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小学英语五年级下册重点语法大全

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  小学英语五年级下册重点语法大全

  重点语法

  一般现在时

  1. 概念:一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

  2. 构成:一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式:

  (1)be型:句子的谓语动词只有be(am,is或are):

  a.肯定句中,只出现be,如:

  I am a student.我是一名学生。

  b.否定句中,要在be后面加not,如:

  She isn't a teacher.她不是教师。

  c.一般疑问句,要将be放在句子开头(注意句首字母大写),句尾用问号,答语用Yes,主语+be.或No,主语+ be + not.如:

  —Are you ready?—你准备好了吗?

  —Yes,I am.—是的,我准备好了。

  (—No,I'm not.—不,我没准备好。)

  (2)实义动词型:句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词):

  a.肯定句中,只出现实义动词,如:

  I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。

  b.否定句中,要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not,do(does)作助动词,本身无意义,常与not缩写成don't(doesn't),如:

  I don't like vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。

  c.一般疑问句,要在句子开头加助动词Do(does),句尾用问号,简略答语用Yes,主语+do(does).或No,主语+do(does)+not.如:

  —Do you like oranges?—你喜欢桔子吗?

  —Yes,I do.—是的,我喜欢。

  (—No,I don't.—不,我不喜欢。)

  3. 一般现在时的用法

  1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

  时间状语:every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday

  I leave home for school at7 every morning.

  2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

  The earth moves around thesun.

  Shanghai lies in the eastof China.

  3) 表示格言或警句中。

  Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

  注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

  例:Columbusproved that the earth is round..

  4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

  I don't want so much.

  Ann Wang writes goodEnglish but does not speak well.

  比较:NowI put the sugar in the cup.

  I am doing my homework now.

  一般将来时

  一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

  句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week,month, year…),soon,

  the day aftertomorrow(后天)等。

  二、基本结构:① be going to + do;②will+ do.

  三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)后加not或will后加not成won’t。

  例如:I’m going to have a picnicthis afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

  四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。

  例如:We are going to go on anouting this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

  五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

  1. 问人。Who

  例如:I’m going to New York soon. →Who’sgoing to New York soon.

  2. 问干什么。What … do.

  例如: My father is going towatch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with youthis afternoon.

  3. 问什么时候。When.

  例如:She’s going to go to bed atnine. →When is she going to bed?

  六、同义句:be going to = will

  I am going to goswimming tomorrow(明天). = I will goswimming tomorrow.

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