17年9月17日托福考试真题写作解析

　　托福考试作为一种基本英语语言能力的标准化测试,一直是国内外众多著名高等院校招生部门和各类机构人力资源部门选拔人才的衡量标准之一。托福考试其中一项就是写作能力的考核。下面就是学习啦小编给大家整理的17年9月17日托福写作解析，希望对你有用!

　　17年9月17日托福写作解析

　　Writing 1综合

　　Nacza Lines为什么形成的三种理论：

　　1.用来记录星象变化，因为有些图案像天上的星星。

　　但教授反驳还有无数的图案根本不能match到天上的星星，而且仅有的那些像的图案也只是巧合而已。

　　2. 一种表达文化的艺术形式，因为很壮观。

　　教授反驳说在高处看确实很壮观，但在平地看就not visible，根本不能识别，所以不可能是人为创作的艺术作品。

　　3. 是人们赛跑的轨道，因为有很多人的足迹。

　　教授反驳说这些足迹很复杂，还包含了动物的脚印，很难定位，而且不一定是用来赛跑的，可能是人们进行宗教仪式时留下来的。

　　如下是阅读听力原文

　　2016.6.25

　　综合写作

　　The straight lines and the central shape with straight line are “Nazca Lines”

　　The term “Nazca Lines” refer to a series of images created in the desert of Peru about 2,000 years ago. These images, many depicting geometric shapes, are extremely large with some covering several kilometers. Although researchers know how the Nazca Lines were created--the top layer of dark rocks were removed from the desert floor, exposing the lighter soil underneath--they remain uncertain why they were created. Several theories have been suggested to account for the presence of these lines.

　　One theory is that the Nazca Lines were used as an astronomical calendar for tracking events such as the winter solstice (the day with shortest number of daylight hours) that were important to agricultural peoples. This theory was supported by the discovery of an astronomical link between some of the images and various planets and stars. It was pointed out, for example, that on the day of the winter solstice, the Sun sets almost directly over a single long line drawn in the desert.

　　Another theory is that the Nazca images were created as a monumental art form expressing the Nazca people’s cultural and social importance in the region. Many ancient peoples built large monuments and artworks to demonstrate their power and celebrate their achievements. The Egyptians built massive pyramids, for example, and Easter Islanders curved massive human heads out of stone. It seems reasonable, therefore, to think that the Nazca images were built for similar reasons--to impress others.

　　A third theory focuses on the fact that there is evidence that people traveled by foot along the line. This has led to the speculation that the Nazca Lines represented sites of footraces in which individuals or groups of individuals competed for athletic victory. In this view, the Nazca images are ancient racetracks.

　　Listening

　　The three theories that you read give some very creative explanations for the Nazca Lines. But none holds up well unto the examination.

　　First, about the Nazca Lines as indicators of astronomic events. What the reading didn’t mention is that the vast majority of Nazca images don’t match up with anything observable in the sky. And for the few images they do, well, you know, there are hundreds of Nazca images and countless objects in the sky. Given these numbers, of course, a few line up. That would happen just by chance.

　　Second, the Nazca images as art. Well, it is certainly true that Nazca images are large, but they are impressive really only when seen from overhead, like in an airplane. When you’re simply standing on the ground next to one of these images, it is not impressive at all. The landscape is too flat and the images are too large to allow people on the ground to recognize them. This is very different from the pyramids and the Easter Island stones. They are not just large, they are tall. It is their great height them makes them visible and impressive.

　　Third, the idea that people were using the lines as racing tracks. Some of the images are in the shape of animals. There is a monkey, a hummingbird, a spider and so on. And these images are too complex to make good locations for foot race. Ok, so what could count for the evidence that foot traveled along the line? We can’t be sure of course, but we know that other prehistoric peoples in the region had religious rituals that involved walking along especially created pathways. It could be that Nazca line played a role in religious rituals or ceremonies that involved walking along the line.

　　Writing 2

　　2017年9月17日独立作文：

　　A lot of high school students now cheat in homework assignments, by asking other students for answers. Which of the following do you think is the most efficient way to stop?

