古希腊神话雅典娜故事_雅典娜女神的故事
雅典娜被称为智慧女神，她是智慧与精神力完美结合。关于雅典娜的故事你知道多少?下面是学习啦小编为大家准备的古希腊神话雅典娜故事，希望大家喜欢!
古希腊神话雅典娜故事原文
有一次，宙斯得了严重的头痛症。包括药神阿波罗在内的所有山神都试图对他实施一种有效的治疗，但结果都是徒劳的。众神与人类之父宙斯只好要求火神赫斐斯托斯打开他的头颅。火神那样做了。令奥林波斯山诸神惊讶的是：一位体态婀娜、披坚执锐的女神从裂开的头颅中走了出来，光彩照人，仪态万方。她就是智慧与知识女神雅典娜，也是雅典的守护神。
雅典娜成为雅典的守护神的传说和女神与波塞冬之间的争斗有关。当雅典首次由一个腓尼基人建成时，波塞冬与雅典娜争夺为之命名的荣耀。最后达成协议;能为人类提供最有用东西的人将成为该城的守护神。波塞冬用他的三叉戟敲打地面变出了一匹战马。而雅典娜则变出了一棵橄榄树——和平与富裕的象征。因战马被认为是代表战争与悲伤，因此雅典就以女神的名字命名。女神很快将该城纳入她的保护之中。
雅典娜是艺术、工艺和妇女手工之神，双手灵巧，无法忍受别人的挑战。一位名叫阿瑞克妮的莉迪亚族少女，似乎瞧不起雅典娜
的本领，并常吹嘘如有机会定能击败女神雅典娜。一气之下，女神装扮成一位老妇，劝告阿瑞克妮应谦虚一些。但那位愚昧无知的女手艺人，竟勇敢地向她发出挑战。女神卸去伪装，接受了挑战。两位妇女立刻着手创作各自的作品。女神设计的图案叙述了她与波塞冬争斗的故事，而阿瑞克妮则编织了一张精细的网。之后，阿瑞克妮吃惊地发现自己输了，因女神的作品要好得多。她感到非常羞耻，便用一根丝线自缢。但在咽气之前，女神将她变成了一只蜘蛛，让她永远地编织。
古希腊神话雅典娜故事英文
On one occasion Zeus suffered a bad headache.All the gods，including Apollo，the god of medicine，had tried uselessly to offer an effective treatment.
Then the father of gods and men asked Hephaestus to open his head.This the god of the fire did.To the wonder of all the Olympians，a goddess，well-grown and full-armed，came out of Zeus' head.The goddess was giving off light and splendor. She was Athena，goddess of wisdom and knowledge and patroness of Athens.
The story of Athena becoming patron goddess of Athens concerns the struggle between the goddess and Poseidon.When the city of Athens was first built by a Phoenician，both Poseidon and Athena competed for the honour of naming it.It was then agreed that whoever offered the most useful object for men would become the patron of the city.Poseidon struck the ground with his trident and produced a horse，whereas Athena had an olive tree to present，a symbol of peace and plenty.As the horse was regarded as struggle and sorrow， Athens was named after the goddess，who soon took the city under her protection.
Athena was the goddess of arts and crafts
and woman' s handiwork.She was so skilled with her hands that she tolerated no challenge to her skill in this respect . A Lydian maid，Arachne by name，did not seem to think much of Athena's skill，for she frequently talked big
that she could beat the goddess if she had the chance to do so.The goddess was quite angry.
Dressed up as an old woman，she went to advise Arachne to be modest.But the ignorant crafts woman
bravely asked the goddess herself to come down and compete with her.At this the goddess took off her disguise and accepted the competition. The two women immediately set about making different designs.
While the goddess worked on the story of her rivalry with Poseidon，Arachne began to make a delicate web.When both pieces were finished，Arachne saw，to her surprise，that she had been beaten，for the goddess' design was infinitely better.She felt so shamed that she tied a piece of silk to hang herself.But Just before she breathed her last breath the goddess changed her into a spider and let her weave forever.
古希腊神话雅典娜神话学意义
雅典娜是北方民族和南方民族融合的产物，一般认为是母系(或母权)社会的大母神的神格分身，由远古的鸟和蛇类女神演化而来的，大母神原型的统治占据着原始状态的人类心理，意识只能缓慢地发展，而且只能逐渐地从无意识直接进程的支配下获得解放。
雅典娜心理母权时代的发端已经消失在史前迷雾之中,但在我们的历史时代的黎明，它的终结却壮丽辉煌地展现在我们眼前。后来它被父权所取代，大父神(the Great Father，即后来的神王：该亚——乌拉诺斯——克洛诺斯——宙斯)或男性(the Masculine)原型，及其不同的象征、不同的价值和不同的趋向，逐渐占据了支配地位。从宙斯头颅中诞生的雅典娜故事， 可以看到古希腊历史演变的某种象征——民族的迁移和融合，母权时代被父权所取代。宙斯代表创造了迈锡尼文明和后期克里特文明、公元前2000年左右迁入希腊本土的真正希腊人的祖先——阿该亚人的神灵宗教信仰，而墨提斯则象征着原先希腊本土土著居民的精神信仰。将墨提斯视为智慧女神可能代表着当时希腊本土的文明要优秀于后来的移民们的文明;当宙斯将她吞入肚中时，便是土著居民、阿该亚人和西亚移民不同的宗教与文明的融合，从而形成了新的希腊古典文明体系——“雅典娜”——当然这个词只是一个比喻，希腊正统宗教的象征仍然是宙斯而不是雅典娜，因为她不是“预言”中的“儿子”，因此最终并没能真正取代宙斯。这多少代表了当时被征服的民族的屈从;但墨提斯虽然被吞，而她仍留在宙斯肚里，又象征着这些民族仍多少保留着他们自己的传统。
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