英语高考试题全国卷二2017及英语高考模拟卷(2)

　　第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　It might sound unbelievable that two kids under the age of ten would choose to hang out at a hotel instead of going to Disney World, just minutes away, but that’s exactly what happened when we visited the new Four Seasons Resort Orlando at Walt Disney World Resort last month. What kind of a hotel makes kids forget about Disney World?

　　Check In: As I was signing the necessary paperwork at the front desk, my kids were taken away by Wayne, the receptionist, to a large interactive map of the resort in the entrance hall. Wayne used the touch screen to show the kids the entire resort and talked about all of the fun things to do, like the kid’s club, the waterslides, and the game room. I’ve never seen so much attention paid to the kids at check-in — such a cool touch.

　　The Room: Not only were there kid-sized robes in the room, there were play things, NatGeo Kids magazines, chocolate lollypops, and milk chilling in the refrigerator. Plus, the room was designed from a family perspective. The sinks and shower settings were easily reachable, and the king bed and very comfortable sofa pull-out could easily fit a family of four, if not five. We had plenty of room.

　　The Pools: There’s a large shallow infinity pool. There’s a meandering lazy river. There’s a water park. There’s an area for pool volleyball and basketball. And there are two very fun waterslides. We spent many hours roaming among them all, and just hanging out in a private teepee-shaped cabana next to the waterslides. So fun!

　　No Surcharges: There’s no resort fee. If you want to use one of the cool cabanas around the pools, it’s included. For the kids club, you can use it as much or as little as you want to and the Hideout game room has a lot of activities, like pinball, at no cost. We took advantage of pretty much everything around the hotel except for the spa, and our final bill only showed our room charges, taxes, and meals. And if my kids were still under five, their meals would have been free.

　　56. The passage is written by the author mainly to ________.

　　A. advertise a hotel at Walt Disney World Resort

　　B. introduce the good service Walt Disney provides

　　C. recall the experience that they once had in a hotel

　　D. share information about a hotel near Disney World

　　57. Customers don’t need to pay for ________ when they stay in the hotel.

　　A. cool cabanas B. rooms C. the spa D. taxes

　　58. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. The hotel isn’t an ideal choice for a family of more than four.

　　B. The two kids of the author should have been over five years old.

　　C. The author spent hours playing pool volleyball and basketball.

　　D. The receptionist showed children around Disney World Resort.

　　B

More than 100 million people in Nigeria are not connected to the Internet. There are only a few networks that offer service and it is costly and undependable. Now, a new project provides

a resource for offline viewing at no cost.

　　A non-profit organization called The WiderNet Project has developed the offline eGranary Digital Library. The service puts millions of digital documents, multimedia work and websites onto a server. The information is then available to students, medical workers, and researchers at no cost, whether there is Internet or not.

　　Users can access informative websites that eGranary updates every day such as Wikipedia, Khan Academy, Project Gutenberg, MIT OpenCourseWare, and MIT BLOSSOMS (which is Math and Science video lessons for high school students). Other resources on the service include university and medical publications, computer software, and educational games.

　　Ahmadu Bello University, the largest university in Nigeria and the second largest in Africa, uses eGranary’s digital educational resources. Kasa Mathias, head of the school’s database department, says students can access tens of thousands of educational materials without much problem.

　　“We give them background information on the available databases that they can use for their research work, their assignments, especially projects, and sometimes we will carry them through sensitizing (激活) on new databases that are available for them.”

　　Ibitoye Idowu, a first-year student of archeology, says easy access to university reading material, documents and journals has greatly helped his studying process, and that in some cases, he understands the digital materials better than class lectures.

　　Students now have great reading material, but only when there is electric power. It often fails. Student Ibitoye Idowu says those moments are difficult.

　　Muhammed Mu’azu who leads the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department says the university has spent a large amount of money on access to information, which is available for 40,000 students and teachers.

　　“With or without Internet access students and staff have most of these educational databases and university has also invested a lot in Internet access so even for online materials they are readily available for staff and students anywhere you are in the university campus.”

