种化学物质，让其他蚂蚁不会去触碰
要点2：physical的方式
例子2：另外一种蚂蚁发现附近有其他蚂蚁和它竞争食物时，就用石头堵住竞争者的巢穴，让它们出不来
2017年7月15日托福阅读真题答案解析
Passage One
学科分类：Sociology
题目：The Chaco Roads
内容回忆： Chaco Roads是Chaco Canyon的交通和道路系统。有644KM连接中心与30个outlying communities;Chaco Roads 是shallow tracks, strait for long distances, 一般有stone step与community相连接;关于这些Roads的通途是一个mystery，到底是用来行走，运输，还是别的什么目的呢?关于Roads的用途Judge认为是用来朝圣的道路，行走的。而James认为有fuzzy lines证明不是这个用途。可能道路本身就是一些仪式性的建筑，象征通往dead spirit的the underground world.
词汇题：
1. verifying-confirming
2. ascend-go up
3. converge on-meet at
4. vanishes-disappears
Passage Two
学科分类：Agriculture
题目：Inca Highland
内容回忆：本文主要讲了印加高地地区的农业，该地区由于不同的海拔会有不同的农作物，在降水比较充沛的地方人口就比较多。然而该地区是self-sufficiency的耕作方式，遇到气候变化和肥料不够的情况下还是会面临粮食的低产问题。于是他们采取了两种方法，一种在在一片土地上种植多种农作物以保证收成的方法，还有一种是将食物有计划的储存起来。然而这样还有有些农产品无法获得，于是他们采取了农作物殖民的方式，到远离家乡的地方进行农产品生产，互相补给各个区域没有的产品。
Passage Three
学科分类：Astronomy
题目：Pluto
内容回忆：本文具体讨论了冥王星是否应该算作太阳系九大行星的争论。先讲到了冥王星很小，有的小行星的体积都比它大。冥王星在刚被发现时被认为体积很大，一方面跟reflectivity有关，还有一方面跟它的mass有关。还提到了对太阳系第十大行星的探索。关于冥王星的争议有人认为它已经在很长时间被认为是太阳系的行星就应该继续这样认为，也有人认为判断一个星体是不是行星，应该看它的重量是否足够达到收到gravity的影响。
2017年7月15日托福写作真题解析
综合
阅读：一种在北美的野马mustang需要限制它们在牧场上面的数量
1. 因为野马会吃掉很多的草overgraze，破坏土壤和整个牧场的动植物生态圈
2. 因为还有其他的farm animal，cattle 和 sheep等，野马太多会破坏整个牧场的carrying capacity
3. 野马喝水会破坏水质并且阻碍juvenile fish的生长
听力：反对
1. 野马只是吃掉表层的草，不会破坏root，还能继续生长，另外野马的粪便粪便可以当做fertilizer，反而对草是有益的
2. 野马的存在可以保护sheep的数量，因为捕猎会同时捕这些动物，野马数量减少的话，就会捕更多羊
3. 野马的存在并不一定是对young fish有害。举了beaver的例子，之前这里有海狸，它们筑起了dams，减缓了water flow，更适合小鱼生长。后来海狸消失后，小鱼的数量反而下降。
Sample Answer:
The reading passage lists three reason why the population of mustangs should be limited in the pasture, while the lecturer contradicts all those theories respectively.
Firstly, the mustangs won’t destroy the ecosystem of the whole pasture because those mustangs only eat the surface grass and won’t break the root, which ensures the further growth. Besides, the faeces become fertilizers, so they are beneficial to the grass. Therefore, we don’t need about the negative effects on the ecosystem if the mustangs are overgrazed.
Second, according to the passage, mustang will also break the carrying capacity of the whole pasture because there are other farm animals like cattle and sheep. However, the existence of mustang will actually protect those farm animals. If their population are limited, the predictors will kill more sheep.
As to the harmful effect of juvenile fish, the professor also claims that mustangs won’t do harm to young fish. Another example that juvenile fish build up dams to reduce the water flow, which suits the young fish, whereas their population decrease after beavers disappeared. Thus, the claims in the reading that mustang will pollute the water and stop the growing of juvenile fish. (194 words)
独立
Students aged 13-18 are taught different subjects by different teachers while younger students are taught by only one teacher all day long. Some people suggest it would benefit young students to be taught by different teachers. Do you agree with this view? Why or why not?
Sample Answer:
There is quite a strange phenomenon that students who are under teenage are treated differently just due to their “particularity”. It is true that the teachers of younger students are given special mission but, contrary to the opinion from most people, I insists that younger students can be better educated if they have different teachers.
The first benefit is that they can experienced various teaching method from different teachers. Under the schooling of single teaching method, students’ mind will be limited deeply, which decrease their creativity and cut off the possibility to further development. Worse still, if the only teacher go something wrong, there will be no chance to correct the mistakes due to absence of comparison. On the contrary, if several teachers show different personalities and characters to students, they will know comprehensively about the world, the people and themselves. Time and time again, they will be arguably equipped with the skills to tell right apart from wrong. Since our civilization allows diversification, the growth that younger people are expected with should also be diversified.
Given the professional knowledge in different fields, teachers should also be asked to do what they truly major in. We always expect that a man should be generalists rather than specialists, but the fact is the formers usually do the things worse and, in other words, less professionally than those specialists do to some degree. Similarly, the teachers who are skilled in logical thinking like math and science may be poor at art and music. With the help of those teachers, students surely receive better education and learn deeply in each subject, despite their interest and preference. Clearly, professional events suit those professionals.
Some may claim that as a result of their young age, younger students are more likely to have close relationship with the one who they think are reliable. However, is that good news? Kids who are always regarded over-dependent to someone are under overprotection actually. Relying on certain and being afraid of learning new things from other “strangers” largely reduce their process to view the world, which stop them from being mental mature and being independent. After all, regardless of their young age, students are not toddlers anymore.
All in all, given their comprehensive development in knowledge and personality, students should be surround by many teachers who have their own traits. (390 words)
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