　　-asking parents to help stop the students from cheating

　　-penalty or punishment to the students

　　-asking teacher to create homework assignment that cannot be easily cheated

　　今天的独立写作是久违了的三选一题目，ETS出的题目越来越接地气，考察防止高中生作弊哪种方法最有效。这种题型的思路是选择一个支持的说明理由，并解释为什么不支持其他两个选项。

　　这道题假如选择第三个，我们可以找到理由是老师可以布置开放性的家庭作业，学生可以去图书馆查阅资料，整理形成presentation或者写paper，这样学生就不太容易作弊。

　　第一个选项--父母帮助孩子防止作弊—可能作用不太大，是因为有些家长本身受教育程度不高没法进行有效的指导;甚至有的父母会为了孩子在学业中拿到比较高的成绩会帮助孩子做作业，这就起不到防止作弊的效果。

　　第二个选项—处罚—也起不到作用是因为处罚过轻起不到震慑作用，处罚过重比如开除学籍可能会给学生带来严重影响，甚至心理素质不好的学生会跳楼自杀等等。

　　托福写作得高分的4个要点

　　1.托福写作的考些什么?

　　托福写作包括两部分，需在50分钟的时间内完成。

　　第一部分是综合写作，以阅读和听力材料为基础的写作试题，写作时间为20分钟。考生首先需要阅读一篇学术篇章，阅读的时间是3分钟。然后文章隐去，考生需要听一段大约为2分钟左右的与阅读主题相关的演讲。之后考生需要针对阅读和演讲中的观点作文，总结并说明演讲的内容与阅读中观点的关系，在20分钟的时间内完成一篇150~225字的文章。

　　第二部分是独立写作，需要考生根据自己的知识和经验陈述、解释并支持对待某一问题的某个看法，考查综合语言技能的作文题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。在30分钟内完成一篇300字以上的文章。

　　一般情况下如果你的时间充裕，小编建议大家能多写尽量多写，并不是网上有些人说的多写怕出错，小编认为的多写并不是没话找话，这里讲的多写是要考生让文章更加完整的情况下去填充内容，让写作文章更加的丰富。

　　2.托福写作的评分标准是怎样的?

　　托福写作评分包括机器评分以及人工评分两部分。

　　机器评分主要通过E-rater，对考生文章的语法是否正确、用词是否得当、以及单词拼写及大小写是否准确等方面进行评分;一篇考生的文章会经过两台机器评分。

　　人工评分通过ETS阅卷人评分，综合写作和独立写作分别有两位阅卷人给出分数。

　　托福写作原始分数为0-5分，考生得分分为三个level(如下图所示)：GOOD(4.0-5.0)，FAIR(2.5-3.5)，LIMITED(1.0-2.0)，最终成绩通过两个科目的分数取平均分，再换算为30分制的分数。

　　3.怎么从5分转化为30分?

　　具体换算大家可以参考一下下面这张图片：

　　4.托福写作评分0-5分的依据是什么?

　　托福5分作文

　　文章切题，阐说充分，文章有说服力;段落组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有很强的逻辑性;段落内句与句连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活，娴熟;用词确切，得体。文章中有个别语法拼写错误，但不影响内容表达。

　　托福4分作文

　　文章切题，阐说基本充分，在某些细节上有缺陷。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，逻辑性强;句间连接顺畅，句式使用恰当，灵活;用词基本得体。文章中有少量用词不当和语法拼写错误。

　　托福3分作文

　　文章切题，阐说尚可，展开不够。段落层次组织有序，衔接紧密，过渡自然，有逻辑性;句间连接基本顺畅;有部分句法错误;用词一般，有时不得体。词性区分和拼写等有若干错误。

　　托福2分作文

　　文章切题，段落组织基本合理，有逻辑性，但只存在于语义层次上，语言表达上未能体现;句子框架结构基本成立，但有许多语法错误，句间联系不顺畅，往往是不善于使用逻辑连词，显得幼稚，生硬。词汇方面拼写错误多，常有用词不得体现象。

　　托福1分作文

　　文章切题。阐说没有展开，只限于三言两语地回答问题;没有段落组织，很乱，长度很短，只有一段;句子排列有一定的逻辑关系，能看出各句基本框架，但结构或语法错误较多;用词不得体，拼写错误多。

　　托福0分作文

　　文章各方面都有严重错误，句子不像句子。总体印象是根本没有写作能力，英语水平太低，达不到一分标准，只能打最低分。

　　以上这4点大家备考时需要谨记，这样才能更加充分的备考托福写作，以至获得更高的托福分数，希望这些对大家托福写作备考都有帮助。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。

　　>>>下一页更多精彩“托福写作必备黄金80句”