2017年3月11日托福真题解析
托福考试分为口语，听力，阅读，写作四部分的。多做一些托福真题对于提升能力有帮助。下面就是学习啦小编给大家整理的2017年3月11日托福真题，希望对你有用!
3月11日托福口语真题
Task 1
Things always change in an unexpected way. Please describe a thing you have recently done that, ten years ago, you never imagined you would do.
Task 2
You live in a crowded city with only one green space-the city park. The government recently proposes to build a housing complex on this only green space. Do you think this is a good idea?
Task 3
阅读
标题：Professor should grade all students’ assignment
好处：
原因1：Professor can give more detailed and useful feedback compared with those graduate students, who might be learning themselves.
原因2：Professor can have a better understanding of students’ progress and adapt the class to students’ need.
听力
态度：不同意
原因一： graduate students批改作业分散任务，不累。通常一个班级100多人，如果教授一个人要批改所有作业，教授会很辛苦，并且没有那么多时间。
原因二：目前教授也能很好地了解学生的学习进度，因为教授每个星期都要和graduate students讨论学生的作业情况。教授会花时间讲解学生作业中出现的问题。
Task 4
阅读
标题： Fear Appeal
定义：When companies make advertisement to attract consumers, one of the strategies they adopt is called fear appeal. That is, they present some negative events or outcome people may encounter, and then provide solutions with their products or service.
听力
例子：The professor uses a construction company’s advertisement about roof maintaining to explain fear appeal. In the advertisement, a family was at first having vacation on a beach, laughing and enjoying their vacation. But at the same time, back in their house, water leaks like rainstorm. When they get back home, they say damage everywhere. Then the voice comes: you can avoid this in advance; hire our company to check and repair your roof and you will never be worried about such thing.
Task 5
听力
问题：The woman cannot pay her bill because she used air-conditioner in the summer too much. She didn’t expect that the fee will be so expensive. She needs to pay in three weeks.
解决方案1：She can work more hours during her part-time job at the café.
优点1：She can earn enough money to pay the bill if she works on Friday.
缺点1：Her friends will come to visit her and she doesn’t leave her friends alone.
解决方案2：She can ask their parents for help.
优点2：Her parents definitely can pay the bill and she doesn’t need to worry about the money anymore.
缺点2：Her parents just paid textbooks for her recently. She doesn’t want to ask too much from parents.
Task 6
听力
话题：Plants also have sensory ability.
要点1：sense the odor
例子1：Vines smell odors to detect water and nutrient.
要点2：sense the sound
例子2：some plants can sense the sound animals make to protect themselves. When they notice animals approaching, they can emit some chemical to prevent the animals from eating them
3月11日托福听力真题
Conversation 1
话题分类：学生和学校活动主管
内容回忆：本对话是谈论关于学生活动和校政策之间的问题。学生想和室友举办cooking club 但是未经过学校活动中心允许，需要学生提交一封申请书即可，注明使用时间等细节，学校还可以免费提供椅子，烤架桌子等需要的设施，甚至是一些配料和食材，但与此同时，学生也需要公开此消息，鼓励其他有兴趣学生加入此项目，学生表示正计划中。
Conversation 2
话题分类：学生和教授
内容回忆：学生去找professor讨论关于研究考古论文的话题，学生表示对加拿大一古遗址特别感兴趣，因为那里是早期北美农业资源开拓证据。教授并不认为那是可行的，因为区域范围很小，并且Labrador
岛屿内和沿岸都有一样的构造。最后学生要求，教授帮忙给一封推荐信，表明自己对于Summer Archaeological survey非常有兴趣，希望可以有机会参与。
Lecture 1
学科分类：Astronomy
标题：科技探测太阳系周围的星球
内容回忆：讲述几种不同的科技探测手段，能够帮助如何准确探测和观察太阳系周围的星球。远在1980s还是非常困难，周围星球因为太过于昏暗，而且时常被隐藏，之后研究者们找到两种可行方案，周期减少光和轻微活动。其中自适应光学可以捕捉到短暂而又清晰图片，但是不够灵活。相对于此， Vortex Chronographs(旋风日冕仪)就能解决这个问题。
Lecture 2
学科分类： Education
标题：儿童文学