　　There are fears that students may waste time on social media networks like Facebook and Twitter instead of spending it on school work. Professor Mu’azu says the university needs to be careful about placing restrictions on usage. But he says it will investigate what a user is accessing if a large amount of bandwidth is used.

　　Muhammed Mu’azu compares the speed of the offline service to access over the Internet. The eGranary server can download hundreds of pages in less than 15 minutes. In the past, a 10-page document would take hours to download.

　　WiderNet says it aims to expand to thousands more education and health centers around the world.

　　59. The eGranary Digital Library is mainly intended for ________.

　　A. poor people in Nigeria B. Ahmadu Bello University

　　C. teachers and staff of a university D. people who can’t access the Internet

　　60. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to ________.

　　A. educational materials B. available databases

　　C. assignments and projects D. university students

　　61. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Offline eGranary Digital Library is available to over 100 million people in Nigeria now.

　　B. A university needs to pay for the service of eGranary Digital Library to offer it to students.

　　C. The power supply becomes the main challenge students face when using offline project.

　　D. Education and health centers in the world will all use eGranary’s digital educational resources.

　　C

　　Scientists have known for decades that having measles (麻疹) suppresses kids’ immune systems for several weeks or months, leaving them ill-equipped to fight off pneumonia, bronchitis and other infections.

　　Now a team of researchers has suggested that the measles virus may also leave a longer-lasting sort of “immune-amnesia” that makes it harder for people to stave off other illnesses for two years or more.

　　That re-emphasizes the importance of vaccination (疫苗), said biologist Michael Mina, lead author of a paper that was published in the journal Science.

　　“There may be a long-lasting impact that you can’t undo if your child gets measles,” he said. “I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.”

The researchers used what Mina called “an unconventional

approach” to search for the long-lasting immune system effects. Previous work in monkeys suggested that monkeys with the disease lost white blood cells their bodies had trained to fight off other illnesses, leaving them more likely to be infected.

　　To test if a similar thing may occur in humans, the group mined historical data to find out the relationship between measles incidence (发病率) and deaths from other infectious diseases.

　　They turned to data from England and Wales — developed nations where disease levels are generally low, allowing a less-confused view of measles’ effects. Studying measles incidence and deaths from infectious disease both before and after the introduction of the measles vaccine in the U.K. in the 1960s, Mina and the team saw a sort of shadow effect, where deaths from a variety of non-measles infectious diseases closely tracked measles incidence. The more measles in a population, the more deaths from other illnesses in the 28-month period that followed.

　　“Really it didn’t matter what age group, what decade or what country,” said Mina. “They all showed consistent results … what we’re suggesting happens over the long term is that your immune system works fine, but it has forgotten what it previously learned.”

　　Some researchers who were not involved in the work questioned whether the reductions in deaths as measles cases declined may have had more to do with improving nutrition and smaller family size than with prolonged immune suppression.

　　Others thought the paper’s opinion of years-long suppression was seemingly reasonable but said they could not comment on the mathematical models the group used.

　　To know for certain what was behind the effect the group saw, Mina agreed, scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior. He said he would like to push the work in a more traditional direction: back into the laboratory.

　　62. Why did Mina call their research method “an unconventional approach”?

　　A. Their research was based on the historical data.

　　B. Their research compared monkeys with humans.

　　C. They only paid attention to developed nations.

　　D. They discovered a sort of shadow effect.

　　63. According to Mina, what is the significance of their research?

　　A. They warned people that measles can result in other infectious diseases.

　　B. They carried out the research on measles in an unconventional approach.

　　C. They showed how dangerous measles is and the importance of vaccination.

　　D. They found out the disease levels are generally low in developed nations..

　　64. The underlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.

　　A. keep away B. survive from C. search for D. turn down

　　65. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

　　A. Measles has been the origin of other diseases and deaths

　　B. New research conducted into measles has been widely questioned

　　C. Study points to years-long immune system misfortunes from measles

　　D. Damage caused by measles to the immune system could last several weeks

　　D

　　Svetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich, born on 31 May 1948, is a Belarusian investigative journalist and non-fiction prose writer, writing in Russian. She was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Literature “for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time”. She is the first writer from Belarus to receive the award.

