三年级英语语法复习大全(2)

燕妮分享 2015-07-23 12:04:27

　　语法专项整理(五)介词

　　1、介词的分类

词类	例词
时间介词	at 7:00, in the morning, on Monday, before lunch, after dinner,
方位介词	on the desk, in the park, at home, under the tree, behind the door, over the bed, in front of the house, near the lake, next to the cinema,
动向介词	go to school, jump into the water, climb up the tree, ski down the mountain, run out of the door
方式介词	by bike, on foot, play with my friend

　　2、at, on, in在表示时间时的区别：

　　(1)at用于具体的时刻：at 10:05, at noon, at night,

　　(2)on用于具体的一天(常与星期、节日、具体的某一天连用，也表示某天上午、下午或晚上)：

　　on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on June 1st, on my birthday, on Friday morning, on the weekend,

　　(3)in用于某一段时间(常与上午、下午、晚上连用，常与月份、季节、年份连用)：

　　in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in March, in spring, in 2007,

　　语法专项整理(六)There be 结构

　　1、概念：There be结构又叫存在句，表示某地存在某物。

　　2、 There be 结构的肯定句

　　(1) There is + 可数名词单数 + 地点：There is a book on the desk.

　　(2) There is + 不可数名词 + 地点：There is some water in the glass

　　(3) There are + 可数名词复数 + 地点：There are some flowers in the garden.

　　l 就近原则：若句子中有几个并列的主语，be动词的形式和最近的一个主语保持一致

　　There is a book and 2 pencils in the bag.

　　There are many flowers and a tree in the garden.

　　3、 There be 结构的疑问句(把be动词提到句子前面，若句子中有some，要变为any)

　　Is there a book on the desk? Is there any water in the glass?

　　Are there any flowers in the garden?

　　语法专项整理(七)现在进行时

　　1、概念：表示说话时正在进行的动作。(提示词：Now, look, listen)

　　2、构成：be动词 + 现在分词：

形式	例句
第一人称单数 + am + 现在分词	I am reading a book.
第三人称单数+ is + 现在分词	He is doing homework. She is flying a kite.
第二人称单数/各人称复数+ are + 现在分词	We are cooking dinner. They are cleaning the room.

　　3、现在分词

规则	例词
一般情况，加ing	Walk-walking, do-doing
e结尾，去e加ing	dance-dancing, make-making, write-writing, have-having,
汉堡单词，双写加ing	run-running, swim-swimming

　　语法专项整理(八)一般现在时

　　1、概念：表示现在存在着的状况，也可理解为习惯性的动作，不断重复发生的事。

　　提示词：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every morning, every… ~

　　2、构成：

分类	形式	例句
Be动词的一般现在时	第一人称单数 + am	I am a student.
	第三人称单数 + is	He is a boy. She is pretty
	第二人称单数/各人称复数 + are	We are good friends.
其他动词的一般现在时	第三人称单数 + 动词单三形式	She works in the hospital. He livesin the city.
其他动词的一般现在时	其他人称 + 动词原形	They work in the farm. We live in the village.

　　3、动词单三形式：

规则	例词
一般动词,加s	work—works, make—makes
o，ch，sh，s，x结尾加es	watch--watches, wash--washes, go--goes, do--does
辅音字母加y，去y加ies	fly—flies, cry--cries,
元音字母加y，直接加s	buy--buys, play—plays, stay--stays,
不规则形式	have--has are,am—is

　　语法专项整理(九)一般将来时

　　1、概念：表示将来要做的事，要发生的动作。

　　提示词：tomorrow, tonight, this afternoon, this evening, this weekend, next weekend, next Monday,

　　2、构成：

　　(1)be动词 + going to + 动词原形：

　　I am going to watch TV after dinner.

　　He is going to buy a book this afternoon.

　　They are going to go swimming next Sunday.