内容回忆：本文主要是讲不同文学家对儿童文学不同定义和理解。Jaoh locker是提出儿童应该将学习和快乐结合起来，原因是儿童天性如此，喜欢娱乐，而且自出生时，就像一张白纸，完全空白，可以通过教育经验和不断学习去改变一生。其中他也认为童话故事其实是对于成年人更有吸引力，比如伊索寓言当中提供了很多关于如何变得热心和善于交友。与此同时Joh Newbery 认为学习可以使人变得更加富有，提出了不一样的儿童文学理论。
Lecture 3
学科分类： Art History
标题：关于Albert Bierstadt不同时期的艺术解读
内容回忆：本文主要讲述关于Albert Bierstadt对他绘画历史的研究和解读，Albert对于绘画从小就很有天赋，其母亲也是为画家，因为给予他很多启示。当发现对艺术有浓厚兴趣后，开始学习画画，以及如何使用画笔，颜料以及学习笔触。曾经去过美国西海案，落基山，目睹岩石破裂和移动，并且开始素描出其画面，也成为油画的基础。在他的画中，会尝试用虚拟不实际的色调，传达出一种强烈渴望。甚至会在画中使用固定公式。类似于Last of Buffalo这些画，这些不被大众理解。最后教授提出，文化和时代更能成就艺术家。
Lecture 4
学科分类： Paleontology
标题：古生物进化
内容回忆： 主要讲述气候对于生物进化因素的影响。首先提到tiktaalik (提塔利克鱼)，已灭绝，但被认为是水生动物和陆生动物之间的过渡动物，前后各两条腿，其中的手腕和手上骨骼可以帮助证明，这是非常重要的在古生物解剖学结构中。后期由于气候变暖，所以它可以浮上水面呼吸氧气，同时也有利于更好发现捕食者。之后提到tetrapod(四足动物)，正是由于水中氧气质量的下降，才导致这一新物种的进化。
3月11日托福阅读真题
Passage One
学科分类：Literature
题目：Homer and Oral Poetry
内容回忆：
1. 早期的诗歌是被recited and sung, 而不是written. epic poems的最高成就是古希腊Homer的Iliad and Odyssey
2. Iliad和Odyssey是在750 B.C. 到720 B.C. 写的。I比O早了几十年，导致一个疑问是他们到底是不是一个人写的。关于他们的Method也有一些争议，既有口头色彩的stock phrase, 也有书面文学long and complex expression. 有猜测认为I和O不是Homer一个人写的，而是一些无名人士搜集整理，最后成了我们现在看到的样子。
3. 观点发生了变化。有人认为早期oral poem可能是一种再创造，不会读写的人也可能讲出类似的诗歌，他们基于古老的故事内容和固定的模式，通过自己的方式retell the story.
4. Homer也可能是通过这个方式。他用自己的方式recompose the poem, 从之前的传唱故事吸收了很多固定表达，慢慢展现了自己的风格，通过不停地rehearsal, ‘write’ in his mind.
5. 到底I和O是何时被written down and fossilized? 大致是接近Homer的时期。有三种理论：1. 不会读写的Homer口述给别人记录下来;2. 后人Recited; 3. Homer自己是可以写的，只不过他trained to make oral version. 不管怎样，I和O都代表着Oral poetry的最高成就。
词汇题：
1. culmination-high point
2. controversy-disagreement
3. anonymous-unidentified
4. exhibit-display
Passage Two
学科分类：Biology
题目：Food-Storing strategies of Squirrels
内容回忆：
1. 精于贮藏食物是Squirrels的特征，简单讲了其中比较典型的territorial pine squirrels store cone的方式。
2. 但是tree squirrels 跟pine s不同，它们贮藏食物不在同一个地方，而是将食物分散，藏在各处。虽然这样子做hard to defend against robbers, 但是因为分散了，也不会大量被偷走。
3. 为什么会有larder 和scatter这两种方式呢?大多数别的动物贮藏食物也是介于这两种方式之间，但也取决于别的因素，也有别的贮藏方式。Pine S也有可能选择scatter这种方式，tree s也有可能选择larder这种方式，但是大多数还是stick to他们各自的方式。
4. 贮藏方式不同取决于：1. time; 2. aggressiveness; 3. climate; 4. types of food; 第四种是决定Squirrels的因素。
5. 但是Squirrels的贮藏方式并不适用于nuts and fruits, 所以这个时候， squirrels会secret each item in a hidden cache。
6. 他们贮藏食物的方式影响着他们的很多习性，比如pine s是territorial的，而 tree s是non-territorial，disperse their young. 对于他们贮藏食物方式的全面了解能够帮助了解很多重要的方面。
词汇题：
1. distinctive-characteristic
2. respective-in the order presented
3. decisive-determining
4. appreciation-understanding
Passage Three
学科分类：History
题目：Newspapers inWestern Europe
内容回忆：
1. 17世纪， newspaper最早在荷兰发展。ships带回货物的同时也带回很多的news。
2. 荷兰的优势在于不太集中的government censorship.其他地方，比如法国有严格的法律控制，报业不够自由，因为是政府部门给予资金支持，大多观点都是被政府控制的。
3. 18世纪，情况发生改变，报业开始繁荣。因为英国的政府管理faltered了，皇室和国会争论到底哪一方拥有对报业的管理时，报业本身就发展了。新的政府机构的建立也促进了newspaper的发展。
4. 随着经济和政治的繁荣，对于news的需求增加，更多的道路和交通工具也进一步促进报业发展。Postal systems的建立也进一步促进newspaper的发展，任何人都能够在家或咖啡厅读报。
5. 但是那时的报纸是modest products， illustrations were rare; headlines也还没有，通常是四页。每周发行一到两次，而不是每天，也只印刷几千份。hand-operated wooden press 印刷。
6. 早期的newspaper对于社会生活都有广泛影响，包括促进信息交流，让人们觉得自己是公共生活的一部分，以及人们可以通过写信给编辑交流观点。
词汇题：
1. exercised-applied
2. emergence-rise
3. tactic-strategy
4. thus-consequently
3月11日托福写作真题
综合
阅读：保护濒危鸟类Hermit Ibis很困难，因为:
1. habitat destruction生存环境的破坏，大多由于人的占用导致。
2. 附近捕食者(比如秃鹰和乌鸦)对幼鸟和蛋的攻击. Eggs and juvenile are vulnerable to the predators, which, however, cannot be killed because they are also important to ecosystem.