　　Alexievich grew up in Belarus. After finishing school she worked as a reporter in several local newspapers before graduating from Belarusian State University and becoming a journalist for the literary magazine Neman in Minsk.

　　She went on to a career in journalism and writing narratives from interviews with witnesses to the most dramatic events in the country, such as World War II, the Soviet–Afghan War, the fall of the Soviet Union, and the Chernobyl disaster. After political persecution (迫害) by the Lukashenko administration, she left Belarus in 2000. The International Cities of Refuge Network offered her shelter and during the following decade she lived in Paris, Gothenburg and Berlin. In 2011, Alexievich moved back to Minsk.

　　According to Russian writer and critic Dmitry Bykov, her books owe much to the ideas of Belarusian writer Ales Adamovich, who felt that the best way to describe the horrors of the 20th century was not by creating fiction but through recording the evidence of witnesses. Belarusian poet Uladzimir Nyaklyayew called Adamovich “her literary godfather”. He also named the documentary novel I’m from the Burned Village by Ales Adamovich, Janka Bryl and Uladzimir Kalesnik, about the villages burned by the Nazi troops during the occupation of Belarus, as the main single book that has influenced Alexievich’s attitude to literature. Alexievich admitted the influence of Adamovich and added, among others, Belarusian writer Vasil Bykaŭ as another source of impact on her. Her most notable works in English translation include a collection of first-hand accounts from the war in Afghanistan (Zinky Boys: Soviet Voices from a Forgotten War) and a highly praised oral history of the Chernobyl disaster (Voices from Chernobyl).

　　Alexievich describes the theme of her works this way: If you look back at the whole of our history, both Soviet and post-Soviet, it is a huge common grave and a blood bath. An eternal dialogue of the executioners and the victims. The accursed Russian questions: what is to be done and who is to blame. The revolution, the gulags, the Second World War, the Soviet–Afghan war hidden from the people, the downfall of the great empire, the downfall of the giant socialist land, the land-utopia, and now a challenge of cosmic dimensions — Chernobyl. This is a challenge for all the living things on earth. Such is our history. And this is the theme of my books, this is my path, my circles of hell, from man to man.

Her first book, War’s

Unwomanly Face, came out in 1985. It was repeatedly reprinted and sold more than two million copies. The book was finished in 1983 and published (in short edition) in Oktyabr, a Soviet monthly literary magazine, in February 1984. In 1985, the book was published by several publishers, and the number of printed copies reached 2,000,000 in the next five years. This novel is made up of monologues (独白) of women in the war speaking about the aspects of World War II that had never been related before. Another book, The Last Witnesses: the Book of Unchildlike Stories, describes personal memories of children during war time. The war seen through women’s and children’s eyes revealed a new world of feelings. In 1993, she published Enchanted with Death, a book about attempted and completed suicides due to the downfall of the Soviet Union. Many people felt inseparable from the Communist ideology and unable to accept the new order surely and the newly interpreted history.

　　Her books were not published by Belarusian state-owned publishing houses after 1993, while private publishers in Belarus have only published two of her books: Voices from Chernobyl in 1999 and Second-hand Time in 2013, both translated into Belarusian. As a result, Alexievich has been better known in the rest of world than in Belarus.