3. 保护濒危物种通常科学家会raise them in captivity 然后release into the wild, 但是Hermit Ibis是迁徙类动物，它们是从父母那里学习how and where to migrate， 如果人工饲养然后放回大自然，它们无法生存。
听力：问题可以解决
1. hermit ibis可以在很多地方筑巢，人工搭建的栖息地，比如建筑物的外墙。这个不是问题。
2. 虽然eggs and juvenile are vulnerable，但是它们的天敌都比较胆小，只要在eggs and juvenile成年之前人类通过吹哨子赶走天敌，Hermit Ibis成年后生活就没有问题了。
3. 人类也可以教给年幼的hermit ibis如何迁徙，比如pilot带着年幼的hermit ibis随着它们迁徙的路线飞行，它们也可以学会如何迁徙，放回大自然后它们的生存就不会有任何问题。
Sample Answer:
Contrary to the belief in the passage that it is difficult to protect hermit ibis, the professor asserts a diverse perception.
To begin with, the professor argues that hermit ibis actually can build nest everywhere. For example, the wall of buildings is perfectly suitable for them to build nest. Habitat destruction won’t be a problem to prevent scientists from protecting hermit ibis. This directly challenges the first idea in the reading that like many other endangered species, it is difficult to protect hermit ibis because of the habitat destruction.
Then, the author of the passage points out eggs and juveniles are vulnerable to the predators, which, however, are not supposed be killed because they are also important to ecosystem. However, their predators actually are coward species. People can easily blow whistles to scare away the predators during the period in which they are vulnerable. When they grow up to adults, there will be nothing to be worried about anymore. Again, this contradicts what the reading passage says about the same issue.
Finally, the professor points out that human can also teach young hermit ibis how to migrate. For example, pilots can flight along hermit ibis’ migratory route thus young hermit ibis that is raised in captivity will follow this route and become capable of migrating just like their peers living in the wild. Yet, the reading is of the opposite view that hermit ibis raised in captivity by scientists don’t have the chance to learn how and where to migrate from their parents.
(253 words)
独立
Do you agree or disagree: it’s better to relax through watching a film and reading a book than doing physical exercises?
解题思路：
同意该观点：
1. 有趣的电影情节会带来乐趣。
2. 看书会让心情非常平静和愉悦。
体育运动有时候很无聊而且会容易让人疲惫。
Sample Answer:
Everyone in the society is seeking for a way to release his or her pressure derived from continuous study or work, but what is the key factor of getting completely relaxed? There are two choices – the first one is to sit themselves to a comfortable couch, watching movies and reading books while the other is to go out and do physical exercises. Although someone tends to choose the first approach, I definitely agree that doing physical exercise is a better choice for those who want to relax themselves.
The first and foremost advantage of doing physical exercise is that it helps people stretch themselves and get recovered from anchylosis. People often feel stressed out because they sit still working or studying for 6 or more hours every day. Despite the difficulties caused by some sophisticated problems they need to deal with, sitting still for long is also one of the reasons that cause people’s intense pressure that is harmful to their health. In this case, doing exercise is a superb way to help them get relaxed. Actually, doing some sports that involve the whole body’s movement is the best, such as playing basketball, badminton. Jogging is also a good choice. On the contrary, watching a movie or reading a book still requires people to sit, which might worsen the situation instead.
To better relax ourselves, we must free ourselves from psychology stress. Doing exercise has two benefits in helping us achieve this goal. On the one hand, doing physical exercise facilitates the exudation of dopamine, which is a natural chemical our body secretes that makes us feel happy and relaxed. On the other hand, doing physical exercise generally brings us into contact with outside world. For example, when we jog in a park, the beautiful scenery there often refreshes our mind and takes us to a stress-free world. Besides, when we do some team sports, we communicate with our partners, sharing feelings and worries with them. They not only will cheer us up by saying some nice words but also may provide some suggestions for solving the problems we have. Clearly, we will feel much better after playing sports with them.
While some one may claim that we cannot ignore the importance of watching movies and reading books to relaxing ourselves since watching movies or reading books offer us greater chances to get away from the reality. Anyway, I admit that we can sometimes laugh by watching a comedy or enjoy the graceful description about pastoral country life thereby having an immersed sense. However, watching movies or reading books also requires us to stare at the screen or the book for long time, how can we have a good relaxation we still need to overfatigue our eyes? So, watching movies or reading books can be taken as good pastime when we want to spend weekends or holidays alone. And we should do physical exercise if we want to relax ourselves.
All in all, doing physical exercise is a superb way if we want to relax ourselves. It provides us with great opportunity to stretch ourselves and feel happy.
(518 words)
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