　　66. According to the passage, Alexievich was able to win the 2015 Nobel Prize in Literature mainly because ________.

　　A. she is superior to other writers in literature

　　B. she is the greatest journalist all over the world

　　C. she witnessed the most dramatic events in Belarus

　　D. her works reflected the suffering and courage in her time

　　67. Who played a significant role in Alexievich’s literary world?

　　A. Ales Adamovich and Vasil Bykaŭ. B. Dmitry Bykov and Ales Adamovich.

　　C. Uladzimir Kalesnik and Janka Bryl. D. Vasil Bykaŭ and Uladzimir Nyaklyayew.

　　68. Which of the following is TRUE about Alexievich’s first book?

　　A. It was not until 5 years later that the book was well received.

　　B. It is written from the viewpoint of women and children involved in the war.

　　C. It was first published by Belarusian state-owned publishing houses in 1984.

　　D. It reveals something unknown about World War II to the public.

　　69. What can we know from the theme of Alexievich’s works?

　　A. She discusses who is to blame for the wars in her works.

　　B. She takes a practical view of the future for her motherland.

　　C. Her works show sorrow and sympathy for war victims and her country.

　　D. Her works merely focused on the disasters the Belarusian experienced.

　　70. What can be inferred from the passage?

　　A. Some people were dependent on the Soviet Union with affection.

　　B. Women and children are the main characters of Alexievich’s works.

　　C. Voices from Chernobyl published in 1999 was written in Belarusian.

　　D. Alexievich has been highly respected by the Lukashenko administration.

　　第四部分 任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

　　请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

　　注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。

　　Glad to be grey

　　The recession (经济衰退) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the subsequent recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the OECD, shows in its annual Employment Outlook.

　　Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new employees because they are easier to sack. But in previous periods, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also dismissed. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.

　　The researchers focus on movements in “non-employment” as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points among 25- to 54-year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55-64 age group.

　　Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD’s employment directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past early-retirement schemes provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped.

Job losses among older workers have also been balanced by falls in inactivity, reflecting employment presssure that were already apparent before the crisis. Older workers are healthier

than they used to be and work is less physically demanding. They are also more attractive to employers than former generations.

　　Today’s 55- to 64-year-olds are the advance group of the post-war baby-boomers who benefited from better education than their predecessors. Older workers now have a stronger motivation to stay in employment because of the impact of the crisis on wealth.

　　Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded. First, it is a mistaken belief that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there is no fixed “lump of labour”. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation: younger people are attracted to IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help the young jobless, but shunting older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.

　　第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)

　　81. 请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

　　Beijing police detained (拘留) 16 students from the Beijing Midi School of Music on suspicion of drug use, after a raid on a dormitory on November 24, 2015, following a statement that marijuana was being used at the school.

　　By June, 2015, there were more than 3 million known drug addicts in China, among whom there were more than 38,000 under the age of 18, according to an official at the drug control department of the Ministry of Justice.

　　【写作内容】

　　1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;

　　2. 结合上述信息，简要分析材料所反映的社会现象的原因及危害;

　　3. 根据你的分析，谈谈你对解决此问题的看法或建议(不少于两点)。

　　【写作要求】

　　1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

　　2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

　　3. 不必写标题。

　　【评分标准】

　　内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

　　参考答案

　　第一部分 (共 20 小题;每小题 1 分，共 20 分)

　　1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B

　　11. B 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C

　　第二部分 (共 35 小题;每小题 1 分，共 35 分)

　　21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B

　　31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C

　　36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. B

　　46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. D 55. B

　　第三部分 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)

　　56. D 57. A 58. B 59. D 60. D 61. C 62. A 63. C 64. A 65. C

　　66. D 67. A 68. D 69. C 70. A

　　第四部分 (共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)

　　71. edge/advantage 72. Reasons 73. provide 74. compensated 75. active

　　76. health/condition 77. education 78. aware/conscious 79. robbed 80. way

　　第五部分 (满分 25 分)

　　81. One possible version:

　　The two selections presented above clearly reveal that teenagers engage in illegal drug abuse, which has become a growing social phenomenon and to which we are supposed to attach importance.

　　Quite a few factors give rise to the problem. For one thing, some teenagers take drugs illegally because they are curious or want to rebel against families. For another, some try them just on account of peer pressure. Drug abuse has a dangerous effect on teenagers. Drugs affect teens’ ability to concentrate on their study and work. Besides, drug abuse can cause both emotional and physical problems, and even suck the life right out of a person.

To protect teenagers from illegal drugs, safety education has been of great urgency. By putting more safety education into textbooks, we should make teenagers realize the risk and consequence of taking drugs. Meanwhile, parents’ supervision and communication play an important role in keeping teenagers away from drugs.